Lecture 13 空調容量計算
2.凝結或液化 (condensation) (排熱) 水蒸氣之凝結潛熱為539kcal/kg (970BTU/lb) 物質的潛熱 1.溶解(melting)-溶解熱 (吸熱) 每溶解1kg的冰可吸收79.68kcal的熱量, 或溶解1lb的冰可吸收144BTU的熱量 2.凝結或液化 (condensation) (排熱) 水蒸氣之凝結潛熱為539kcal/kg (970BTU/lb) 3.昇華 (sublimation) (吸熱) 昇華潛熱為136.8kcal/kg 246.3BTU/lb 4. 蒸發熱(evaporation) (吸熱) 蒸發潛熱為539kcal/kg 970BTU/lb 5.凝固 (solidification) (排熱) 凝固潛熱為79.68kcal , 144BTU/lb 2010 Meiling CHEN http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/AE_air_conditioner.html
低壓高溫氣體 室內機 低壓低溫氣體 高壓高溫氣體 戶外主機 高壓低溫液體 2010 Meiling CHEN www.familycar.com/classroom/ac1.htm
空調機的容量標示 冷凍噸 RT (Refrigeration Ton) Refrigeration Ton of British System )(USRT) (使1英噸( 2000磅 ) 32℉的水在24hr內變成32℉的冰，所需的熱量) Refrigeration ton of Metric System (使1公噸(1000kg) 0 ℃的水在24hr內變成0 ℃的冰，所需的熱量) 冷房能力 (Refrigeration capability ) KW (Heat capacity 1KW=860kcal/hr) 1kW = 860 Kcal/hr=3412BTU/hr 2010 Meiling CHEN
市場各冷氣機種噸數換算 窗型冷氣: 分離式: 氣冷冰水機: 水冷冰水機(箱型機) 1RT=2000Kcal/hr=8000BTU/hr<1RT(=3320kcal/hr) 分離式: 1RT=2500Kcal/hr=10000BTU/hr<1RT (=3320kcal/hr) 氣冷冰水機: 1RT=2800Kcal/hr=11200BTU/hr<1RT (=3320kcal/hr) 水冷冰水機(箱型機) 1RT=3000Kcal/hr=12000BTU/hr≒1RT (=3320kcal/hr) 2010 Meiling CHEN
空調效能係數 性能系數COP (coefficient of performance ) Refrigeration capability [kW]/ consumption power [kW] 能源效率比值 EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) Refrigeration capability ( Kcal/hr)/ consumption power [W] COP = 冷房能力（KW）/ 消耗電力（KW）= EER x 1.163 EER（能源效率比值）=冷房能力（Kcal/hr）/ 消耗電力（W） 2010 Meiling CHEN
2010 Meiling CHEN
2010 Meiling CHEN
Calculating Heat Load The floor area of the room The size and position of windows, and whether they have blinds or shades The number of room occupants (if any) The heat generated by equipment The heat generated by lighting 2010 Meiling CHEN
(II) Window Size (m2) and Position (with Blinds) (I) Floor Area of Room Room Area BTU=337/m2 (II) Window Size (m2) and Position (with Blinds) West Facing window BTU = 870/m2 East Facing windows BTU = 165/m2 Windows BTU = West Window(s) BTU + East Window(s) BTU Windows BTU (without Blind)= Windows BTU *1.5 (III) Window Size and Position Total Occupant BTU = Number of occupants x 400 (IV) Equipment Equipment BTU = Total wattage for all equipment x 3.5 (V) Lighting Lighting BTU = Total wattage for all lighting x 4.25 2010 Meiling CHEN
上課教室通常以2400BTU/坪(=800BTU/m2)計算=分離式0.08RT/m2,約=80w/m2 Example 1: 90m2 教室一間， 容納50人， 單面採光窗(有窗簾) 2m*8m ， 一面通風窗0.5m*8m ， 照明以20W/m2配置， 教室內有一台200W的投影機及100W的擴音機， 計算總熱負載 Factors BTU Unit BTU/hr Kcal/hr EER consumption power (W) Room Area BTU 337 m2 90 30330 West Facing window BTU 870 16 13920 East Facing windows BTU 165 4 660 Total Occupant BTU 400 person 50 20000 Equipment BTU 3.5 W 300 1050 Lighting BTU 4.25 1800 7650 Total Heat Load 73610 18549.72 5299.92 Average Heat Load(BTU/m2) 817.8889 W/m2 58.888 上課教室通常以2400BTU/坪(=800BTU/m2)計算=分離式0.08RT/m2,約=80w/m2 2010 Meiling CHEN
辦公室以1800BTU/坪(=600BTU/m2)計算=分離式0.06RT/m2 ,約=60w/m2 Example 2: 20m2 辦公室一間， 容納1人， 單面採光窗(有窗簾) 2m*3m ， 一面通風窗0.5m*3m ， 照明以10W/m2配置， 教室內有一台350W的電腦及100W的冰箱， 計算總熱負載 Factors BTU Unit Kcal/hr EER consumption power (W) Room Area BTU 337 m2 20 6740 West Facing window BTU 870 6 5220 East Facing windows BTU 165 1.5 247.5 Total Occupant BTU 400 person 1 Equipment BTU 3.5 W 450 1575 Lighting BTU 4.25 200 850 Total Heat Load 15032.5 3788.19 1082.34 Average Heat Load(BTU/m2) 751.625 W/m2 54.117 辦公室以1800BTU/坪(=600BTU/m2)計算=分離式0.06RT/m2 ,約=60w/m2 2010 Meiling CHEN