商务英语写作 项目四 外贸业务磋商信函 任务6 装运 Shipment(1).

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1 商务英语写作 项目四 外贸业务磋商信函 任务6 装运 Shipment(1)

2 Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. Brief Introduction Useful Expressions
Sample Letters 3. Training 4.

3 Introduction 买卖双方签订合同后,出口商备货装运。在货物到达买方之前,可能牵涉到的环节是:买方将包装、装运要求发给卖方;买方催促装运,要求卖方提前或准时装运;卖方发出装船通知;卖方通知买方投保等。不管是哪种情况,一般在开头部分都会提及交易中的商品,再就具体情况提出自己的要求。

4 写作要点及要求 派送装运单据等。 装运要点: 开头:1)提及订单、合同项下的商品名称和质量; 正文:如果是通知装运的信,
有关装运的信函写作目的有:催促尽早装运;修改装运条款;发装运通知; 派送装运单据等。 装运要点: 开头:1)提及订单、合同项下的商品名称和质量; 正文:如果是通知装运的信, 2)通知装运并提出具体要求;如果是催促早日装运的信, 3)要求早日装运并写出原因;如果是修改装运条款的信, 4)建议采用其他装运条款并写出原因;如果是包装要求的信, 5)发出包装须知;如果是分批装运和转船的信, 6)要求分批装运和转船,并说明原因; 结尾:7)期望合作,早日回信等。

5 Basic Definitions 基本概念

6 我国大部分进出口货物是通过海洋运输，而且对外签订的进　出口合同大部分属FOB、CIF和CFR合同，按这类合同规定的装　运条款，主要包括装运期、装运港、目的港、是否允许分批装运与转运等内容。
1.装运期（time of shipment）:是指卖方在起运地点装运货物的期限，它与交货期（time of delivery）是含义不同的两个概念，不应混同使用。  　　装运期是买卖合同中的主要条件，如装运合同当事人一方违反此项条件，另一方则有权要求赔偿其损失，甚至可以撤销合同。因此，在进出口业务中，订好买卖合同中的装运期条款，使装运期规定合理和切实可行，以保证按时完成约定的装运任务，有着十分重要的意义。

7 2.装运期的规定方法  装运期的规定方法有下列几种：  1) 明确规定具体装运期限。  2) 规定在收到信用证后若干天装运。 3）笼统规定近期装运。采用这类规定方法时，不规定装运的具体期限，只用“立即装运”　（immediate shipment）、　“即刻装运”（prompt shipment）、“尽速装运” （shipment as soon as possible）等词语来表示。由于这种规定方法太笼统，故国际商会修订的《跟单信用证统一惯例》规定，不应使用“迅速”、“立　即”、“尽速”和类似的词语。如使用了这类词语，银行将不予理会。

8 装运港和卸货港由交易双方商定，其规定方法有下列几种： 1)在通常情况下，只规定一个装运港和一个卸货港，并列明其港口名称。
3.装货港 （port of shipment）是指开始装货的港口；卸货港（port of destination）是指最终卸货的港口。在海运进出口合同中， 一般都订明装运港和卸货港。 装运港和卸货港由交易双方商定，其规定方法有下列几种：  1)在通常情况下，只规定一个装运港和一个卸货港，并列明其港口名称。  2)在大宗商品交易条件下，可酌情规定两个或两个以上的装运港和卸货港，并分别列明其港口名称。  3)在商订合同时，如明确规定一个或几个装运港和卸货港有困难，可以采用按“选择港口”（optional port）的规定办法。规定选择港有两种方式：一是从两个或两个以上列明的港口中任选一个；二是从某一航区的港口中任选一个，如地中海主要港口。

