成才之路 · 英语 外研版 · 选修6 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索.

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1 成才之路 · 英语 外研版 · 选修6 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索

2 Module 2 Fantasy Literature

3 第二课时 Grammar & Everyday English & Reading Practice
Module 2 第二课时　Grammar & Everyday English & Reading Practice 1.1.1　集合的概念

4 课前新知预习 1 课内要点探究 2 巩 固 提 升 4 单元课标语法 3 课后强化作业 5

5 课前新知预习

6 Ⅰ.重点单词 1．报仇，复仇(v.)________ 2．结婚，娶，嫁(v.)________ 3．邪恶的(adj.)________ 4．小屋(n.)________ 5．惩罚(v.)________→惩罚(n.)___________ 6．吸引力，魅力(n.)________ 7．信封(n.)________ 8．有天才的，有天赋的(adj.)________→天才，天赋(n.)________ revenge marry wicked cottage punish punishment appeal envelope gifted gift

7 9．负担，重负(n.)________ 10．快的，迅速的(adj.)________ 11．克服(v.)________→(过去式)________→(过去分词)________ 12．调整(n.)__________→调整(v.)________ 13．(批评等的)对象(n.)________ 14．批评，评论(n.)________→批评(v.)________ 15．(书报的)发行(v.)________→发行(n.)__________ 16．积累，积聚(v.)__________ burden swift overcome overcame overcome adjustment adjust target criticize criticism distribute distribution accumulate

8 17．因此，所以(adv.)________ 18．达到，得到(v.)________ 19．悲哀，伤心，苦难(n.)________ 20．惊叫，大叫(v.)________ thus attain sorrow exclaim

9 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．put a spell________　用咒符镇住 2．(be)associated________ 与……有联系 与……联系在一起 3．appeal________sb. 对某人有吸引力，引 起某人的兴趣 4．(be)restricted________ 限于 5．ahead________ 在……前面 6．look________ over one's shoulder 回头看 7．catch a glimpse________ 瞥见 8．set________ 出发，动身 on with to to of back of out

10 Ⅲ.语法感知 用动词­ing形式改写句子 1．She picked up her bag and left in a hurry. ______________________，she left in a hurry. 2．When he saw the old woman knocked down, the student went up to help her. On______________________________， the student went up to help her. 3．Before he married her, he told her he was in fact poor. Before____________________， he told her he was in fact poor.

11 4．After he had left school, he went to work in a factory.
After__________________， he went to work in a factory. 5．Because the child didn't know what to do, he had to follow his parents' advice. Not________________________， the child had to follow his parents' advice. 答案：1.Picking up her bag 2．seeing the old woman knocked down 3．marrying her 4．leaving school　5.knowing what to do

12 课内要点探究

13 1.revenge 1)vt. & vi. 报仇，复仇；为某事报仇；洗雪(耻辱等)；为某人报仇 revenge an injustice/injury 对受到的冤屈/伤害进行报复 ①He was determined to revenge his dead brother. 他决心替他死去的哥哥报仇。 revenge oneself on sb.＝be revenged on sb. 向某人报仇 ②He swore to revenge himself/be revenged on his enemy. 他发誓要向仇敌复仇。

14 2)n. (1) [U]复仇；报复 Revenge is sweet. (谚语)报仇的滋味是甜的。 (2)[U]复仇的欲望；报复心 in the spirit of revenge 在报复心的驱使下 知识拓展 (1)get/have/take one's revenge(on sb.)(for sth.); take revenge(on sb.)(for sth.)报仇；报复

15 ①They swore to take their revenge on the kidnappers.
他们发誓要向绑架者报仇。 ②They have taken revenge on the thief. 他们已经报复了那个贼。 (2)out of/in revenge(for sth.) 为了报复 Terrorists bombed the police station in revenge for the arrests. 恐怖分子为报复其逮捕行为用炸弹袭击了警察局。

16 即学即用 介词填空 ________the spirit of revenge, he was willing to take any risk to take revenge________the bad man. 答案：In, on

17 2．marry vt. & vi.(与……结婚)，娶，嫁；(牧师)主持……的婚礼，使结婚；使……(与……)结婚；把(女儿)嫁(给……)
①He married a classmate from high school. 他与高中时代的同班同学结了婚。 ②She married young/late in her life. 她早婚/晚婚。 ③Father Brown married them. 布朗神父主持了他们的结婚典礼。 ④He married(off)his daughter to a doctor. 他把女儿嫁给了一名医生。

18 知识拓展 marry sb. 嫁给/娶某人 get married 结婚(强调动作) be married 结婚(指状态) marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人 be married to sb. 和某人结婚 get married to sb. 与某人结婚

