Further Development Translation 来自 创思英语 http://www.tronest.cn Grammar

Translation 西安就是这样一个能吸引大量游客的美丽城市。 Xi’an is such a beautiful city that can attract a large number of visitors. 上海就是这样一个能吸引大量外国游客的现代化城市。 Shanghai is such a modern city that can attract a large number of foreign visitors.

Translation 他被认为是班上最聪明的学生。 He is regarded as the brightest student in his class. 这所中学被认为是全市最好的中学。 This middle school is regarded as the best in the city.

Translation 动物像人类一样需要关怀。 Animals, like human beings, also need care. 老人像孩子一样需要关心。 Old people, like children, also need care.

Translation 尽管中国面临着很多困难，但对发展很有信心。 Although facing many difficulties, Chinese people has strong confidence to develop its economy. 尽管面临着很多困难，但他对完成这项任务很有信心。 Although facing many difficulties, he has strong confidence to finish the task.

Translation 中国女排成为奥运冠军不仅仅是政府支持的结果，也是她们辛勤汗水的回报。 What makes Chinese women’s volleyball team a champion at the Olympic Games is not just the support of the government, but their own hard work. 他能成为奥运冠军不仅仅是球迷支持的结果，也是他辛勤汗水的回报。 What makes him the champion at the Olympic Games is not just the support of the fans, but his own hard work.

Translation 随着岁月的流逝，一些往事会被人们逐渐忘记。 As time passes, some past events will gradually disappear from people’s memory. 随着岁月的流逝，甚至一些重要的历史事件也会被人们逐渐忘记。 As time passes, even some important historical events will gradually disappear from people’s memory.

Translation 红色代表热情，绿色代表生命。 Red represents enthusiasm, and green represents life. 玫瑰代表爱情，鸽子代表和平。 Rose represents love and doves represent peace.

Translation 甚至当他面临死亡威胁时，他仍坚持自己的信念。 Even when under the threat of death, he still persists in his own faith. 甚至当他面临死亡威胁时，他没有向敌人投降。 Even when under the threat of death, he didn’t surrender to the enemy.

Grammar Attributive clause 定语从句 (2) 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句由who、whom、whose、which或that引导，不需要用逗号与先行词分开 非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，只能由who、whose whom、which引导，而且通常要用逗号与先行词分开。

Grammar Attributive clause 定语从句 (2) 限制性定语从句 先行词是不定代词如all, everything, little, anything, nothing, much, few 等 先行词被all, every, any, only, no, such, very, last, same 等词语修饰 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰 关系代词在从句中做宾语而被省略 带有定语从句的复合句是一般疑问句或特殊疑问句

Grammar Attributive clause 定语从句 (2) e.g. 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开 e.g. This is the house which we bought last month.　 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

Grammar Attributive clause 定语从句 (2) e.g. 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的 e.g. Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

Grammar Attributive clause 定语从句 (2) e.g. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数 e.g. He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

Grammar Attributive clause 定语从句 (2) e.g. as, which 非限定性定语从句 由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。 e.g. As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

Grammar Attributive clause 定语从句 (2) 非限制性定语从句的特点 从句与先行词关系松散 如果定语从句省略仍然完整 有逗号 关系代词不用that, 人（who, whom）物(which) 关系副词 when, where, 但why通常是限制性定语从句 可以用来修饰整个主句的意思，which不能提前放在句首

Grammar Further practice 1) Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise. A. it　 B. that　 C. which　　 D. he 2) The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what　 B. which　 C. that　 D. it 3) It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. A. that　 B. which　 C. as　 D. it

Grammar Further practice 4) _____is expected, the England team won the football match. A. That　 B. Which　 C. As　 D. It 5) The elephant’s nose is like a snake, _____ anybody can see. A. that　 B. which　 C. as　 D. it 6) The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired. A. the roof of which B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof

Grammar Further practice 7) Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. about which B. which C. that D. what 8) He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept. A. where B. on which C. under which D. which 9) They rushed over to help the man _____car had broken down.　 A. that　 B. which　 C. whose D. what

Grammar Further practice 10) _____we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. A. That　 B. As　 C. which D. what 11) The sun heats the earth, _____ is very important to us.　 A. that　 B. as　 C. which　 D. it 12) Liquid water changes to vapor, _____ is called evaporation. A. which B. where C. that D. what

Grammar Further practice 13)This is the same bag (the very bag)_____ I lost  yesterday. A. what B. which　 C. what　 D. that 14)He is such a lovely boy _____ we all love him. A. what B. which　 C. that D. what 15)He was taken down to another room,  _____he found a wounded peasant boy, who was dying. A. which B. where C. that D. what