9 4.分批装运（partial shipment）是指一笔成交的货物分若干批次装运而言。但一笔成交的货物，在不同时间和地点分别装在同一航次、同一条船上，即使分别签发了若干不同内容的提单，也不能按分批装运论处。  　 根据《跟单信用证统一惯例》规定：“除非信用证另有规定，允许分批装运。”为了避免在履行合同时引起争议，交易双方应在买卖合同中订明是否允许分批装运。若双方同意分批装运，应将批次和每批装运的具体时间与数量订明。 此外，《跟单信用证统一惯例》还规定：“如信用证规定在指定时期内分批装运，其中任何一批未按批装运，信用证对该批和以后各批货物均告失效，除非信用证另有规定。”因此，在买卖合同和信用证中规定分批定期、定量装运时，则卖方必须重合同、守信用，严格按照合同和信用证的有关规定办理。

10 5.转运（transshipment）不仅延误时间和增加费用开支，而且还有可能出现货损货差，所以买方对其进口的货物，一般不愿转运，便在商订合同时，提出订立“限制转运”的条款。不过，零星件杂货往往没有直达船的港口，或虽有直达船而船期不定或航次间隔时间太长的港口，为了便利装运，则应当在买卖合同中订明“允许转运”的条款。 根据《跟单信用证统一惯例》规定，除非信用证有相反的规定，可准许转运。为了明确责任和便于安排装运，交易双方是否同意转运以及有关转运的办法和转运费的负担等问题，都应在买卖合同中具体订明。

11 Shipment 装运 TEXT Arm yourself Main points Make yourself skilled TEXT

12 Specimen 1 Pressing for shipment Specimen 2 Asking for Transshipment
1. TEXT Specimen 1 Pressing for shipment Specimen 2 Asking for Transshipment

13 Shipment 装运 TEXT Arm yourself Main points Make yourself skilled TEXT

14 2. Arm yourself 1. on the market up for sale 在市场上出售，待出售
e.g.市场上有新设计的产品出售。 There are some new designed products on the market now. 2. cater for make provision for, supply what is desired or required to 提供，迎合 相关词组：in the market for选购，打算购买 come onto the market 上市 flood the market 充斥市场 bull market 牛市 bear market 熊市 black market 黑市 buyers market 买方市场 third market 第三市场 stock market 股票市场 e.g. 产品的设计应迎合各种品位。 The designs of the product usually cater for all tastes.

15 make compensation for sb. 's losses 补偿某人的损失 compensation trade 补偿贸易
3. compensate v. make a suitable payment, give something to make up 赔偿，补偿 为……向某人赔偿 compensate sb. for sth n. compensation 赔偿，补偿 make compensation for sb. 's losses 补偿某人的损失 compensation trade 补偿贸易 e.g. 由于延迟装运导致的损失你方负责赔偿。 You will compensate us for the losses resulting from your delay of shipment. 遭受损失一方对运输途中受损害的货物获得5,000美元的赔偿。 The party suffered losses received $5000 as a compensation for the damaged goods in transit.

16 4. do your utmost try one’s best竭尽所能，做最大的努力 e.g. 我们会尽力进一步发展我们之间的贸易的。
We’ll do our utmost to further develop the trade between us. e.g. 我方尽最大努力按合同规定的日期装运货物。 We shall do our utmost to ship the goods at the date agreed in the contract. To one’s utmost 到极点 To the utmost of this firm’s financial power 尽财力所及 At the utmost 至多 e.g.至多我们可以订购3,000箱。 At the utmost, we can place an order for 3,000 cases.

17 5. alternative n. choice between two things 二者择一, 另一选择
adj. alternative 二者人选其一的，另外一个 alternative way 另一方法 e.g.将货物运至你方港口有两种方法。 There is an alternative way to ship the consignment to your port.

18 6. transshipment n. change of shipment 转船
v. transship 将…转船 e.g. 货物已载入一艘内河轮船上。 The cargo has been transshipped into a river steamer. partial shipment and transshipment分批装运和转船 分批装运的表达： in installment 分批 in lots 分批 in one installment 整批 in three installments 分3批 in three equal installments 分3批平均装运 in three equal monthly installments 分3批每月平均装运 ship the goods in three equal lots分三次均匀 ship the goods in three lots during May/June5月、6月分三次装运 转船的表达：ship via transship via/at with transshipment via/at time of shipment装运期 其规定方法：shipment during December 2005 shipment not later tan 25th December 2005 shipment with …days after receipt of L/C 6. transshipment n. change of shipment 转船 e.g. 货物已由“东风”号航轮启运，在青岛由“胜利”号航轮转运。 The cargo has been shipped on s.s “Dongfeng” for transshipment at Qingdao onto s.s “Victory”. cargo transshipment 货物转运 v. transship 将……转船 e.g.为保证及时交货，如果没有直达班轮，我们将转船。 No direct liner are available, we shall transship the goods to ensure timely delivery.