19 注意： (1)marry不可与with搭配，marry sb.和某人结婚，嫁给某人，娶某人。 (2)be married与be married to sb.表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 (3)get married与get married to sb.表示动作，不可与延续性时间状语连用。

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21 即学即用 单句改错 (1)My parents have got married for twenty years. __________________________________________________ (2)She was married with a lawyer. 答案：(1)把got改为been　(2)把with改为to

22 3．punish vt. 惩罚，处罚 ①The teacher punished the noisy children by making them stay after school. 老师用放学后留学生的办法惩罚那些吵闹的孩子。 ②You are lucky to escape being punished. 你真幸运，逃脱了惩罚。 ③He was punished for refusing to answer their questions. 他拒不回答他们的问题，因此受到了惩罚。 知识拓展 (1)punish sb. for sth.因某事而惩罚某人 punish...with/by...以……来惩罚…… (2)punishment n. [U]惩罚，处罚

23 即学即用 完成句子 老师因为他考试作弊而惩罚他。 The teacher ________ ________ ________ cheating on the exam. 答案：punished him for

24 4．appeal (1)n.[U]吸引力，感染力 The plan has little appeal for/to me. 这计划对我没有多大的吸引力。 (2)n. 呼吁，恳求(for) We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge. 为建造这座桥，我们呼吁村民捐款。 (3)n. (法律)上诉；诉之(于舆论、武力等)(to) His lawyer decided to take an appeal to a higher court. 他的律师决定向高一级法院上诉。

25 (4)vi. (对人)有吸引力，有魅力，投合，引起兴趣(to)
Does this picture appeal to you? 你对这幅画有兴趣吗？ 知识拓展 (1)make an appeal to sb. for sth.恳求/呼吁某人某事 appeal (to sb.) for sth. 恳求/呼吁某人某事 appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 sth./sb. appeal to sb. (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣 (2)appealing adj. 动人的；媚人的；令人怜悯或同情的

26 即学即用 完成句子 (1)这主意正合玛丽的心意。 The idea ________ ________Mary. (2)他恳求我们的支持。 He________ ________ us for support. (3)对于多数学生来说，这些学科已经失去了吸引力。 These subjects have________ ________ ________for most students. 答案：(1)appealed to　(2)appealed to (3)lost their appeal

27 5．gifted adj. 有才华的，有天赋的 ①The gifted young scientist was much in the public eye. 那位有才华的青年科学家很为人们所注意。 ②Man is the only creature that is gifted with speech. 人类是唯一被赋予语言能力的动物。 单词积累 gift n. 礼物，赠品；天才(赋，资) have a gift for 对……有天赋 a man of many gifts 多才多艺的人 Gifts from enemies are dangerous. [谚]敌人的礼物是收不得的。

28 即学即用 用gifted的相关形式填空 The young man, who is ______， has______for English. 答案：gifted; a gift

29 6．burden (1)n. 负担，重负 The little donkey struggled under its heavy burden. 小毛驴驮着重物艰难前行。 (2)vt. 使负重，装载；烦扰 ①I don't want to burden (＝trouble) you with my problems. 我不想拿我的困难烦扰你。 ②He was burdened with a large bundle of magazines. 他吃力地捧着一大捆杂志。

30 知识拓展 (1)bear a heavy burden 承受重负 be a heavy burden to 对……来说是个巨大的负担 (2)burden sb./sth.with 使某人/某物承受重担 be burdened with 承受着重担

31 即学即用 语法填空 ________(burden) with a large family, poor Jack had to work hard day and night. 答案：Burdened

32 7．adjustment n. 调整 make an adjustment to 调整，适应 ①I've made a few minor adjustments to the seating plan. 我对座次表作了小小的调整。 ②Some adjustments of the lens may be necessary. 可能有必要调节一下镜头。 单词积累 adjust v. 调整，使……适应 He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country. 他很快使自己适应了这个国家炎热的天气。

33 辨析 adapt, adjust, fit, suit 都含“适合、适应”的意思。 (1)adapt指修改或改变以适应新条件。 You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你应该适应新环境。 (2)adjust指“调整、调节”使之适应。 You can't see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes. 你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后，你才看得见。

34 (3)fit多指大小适合，引申为吻合。 The shoes fit me well. 这鞋我穿正好。 (4)suit多指合乎要求、口味、性格、情况。 No dish suits all tastes. 众口难调。

