知识的殿堂 倒装结构

Crazy English Sentences 咱们出去走走，好吗? 请让我核对一下帐单。 充足的睡眠有益于健康。 太阳从东方升起。 这是因为我们能感到疼痛。 Let's go for a walk,shall we? Please let me check the bill. Plenty of sleep is healthful． The sun comes up in the east． This is because we feel pain．

倒装语序分为“全部倒装”和“部分倒装”。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词be等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下：

1、倒装句之全部倒装 There goes the bell. / Then came the chairman. here, there, now, then, thus , away, up, down, in, out . Ahead 等副词置于句首, There goes the bell.　/ Then came the chairman.　 Here is your letter. /Now comes the chance. Out rushed a group of students from the classroom.　　 Ahead sat an old woman. 注意： 上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes.　/ Away they went.

2.在方式状语 thus开头的句子中： Thus ended his life. 3. 表示方位的状语提置句首时： On the ground lay a little boy. 4.把表语提置句首时： 1）形容词+连系动词+主语 Present at the meeting are Mr. Smith and Mr. Green 2）过去分词+连系动词+主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to.

2、倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如 no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, by no means, not until … 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. By no means will I tell your secret to others.

当Not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如： I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep

典型例题　　 — Why can't I smoke here? — At no time _______ in the meeting-room. A. is smoking permitted　　 B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted　 D. does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. Not until the early years of the 19th century _______ what heat is. A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didn't man know　 D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

3、以否定词开头作部分倒装 如: Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.

4、so, neither, nor ,no more,作部分倒装 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 表示“也”、“也不” 的句子要部分倒装，例如： Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you won't go, neither will I. He did not turn up. No more did his brother. 注意： 当前面有两个以上不同的谓语动词时，或既有肯定又 否定时用： So it is with….或It is the same with….句型 I like chicken, but I don’t like fish. So it is with me. Tom is an American, but lives in China. It is the same with jack.

注意：1.当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。 “It's raining hard.” “So it is.” 2.My mother asked me to buy some goods for her. and I did so

5、as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语,谓语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前），例如： Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study. Child as he is, he knows something of electricity. Try as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. Much as I like, I won’t take it.

注意： 1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,　随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 2) 让步状语从句中，有 though，although时，后面的主句不能有 but，但是 though 和yet可连用。

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. Only in this way can you learn English well. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 注意： 1.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如： Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 2.但only 修饰主语时不倒装。 Only Dr. Smith can save his life

7. so…..that….. Such…..that…..句型中 so+adj. /adv. 放句首时 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. So small were the words that he could hardly see them. such+名词放在句首时 Such a famous man is he that everyone wants to take a photo with him. 8. 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May…/ Long live…开头的句中 May you succeed！ Long live China ！

Were I you, I would try it again. 9.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 Were I you, I would try it again. Had I time now, I would go to see you. Had I known the answer yesterday, I would have told you. Should it rain, I would stay at home.

However late he is, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. No matter how amusing the story is , I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.

---Look ! There_________(我们老师来了） ---Oh ,yes! There________(她走来） 补全句子 ---Look ! There_________(我们老师来了） ---Oh ,yes! There________(她走来） 2.They didn’t find the building , in front of which ____________（站着两个石狮子） 3. Down ___________ （她下来了） 4. Out _____________（这部小汽车出来了） 5. Hardly ___________（他走进房间）when the telephone rang. 6.----you ought to have given them some advice -----____________（我的确应该），but who cared about what I said? comes our teacher she comes stood two stone lions she went/goes goes the car had he entered the room So I ought (to)

____________________________________ did he run 8. In such a hurry __________( 他跑得）to the office that he was out of breath 9. 只有保持均衡的饮食，你才能保持健康。 ____________________________________ 10.Bill wasn’t happy about the report by Jason, and ____________(我也是） 11. If Joe’s wife won’t go the party, ______________（他也不会去） 12. Little __________________( 他很少意识到）that we were watching his every move. Only when you keep a balanced diet, will you be able to keep healthy neither was I nor will he did he realize

D C C A 倒装句考查热点归纳 一、与only有关的倒装句 1. (2004重庆)I failed in the final examination last term and only then _______ the importance of studies. A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize 2. (2001北京) _______ can you expect to get a pay rise. A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard 3. (2005福建)Only after my friend came ________. A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computer C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired 4. (2001上海春季)Only when the war was over _____ to his hometown. A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return D C C  A

D 解题要领：only引导的倒装句的结构是：only+副词／介词短语／状语从句+助动词+句子剩余部分。 技巧点拨： 5. (2003上海)Only when your identity has been checked _______. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in 解题要领：only引导的倒装句的结构是：only+副词／介词短语／状语从句+助动词+句子剩余部分。 技巧点拨： ①only修饰主语时，不需要倒装； ②倒装是把助动词提前，而不是把谓语动词提前。同时还需考虑题目的时态及语态； ③倒装是指主句的语序倒装，only修饰的状语从句或句子中的其它附属从句语序不变。

