Unit Five Language

Language Language is a system of symbols designed for the purpose of human communication.

Proverbs and Sayings The tongue is not made of steel, yet it cuts. Task 1 Proverbs and Sayings The tongue is not made of steel, yet it cuts. 舌头不是钢，一动把人伤。 Fine words dress ill deeds. 漂亮的言词装饰着恶劣的行为。 A good tongue is a good weapon. 口齿伶俐，是件利器。

Do you know some dialects? If yes, show them to us. Task 1 ----- Discussion There are many different languages people use to communicate. Discuss the following questions about language with your classmates . Do you know some dialects? If yes, show them to us. How many languages can you speak? What are they? Do you think language learning is a difficult process?Why or why not?

Task 1 ----- Picture Describing There are many ways to communicate, like language, gestures, eye contact, facial expressions, try to figure out the following pictures. Click the picture to get the answer

Task 2 ----- Language Learning in America Learning a foreign language is usually required in schools around the world. But in different countries, the learning program is different. Listen to the following passage about how American children learn a foreign language and then answer some questions. What is the best age Americans want children to learn a foreign language? Why? It is wanted for children to learn a foreign language younger than 5 years old, since language experts say it is easier for younger children to learn a language. What do Children do in immersion programs ? Children in immersion programs hear only but new language in the classroom. The children play games, sing songs and talk to one another in the new language.

Task 2 ----- Language Learning in America Script It seems more and more Americans want schools to teach foreign languages to children younger than 5 years old. The most popular way to teach these young children another language is the method called “immersion (沉浸法)”. Children in immersion programs hear only but new language in the classroom. The children play games, sing songs and talk to one another in the new language. Some experts say immersion programs are the most effective way for young children to learn a language. But there can be a problem when children in the United States began to learn another language at such an early age. Not many elementary schools continue the effort as the children get older. Only seven of the fifty states require school to teach a foreign language to students between the ages of six and twelve. Language experts say it is easier for younger children to learn a language.

Task 2 ----- Video Clip Watch the video clip and you will know how Helen Keller discovered words! How I Discovered Words Click to stop and click again to continue

answer the following questions. Work in groups to answer the following questions. What day is considered the most important day in her life according to Helen Keller? And why? The day on which her teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to her is considered the most important in her life. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before she was seven years old. That day was important because it marked a turning point in her life.

How did Helen feel before her education began? She felt tense and anxious, waiting for something to happen with a beating heart. But she did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for her. We know for the first seven years of her life she was almost like a wild animal. She screamed and kicked because she wanted other people to understand her. She wanted to communicate with them but there was no way.

What are the differences between you and Helen as to learning words? It’s easy for us to learn the words. We can see, hear and read. We know words have meanings, either concrete or abstract. But for Helen that’s a hard job. She couldn’t see or hear so she learned by touching and feeling. It’s after Ann came that she knew words are names of things and understood the connection between words and things. By touching and feeling she managed to discover words and the world, and she became a great person in the world.

Introduction: the most important day in her life. (Para. 1) Her feelings before her teacher arrived / her education began. (Para. 2-3) The first encounter with the teacher.　(Para. 4)

How she discovered words. (Para. 5-9) Her initial success in learning: she learned the spelling of a few words. (Para. 5) B. The difficulties encountered in learning the meanings of words and her reactions. (Para. 6) C. Her new sight: everything had a name and each name gave birth to a new thought. (Para. 7-8) Her feelings and her new outlook on life before she fell asleep that night after her trip to the well-house. (Para. 9)

Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle. (Line 12) 抽象名词 anger and bitterness 作主语。 如本课另一句： Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst. 在这种强烈的情感发泄之后，我没有一丝伤感或懊悔之情。

prey up(on): trouble greatly; torment 使持续苦恼；折磨 犯罪感不停地折磨着他。 Feelings of guilt incessantly preyed upon his mind. 多年来他一想到自己对她的死负有责任就心如刀割。 The thought that he was responsible for her death preyed on him for years.

prey on: 2) take/hunt/catch as prey 3) steal from; attack; make sb. 捕食，杀害 3) steal from; attack; make sb. one’s victim 掠夺，使某人成为某 人的牺牲品 猫捕食鸟和老鼠。 Cats prey on birds and mice. 过往船只受到海盗的抢劫。 Passing ships were preyed upon by pirates.

succeed: follow after, replace 随……之后； 接替；取代某人或某物 The company is developing a new generation of computers to succeed their existing range. 该公司正开发新一代的电脑，用以承接现有的系列。 A silence succeeded his words. 他讲话之后接着是一阵沉默。 The silence was succeeded by the striking of a clock. 时钟鸣响声打破了寂静。

In despair she had dropped the subject for the time, only to renew it at the first opportunity. (Line 47) only to do sth. 不料（表意想不到的结果）

I walked all the way from home to the library, only to find it closed. 我从家里一路走到图书馆，不料已经关门了。 I walked all the way from home to the library, only to find it closed. 我们准时到达了机场，不料却被告知我们的航班被取消了。 We arrived at the airport on time, only to be told our flight was cancelled.