35 即学即用 完成句子 (1)我们不得不对我们的学习计划作些调整。 We had to ______ ______ ______to our study plan. (2)如果这把椅子太高，你可以调整它来适应你。 If the chair is too high you can ________ ________ ________suit you. 答案：(1)make some adjustments (2)adjust it to

36 8．distribute v．(书报的)发行；分发，散布
①The teacher distributed the new books to the students. 老师把新书发给学生们。 ②They had distributed the apples among the pupils. 他们把苹果分给小学生。 ③Some types of plants are widely distributed. 有些植物分布得很广。 知识拓展 distribute sth.to/among sb. 把某物分发给某人 distribution n. 发行，分发，分配，散布

37 即学即用 用distribute和distribution的适当形式填空 (1)The books will be________ free to local schools. (2)The unfair________of wealth has led to many problems. 答案：(1)distributed　(2)distribution

38 9．accumulate v．积累，积聚 ①By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. 她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。 ②Fat tends to accumulate around the stomach. 脂肪常常堆积在腹部。 知识拓展 (1)accumulate wealth 积聚财富 (2)accumulation n. 积累，积聚 the accumulation of money/knowledge/experience 金钱/知识/经验的积累

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40 即学即用 完成句子 当我们积累了越来越多的中英两种语言的区别时，我们就会用英语思维来说英语了。 When we ______ ______ ______ ______such differences between Chinese and English, we will think in English when speaking English. 答案：accumulate more and more

41 10．attain v. 达到，得到 ①I'm determined to attain my purpose at any cost. 我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。 注意：attain常与介词to连用。 ②He tried in vain to attain to fame. 他想出名没成功。 知识拓展 attain one's goal 达到目的 attain to power 得到权利 attain one's ambition 实现抱负

42 辨析 get, obtain，gain和achieve 都含“得到、获得”的意思。 (1)get指以某种方法或手段得到某种东西，如： Did you get my telegram last Sunday? 上星期天你收到我的电报了吗？ (2)obtain是较正式用语，常指通过努力工作、奋斗或请求而得到所需的东西，如： He obtained through practice. 他通过实践获得了经验。

43 (3)gain往往指通过努力或有意识的行动而获得某种有益或有利的东西，如：
I hope you will gain still greater success. 我希望你们能获得更大的成就。 (4)achieve指经过自己的努力而获得成功或达到某种目的，如： He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 他希望尽快达到所有目标。

44 即学即用 用get, obtain, gain和achieve的正确形式填空 (1)He ________ a bad reputation. (2)I ________ permission to go. (3)I have ________ only half of what I hoped to do. (4)There is nothing to be ________ by waiting. 答案：(1)got　(2)obtain　(3)achieved　(4)gained

45 1.fall in love with sb. 爱上某人
I fell in love with her at first sight. 我对她一见钟情。 知识拓展 (1)be in love with sb./sth. 热恋着某人；喜爱某事物 ①They're very much in love with each other. 他们彼此处在热恋中。 ②On seeing the bike, I fell in love with it. 一看见那辆自行车，我就相中了它。

46 注意：fall in love with sb.强调动作，而be in love with sb.强调状态。
(2)(just)for love/for the love of sth. 出于爱好(不计报酬) They're all volunteers, doing it just for the love of the thing. 他们都是自愿的，完全是因为喜欢而做这件事。 (3)give/send one's love to sb.＝give/send sb. one's love 向某人致意 ①Please give your sister my love. 请代我向令妹致意。 ②My parents send their love to you. 我父母问您好。

47 即学即用 单句改错 They have fallen in love for two years since they fell in love with each other at first sight. __________________________________________________ 答案：把fallen改为been

48 2．on＋v.­ing或表示动作的n.　表示“一……就……”
On his arrival, he began to help his mother with housework. ＝On his arriving, he began to help his mother with housework. 他一回来就帮妈妈做家务。

49 知识拓展 “一……就……”的其他表达形式： (1)at＋表示静态的名词 ①At the news, I changed my plan. 一听到这消息，我改变了主意。 ②At the news in today's newspaper that our football team won the match, those boys got excited. 一看到今天报纸上我们球队赢得比赛的消息，那些男孩子都变得兴奋起来。

50 注意：表示动作/动态的词有：arrival“到来”，return“返回/回来”，graduation“毕业”等；“一看到”还可用词组at the sight of...来表达。
At the sight of his mother, the little boy cried. 一看到他妈妈，这小男孩就哭了起来。 (2)as soon as As soon as I see him, I'll tell him the matter. 我一见到他就把这事告诉他。 (3)the moment/minute/second/instant... I recognized her the moment/minute/second/instant I saw her. 我一眼就认出是她。

