第十一讲 “得”字句的译法 汉语结构助词“得”有两种基本用法。 1、置于动词之后，连接补语，表示能力或可能性。 如：我拿得动。（I can carry it.） 2、置于动词或形容词之后，连接补语，表示结果或程度。 如：天热得我睡不着觉。（It is so hot that I cannot sleep.） 一、表示能力或可能性的“得”字句的翻译 （一）利用英语情态动词can (could)或短语“be able to” 和“be capable of) 翻译。如： 1、这个礼堂能坐得下1500人吗？ Can this auditorium hold 1500 people? 2、他看得出两者的差别。 He was able to see the difference between the two.

3、他们什么事情都干得出来。 They are capable of anything 3、他们什么事情都干得出来。 They are capable of anything. （二）利用带后缀“-able”，“-bile”的形容词。如： 1、这消息可靠吗？ Is the information reliable? 2、这种蘑菇吃得。 Such mushroom is edible. 二、表示结果或者程度的“得”字句的翻译 （一）利用“so …that”，“such …that”，和“so… as to…” 1、他的心被绝望咬得很痛，根本笑不出来。 His heart was so gnawed by despair that he could not force a smile. 2、天气 热得大家喘不过气来。 It was such a hot weather that people were out of breath.

3、我们动身得早，午前就赶到那里了。 We started so early as to get there before noon 3、我们动身得早，午前就赶到那里了。 We started so early as to get there before noon. （二）利用短语“too…to…”，“too…for…”， “enough to…”，“enough for…” 1、他气得说不出话来。 He was too angry to speak. 2、这些苹果酸得不能吃。 These apples are too sour for eating. 3、天气暖和得可以游泳了。 It was warm enough to swim now. 4、他身体壮得可以干这件重活。 He is strong enough for this heavy work.

（三）用连词“and”翻译为并列结构 他的歌声引起了听众的哄笑，便羞愧得赶忙离开了比赛会。 His singing made the audience burst out laughing. He felt ashamed and left the competition hurriedly. （四）利用“连系动词+形容词”翻译 今天回家的路显得特别长。 The way home seemed extremely long today. （五）利用“动词+副词”翻译 噩耗传来，她哭得那样伤心。 On hearing the bad news, she wept so bitterly. （六）利用“动词+名词/代词+副词”翻译 我把自己打扮得整整齐齐，去车站接他。 I dressed myself smartly and went to the railway station to meet him.

（七）利用“动词+名词+动词作补语”翻译 阳光把海水照得象缎子一般。 Sunshine made the sea gleam like satin. （八）利用“连系动词+介词短语”翻译 我的心乱得很。 My mind was in a turmoil. （九）利用“动词+表原因的介词短语”翻译 他高兴得心怦怦跳。 His heart leapt with joy. （十）利用“动词+形容词+名词”翻译 她又来信了，不过比前一封说得更详细。 She gave me another letter, giving more details. （十一）利用“动词+名词”翻译

这事弄得我实在受不了。 I can not stand this any more 这事弄得我实在受不了。 I can not stand this any more. （十二）利用“动词+动词过去分词”翻译 他说他的心闷得厉害。 He told me that he felt so pent up. （十三）利用“till/until从句”翻译 这个孩子被打得青一块紫一块。 The boy was beaten until he was black and blue.

1、她半信半疑地对自己说着，声音低得差不多只有她自己 才能听见。 She said dubiously to herself, her voice too low for anyone else to hear. 2、许多环保主义者认为城市已经变得令人生畏，呼吁建立 野生动物、湖泊、林地保护。 Many conservationists think that urban areas have become a nightmare, calling for wildlife, lakes and woodland reserves. 3、偌大的院子显得空落落的，只有一些不知疲倦的麻雀在 梧桐树上叫着，逍遥自在地飞来飞去。原来，在这大楼 林立、空气污染、充满噪音的市区，也还有大自然的造 物与人类争妍。

A big courtyard seemed empty and lonely A big courtyard seemed empty and lonely. Only a few tireless sparrows kept chirping in the parasol trees, enjoying their freedom, flying to and fro. Had these creatures of Mother Nature always been here, gracing humanity with their presence amid the overgrowth of buildings, the air pollution, and the raucous noise of the city?