I arrived at the shop _______________________ 请完成下面的句子。 I arrived at the shop _______________________ _____________.（结果却发现把钱放在家里了） only to find I had left all my money at home I returned back home from holidays ___________ _______________________. （结果却发现有人闯进我家了） only to find my house had been broken

On entering the door I remembered the doll I had broken. (Line 71) on/upon doing sth; on/upon + N: on the occasion of or directly after(as soon as) 一……就……（此动作一发生，另一动作立即发生）

On his stepping out of the taxi he was seized by two men. 他一从出租车出来就被两个人抓住了。 On his stepping out of the taxi he was seized by two men. 校长进来时，孩子们都起立欢迎。 The boys stood up on the entrance of the headmaster.

On his return from Europe, he set to work in earnest. 他从欧洲一回来， 就开始认真工作。 On his return from Europe, he set to work in earnest. 简一回家首先做的事情之一就是好好地睡了一觉。 One of the first things that Jane did on getting home was to have a good sleep.

The wine flushed her face and throat. be flushed with (Line 36, Para. 5) flush (v.) 1) (of a person, the skin, or the face) become red （指人、皮肤或 脸）面红耳赤；脸红 2) clean or drive out by a sudden flow of water 冲洗 The wine flushed her face and throat. 酒使她一直从脸红到脖子。 他在用热水冲堵住的水管。 He is flushing the blocked pipe with the hot water.

_________________, the students knew no weariness. be flushed with: The face gets red because of sth. 因……而脸红，激动 请分别用 (be) flushed with victory / happiness / embarrassment 完成句子。 _________________, the students knew no weariness. Flushed with victory The parents _______________ _________ at their son’s first success. were flushed with happiness She ___________________________ when she realized her mistakes. was flushed with embarrassment

My father impressed the value of hard work upon/on me. impress sth. upon sb. (Line 46, Para. 6) fix sth. in sb’s mind; make sb. keenly aware of sth. 使某人铭记某事；使某人深深意识到某事 我父亲要我铭记努力工作的重要性。 My father impressed the value of hard work upon/on me. The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records. 经理让办公室职员认识到做精确记录的重要性。

He is __________________ to answer questions. not conscious enough consciousness (n.) (Line 63, Para. 7) conscious (adj.) 1) able to think, feel; aware 有知觉的；有意识的；神智清醒的 2) ( + that / of ) knowing; understanding 自己知道的； 自己察觉的 请完成下面的句子。 他神志不够清醒，还不能回答问题。 He is __________________ to answer questions. not conscious enough 我没有意识到得罪了他。 I was ______________ having offended him. not conscious of

consciousness that she was very much in demand as a baby-sitter. consciousness (n.) : 知觉；意识 She was happy in the consciousness that she was very much in demand as a baby-sitter. 当她意识到有许多人都要她临时照料孩子时，她感到很高兴。 她什么时候能恢复知觉？ When will she regain / recover consciousness?

, unconsciousness 不清醒；无意识 形近词： conscientious (adj.) 凭良心的；谨慎的；尽责的 a conscientious piece of work 凭良心做的工作 a conscientious worker 一个认真负责的工作者 conscientiously (adv.) 认真负责地 conscientiousness (n.) 良知；责任心

thrill with excitement thrill (Line 63, Para. 7) n. 激动，狂喜；引起激动或狂喜的事物 v. 使激动，使兴奋 请了解以下常见表达。 一阵喜悦（恐怖） a thrill of joy / horror 激动得不能自已 thrill with excitement 恐惧得发抖 thrill with horror 因喜讯而激动 thrill at the good news

The traveler _________ with his stories. thrilled us 请完成下面的句子。 这位旅行者的经历使我们惊骇 不已。 The traveler _________ with his stories. thrilled us This young singer __________ _______ with her fine and sensitive singing. 这位年轻歌手恬美细腻的歌声使 众人激动。 has thrilled crowds

be vainly proud of vainly hope for in vain vainly (adv.) (Line 72, Para. 8) unsuccessfully 徒劳地 请了解以下常见表达或搭配。 be vainly proud of 因……而目空一切 vainly hope for 妄想 in vain 徒然；枉然

The police ___________ to break up the protest crowds. tried in vain 请完成下面的句子。 警察企图驱散抗议的人群，但 没有成功。 The police ___________ to break up the protest crowds. tried in vain 那些懒惰的人总是妄想不劳而获。 Those lazy-bones __________________________ _____. vainly hope for success without effort 你不应因父母富有而目空一切。 You shouldn’t ________________ your parents’ wealth. be vainly proud of

be vain of / about sth. vain talk vain: 1) full of self-admiration 自负的；爱慕 虚荣的 2) without result; useless 徒劳的；没有 结果的 请了解以下常见表达或搭配。 be vain of / about sth. 为……而自负 vain talk 空谈

I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant. 我呆呆地站在我家的门廊上，内心充满了期盼。 I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant. 我隐约猜到将有不同寻常的事发生。 I guessed vaguely that something unusual was about to happen. 我的未来究竟会出现什么样的奇迹，我茫然无知。 I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me. 就在那个时刻，爱的光芒洒在了我的身上。 The light of love shone on me in that very hour.

I did not know this until afterward. 这些是我在后来才知道的。 I did not know this until afterward. 在强烈的情感发泄之后，我既伤感又懊悔。 Sorrow and regret followed my passionate outburst. 一想到这，我便高兴得又蹦又跳。 This thought made me hop and skip with pleasure. 我躺在床上回味着这一天所给予我的欣喜。 I lived over the joys this day had brought me as I lay on the bed.