C D B 二、与not only…but also有关的倒装句 1. (1991上海卷)Not only ______ polluted, but ______ crowded. A. was the city; were the streets B. the city was; the streets were C. was the city; the streets were D. the city was; were the streets 2. (2002上海春季卷)Not only ______ interested in football but ______ beginning to show an interest. A. the teacher himself is; all his B. the teacher himself is; are all C. is the teacher himself; are all D. is the teacher himself; all his 3. (2004上海卷) ______ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. A. Not only they bought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring C D B

C B 解题要领：not only引导的倒装句结构为：not only+助动词+句子剩余部分。 not only…but also…在连接两个句子时，前面的句子要倒装，后面的句子不倒装。 技巧点拨：识别此类题目干扰项的特点： ①两个句子都倒装；或者两个句子都不倒装； ②前面的句子不倒装，后面的句子倒装； ③缺少助动词。 三、与neither有关的倒装句 1. (2004广东卷)Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ______ any end to their influence on man’s lives. A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there 2. (2004全国卷Ⅲ)—I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. —_______. A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I C B

C D A 解题要领：neither／nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。 技巧点拨：neither／nor引导的倒装结构为：neither／nor+助动词+主语(there be句型应为there)。 四、与否定副词有关的倒装句 1. (1995全国卷)Not until all the fish died in the river ______ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize 2. (2000上海)Not a single song ______ at yesterday’s party. A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing 3. (2000北京卷) I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my 1ife ______ so happy. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I fell A C D

4. (2003全国卷) The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ______ with each other. A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled 5. (2005上海)Never before ______ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city was 6. (2005天津)They have a good knowledge of English but little _____ they know about German. A. have B. did C. had D. do C A D 解题要领：否定词引导的倒装句的结构是：否定词+句子／名词+助动词+句子剩余部分。 考点延伸：类似的考点结构有：little／seldom／hardly／often／many a time／rarely／in no way／scarcely／at no time／nowhere ... +助动词+句子剩余部分；no sooner had…than…(一……就……)；hardly had … when … (一……就……)等结构。

五、与as有关的倒装句 (2001上海)__ ____, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much 2. (2005重庆) _______, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. A. As a quiet student he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a 0uiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student 3. (2005广东) _______, Carolina couldn’t get the door open. A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try C B A

B C 解题要领：as引导的倒装句的结构是：形容词／副词／名词／动词+as+主谓。 技巧点拨：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词 . 六、与虚拟条件句有关的倒装句 1. (1994全国卷)_______ it rain tomorrow，we would have t0 put 0ff the visit to Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 2. (1995上海卷)_______for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not B C 解题要领：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若省略了if，则直接把were, had或should等助动词放在句首。其余的句子成分顺序不改变。

七、与so有关的倒装句 1. (2005全国卷III)Mary never does any reading in the evening, _______. A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John 2. (2005湖北)—Father, you promised! —Well, _______. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first. A. so was I B. so did I C. so 1 was D. so I did 3. (2005江苏) ________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A. So curions the couple was B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious D D B 4. (2005辽宁)—Well I do think the rabbit is a beautiful，gentle animal which can run very flast. —_______. A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does A

八、与however有关的倒装句 1. (1997全国卷)_______, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late B. However is he late D. However late he is 2. (2004上海春季)________, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is However late he is 3. (2004湖北卷)You should try to get a good night’s sleep _____ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever D C A

4. (2005天津)He tried his best to solve the problem, _______difficult it was. A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although A 解题要领：however倒装的结构为：however+形容词(名词)／副词+从句主谓。其余的句子成分顺序不改变。 考点延伸：类似的考点结构有：no matter how+形容词／副词+从句主谓。例如：No matter how difficult the problem is, we must manage to solve it. 无论问题有多么困难，我们都必须设法解决。

5. (2005安徽)—Maggie had a wonderful time at the party 5. (2005安徽)—Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. —_____, and so did I. A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she 6. (2001上海)So difficult ______ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel C D 解题要领：1. so…that引导的倒装句的结构为：so+形容词／副词+主句助动词+句子剩余部分。注意：从句不倒装。2. 若so放在句首，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为：so+助动词+主语(there be句型应为there)。注意：“so+主语+助动词”这一结构的意思是：……确实这样。 考点延伸：类似的考点结构有：such…that引导的倒装句。其结构为：such+a／an+形容词+名词+主句助动词+句子剩余部分。例如：Such a difficult problem is it that no one can work it out。这道题如此之难，没有一个人能算出来。

Good-bye!