19 7. via prep. by way of 经由 e.g.无直达船致你方港口，我方必须经温哥华转船。 There are no direct steamers to your port, we have to transship the goods via Vancouver. 我方将从伦敦经多佛尔将货物运至费城。 We shall ship the goods from London to Philadelphia via Dover. sent the letter via airmail 通过空邮寄 via Shanghai 经由上海 travel via London 取道伦敦的旅行

20 Shipping Advice装货通知 In international trade the buyer sometimes send the shipping instructions to the seller. Sometimes the buyer will write to the seller for informing the seller of effecting shipment in case of shipment delay. After the shipment of the goods, the seller will send the buyer the Shipping Advice to inform the buyer he related shipment details, the contents of which are as follows: The date of shipment 装运日期 The shipped goods 装运的货物 The way of shipment 装运方式

21 Useful Expressions date of shipment 装运日期 date of delivery 交货日期
port of loading (port of shipment) 装货港（装运港） port of discharge (port of destination) 卸货港（目的港） transshipment 转船 partial shipment 分批装运 shipping marks 唛头 freight 运费

22 Shipment 装运 TEXT Arm yourself Main points Make yourself skilled TEXT

23 3. Main points Specimen 1 Pressing for shipment
a. referring to the goods and no news of shipment b. asking for shipment and giving the reason---the urgent need of the goods c. expectation of delivery

24 Chinese Version 信件一 敬启者：
关于我方第918号订单项下的200件棉织T恤衫，我方20天前已寄给你方不可撤销的即期信用证。但是我方还未从贵公司收到任何关于运输的消息。 由于销售季节很快来临，我方市场需求很大，装运方面的任何延迟都会给我方带来很大困难。如果货物不能及时在市场上销售以迎合用户的需求，我们先前的所有努力都是无意义的。 提请你方注意的是：根据合同规定，由于交货延迟引起的任何损失由你方赔付。目前，你方当务之急是尽最大努力立即发货。 对你方的合作提前表示感谢。 谨上

25 3. Main points Specimen 2 Asking for Transshipment
a. receipt of letter b. stating the reasons for delay of shipment c. proposal of shipment d. expectation of reply

26 信件二 敬启者： 事由：关于918号 200件针织棉T恤衫的定单 我方已收到贵方11月20日的来信，询问上述货物的确切装运信息。 由于从上海到目的港直达班轮稀少，我方仍等待本地航运公司有关舱位回复。坦白地说，我方在订舱方面有些困难，希望贵方能理解我方处境，我方尽最大能力在相关信用证到期之前装运货物。我们会尽早电告我方努力的结果。 另外一个方案是转运货物。如果你方允许我方在香港转船，我方保证货物将及时到达贵方港口。那样的话，就要相应修改信用证了。 请尽快给予回复。 谨上

27 Urging Shipment Dear Sirs,
As regards our Order No.110 for 20,000 boxes of Moon Cake, up to now, we received nothing from you about its shipment. We, therefore, write to urge you for executing shipment as contracted. Since this is a kind of seasonable goods, our customers are in urgent need of the whole lot to be ready for the selling season. If the goods can not be put on the market on time, the goods quality and competitive price would mean nothing. Please see to it that the goods will reach us as soon as possible. Thank you in advance of your cooperation. Yours faithfully, (Signature) Shanghai Foodstuffs Imp. & Exp. Co.

28 A Reply Dear Sirs, We confirm having received your letter of 20th June for 20,000 boxes of Moon Cake. But we regret very much that our delay in shipment and shipping advice has caused you inconvenience. The subject goods have been on board S/S Red Star , which is estimated to leave here on or before June 30th, 2004. We do hope the goods will reach you in perfect condition and expect further business between us. Yours faithfully, (Signature) Singapore Overseas Co.

29 Asking for Transshipment and Partial Shipment
Dear Sirs, Order No.1004 for 500 Cases Toys Reference is made to your letter dated March 5th. We regret being unable to ship the captioned goods as required. Since the selling season is approaching, we are heavily committed at present. We can hardly get the whole lot ready within half a month. Also, the shipping space has been fully booked up to the end of next month. So we would suggest that you allow us to ship the half of the goods via Hong Kong, which will not result in any

30 delay in your receiving the goods if you confirm at your earliest convenience.
Thank you in advance for your kind cooperation. Yours faithfully, (Signature) China National Toy Import & Export Corporation

31 A Reply Dear Sirs, We received your request for transshipment and partial shipment yesterday. This will put us to too much trouble. But it seems that I have no other choice but to accept it. As far as I know, the Royal Shipping Agent Co., Ltd. has a liner sailing from Hong Kong to San Francisco around mid-March. If you could manage to catch this vessel, everything will be all right. We are awaiting your early reply! Yours faithfully, (Signature)

32 Shipment 装运 TEXT Arm yourself Main points Make yourself skilled TEXT

33 4. Make yourself skilled I. Basic Training
Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions: 1) All the products shall cater _________ the requirements of the customers’. 2) Any delay _________ shipment will cause us unexpected expenses. 3) The goods _________ question will be shipped on board S.S Merry Captain soon. 4) Please send the goods needed in time so that we can put them _________ the market. for in in on

34 6) Please fulfill the order _________ earliest convenience.
5) The seller shall compensate _________ all the losses incurred owing to the negligence before delivery. 6) Please fulfill the order _________ earliest convenience. 7) We are involved _________ no small difficulties. 8) We may inform you all the time of the development _________ our end. 9) We have some difficulty _________ obtaining the import license. 10) If you allow transshipment _________ Hong Kong, you can get the goods in time. for at in at in via/at

35 II. Improving Training Translate the following sentences into English:
很抱歉我们无法在半个月内发货，因为停靠我方港口的班轮很少。 (dispatch, far and few between) 装运方面的任何延误都会给我们带来不便。(delay in, involve…in) 销售季节日益临近， 但我方还未收到任何关于装船的消息。(approach) 根据合同规定，由于运输延迟而造成的损失由你方赔偿。(as requested, compensate) It is regrettable that we are not in a position to deliver the goods within half month, because the steamer to our port are few and far between. Any delay in shipment will involve us in inconvenience. The sales season is approaching, we have not received any information about shipment. According to the stipulation in contract any losses arising from delay of shipment will be compensated by you.

36 请电告，是否允许转船。（transshipment）
由于这批货物涉及数量大，请尽力安排装运。(involve, do one’s utmost ) 我们会很快装运以使你方将货物投放市场。（on the market） 我们发运给你方的货物会满足你方客户的需要。（dispatch, cater for） Please cable us whether you allow transshipment. Because of the large quantity involved in this shipment, please do your utmost to arrange shipment. We will ship the goods immediately so that you can put the goods on the market. The goods we dispatched to you will cater for the requirements of your customers.

37 III. Letter-writing practice
Write a letter including the following: no news of shipment in urgent need of the machines impossible to extend L/C again L/C expires on 20th August Expectation of shipping advice

38 Dear Sirs, Re: Contract no Referring to our previous letters and cables we wish to call your attention to the fact that up to the present moment no news has come from you about the shipment under the captioned contract. As you have been informed in one of our previous letters, the users are in urgent need of the machines contracted and are in fact pressing us for assurance of an early delivery. Under the circumstances, it is obviously impossible for us to again extend L/C No , which expires on 20th August, and we feel it our duty to remind you of this matter again. As your prompt attention to shipment is most desirable to all parties concerned, we hope you will let us have your telegraphic shipping advice without further delay. Yours faithfully,

39 More exercises 1. Translate the following sentences into English.
1) 我们没法取得舱位，所以要求转运。（obtain shipping space） 2) 另一种方法就是我们将货物分批装运。（alternative） 3) 有时因为在生产国找不到合适的装港，我们不得不转船。(transship) 4) 第E493号合同和第2864号信用证项下3 000台彩电到目前为止，仍未收到任何装船消息。这给我们带来很大麻烦。(involve in) We cannot obtain the shipping space, so we ask for transshipment. An alternative is to make partial shipment. Sometimes, we have to make a transshipment because there is no suitable loading port in the producing country. We haven’t received any news about shipment of 3,000 sets color TV under contract No. E493 and No. 2864, which involve us in big trouble.

40 5) 据我所知，在香港转船期间有货物被盗或损坏的风险。(transship)
7) 开往你地的轮船非常稀少，我们很难在直达轮上订到舱位。 （few and far between，direct liner） 8) 我方用户希望收到令人满意的货物。（end-user） So far as I know, there are risks of pilferage or damage to the goods during transshipment in Hong Kong. We have been able to transship S.E. Asian-bound cargoes via Hong Kong without mishap. As the steamer to your port is few and far between, it is difficult for us to book shipping space on a direct line. Our end-users hope to receive goods to their satisfaction.

41 Sum Up 1) Advising shipment, typical expressions such as:
We shipped the goods on the direct steamer which will sail for your port only around the 20th this month. 我们已将货物装上直达轮，将于本月20日驶往你港。 We arrange the goods to be shipped in two lots during April to June. 我们安排4月至6月分两批装运货物。 We have booked shipping space on s.s “May Flower”, ETA (estimated time of arrival；预计到达时间) December 3. 我们已在“五月花”轮上订好舱位，预计到达时间是12月3日。

42 2) Asking for prompt shipment, typical expressions such as：
As the season is rapidly approaching, our buyers are badly in need of the goods. We shall be very much obliged if you will effect shipment as soon as possible, thus enabling them to catch the brisk demand at the start of the season. 由于销售季节很快就要到了，我方买主急需货物。如你方能尽快装运，以便他们能赶在销售季节之初赶上旺盛的需求，我们将非常感激。 We would like to emphasize that any delay in shipping our booked order will undoubtedly involve us in no small difficulty. 我们想强调，装运我方所订货物任何延误将毫无疑问会给我们带来不小的困难。

43 3) Asking for transshipment or partial shipment, typical expressions such as：
The dispatch of the remaining 50 cases of goods with transshipment via Hong kong at the most possible speed facilitate the dispatch of the goods to our customers on time. 尽快装运剩余的50箱货物，允许在香港转运，有利于我们按时将货物发运到客户手中。 If we can ship whatever is ready instead of waiting for the whole lot… 如我方能备好多少货就装运多少，而不是等待整批货物备妥的话…… Shall we ship the first 50 tons in May and the balance in the following month? 我们能否在5月先装运50吨，剩余的下个月装？

44 Write a letter: You have concluded a transaction of Nokia cell phones with a Korean businessman on FOB basis. Now write a letter to give shipping instruction and packing details as follows: 已经向中国远洋运输公司（China Ocean Shipping Company）订妥舱位。 装船的具体事宜移交给轮船公司代理，请与他们接洽。 唛头要求如下：在外包装上刷上我公司的首字母缩写“HW”，目的港，订单号和件号。 希望准时装船。

45 Dear Sirs, We confirmed having concluded the transaction of 1000 Nokia cell phones on FOB basis. We are writing to inform you of the shipment of our goods. The name and address of your company are given to China Ocean Shipping Company who is designated as our agent. We have booked shipping space on s. s Fanyang”. For further instruction, please contact our shipping company who will arrange shipment. Please note that when you make shipping marks, our initials “HW”, port of destination, order number and package number shall be stenciled on outer packing. The goods are in urgent need in our market and we are looking forward to your prompt shipment. Yours faithfully,

46 The End