51 (4)immediately/instantly/directly...等可充当连词结构的副词
①Tell me instantly he arrives. 他一到你就告诉我。 ②I recognized her immediately I saw her. 我一看见她就认出她来了。

52 (5)Hardly/Barely/Scarcely...when...
No sooner...than.... ①Hardly had he reached there when he fell ill. 他一到那里就病倒了。 ②No sooner had they got to the cinema than the film began. 他们一到影院，电影就开始了。 注意：以上两种固定句式中，主句用过去完成时及倒装语序。

53 即学即用 句型转换 On seeing his mother, the little boy jumped with joy. →________ ________ ________ the little boy saw his mother, he jumped with joy. →________ ________ the little boy saw his mother, he jumped with joy. →________ ________ the little boy seen his mother ________ he jumped with joy.

54 →________ ________ ________ the little boy seen his mother ________ he jumped with joy.
答案：As soon as; The moment; Hardly had; when; No sooner had, than

55 3．be associated with与……有联系，与……联系在一起
①She will ever be associated with the women's lib. 她将永远和女权运动联系在一起。 ②I do not want to be associated with it at all. 我根本不想与这事有牵连。

56 知识拓展 (1)associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起 associate with 与……交往 associate oneself with 与……交往 I don't want to associate myself with them any more. 我不愿再和他们交往了。 (2)in association with与……联合，联手

57 即学即用 完成句子 (1)大多数人把这个品牌和优质联系在一起。 Most people ______ this brand ______ good quality. (2)他的问题和酗酒有关。 His problems ________ ________ ________ heavy drinking. 答案：(1)associate; with　(2)are associated with

58 4．ahead of (1)在……之前 The production plan was fulfilled ahead of time. 生产计划提前完成了。 (2)胜过；强于 She was always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她在班上总是遥遥领先。 知识拓展 ahead of time提前 go ahead 前进；(工作等)推进；(催促对方)先请 think ahead事先考虑

59 即学即用 单句改错 Tom was a quick walker and soon got in ahead of the others. __________________________________________________ 答案：去掉in

60 5．set out 出发，动身，启程；陈列，显示；开始(做某事)，着手干；陈述，阐明
①Let's set out before dark. 我们天黑前动身吧。 ②They set out to discover a cure for cancer. 他们开始寻找一种治疗癌症的方法。 ③He sets out his ideas clearly in this article. 他在这篇文章中清楚地表达了自己的观点。

61 知识拓展 set out for动身/出发到…… set out to do＝set about doing sth.开始做某事；着手做…… set down 定下，记下 set aside 留出，拨出，把……置于一旁 set back 推迟，延缓，阻碍 set off动身，起程 set up 创立，建立，坚立，架起

62 即学即用 用合适的介词或副词填空 (1)I'll set ________ for Beijing tomorrow. (2)She sets________a bit of money every month. (3)She took out a bank loan and set ________ on her own business. 答案：(1)out　(2)aside　(3)up

63 1.It was only in 1997 that she completed the first Harry Potter story, which, because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the title, was also known as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. 就在1997年，她完成了哈利·波特故事的第一部，由于美国出版商要求调整书名，所以该书也被称为《哈利·波特与魔法石》。 本句是带有强调的复合句。It was only in 1997 that...是强调句型，强调in 1997时间状语，which...引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句中含有以because引导的原因状语从句。

64 强调句型结构为：It is/was＋强调部分＋that/who＋句子的其他部分。这种结构除不能强调动词外，其他成分如主语、宾语、表语、状语都可以强调。
①It is I who/that am right.(强调主语) 正确的人是我。 ②It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.(强调地点状语) 正是在这座公园里汤姆丢了他的手表。 ③When was it that you had the get­together with your classmates? 你和同学们联欢是什么时候？

65 注意： (1)被强调的部分指人时，用who或that皆可。 (2)被强调的部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不用when或where，而要用that。 (3)在强调句中，若去掉It is/was...that/who，句子的成分依然完整，经过还原后仍然是一个完整的正确的句子。

66 知识拓展 (1)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他 (2)强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋其他 ①Was it your son who was admitted into Beijing University? 是你的儿子被北京大学录取了吗？ ②When and where was it that you were born? 你出生于何时何地？

67 高考直击 (2014·湖南改编)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do________makes life happy. 答案： that　考查强调句型。被强调部分是not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do，故用that。

68 即学即用 句型转换 I met John in the street yesterday. →(1)____________________yesterday.(强调主语) →(2)____________________yesterday.(强调地点状语) →(3)________________yesterday？(一般疑问句) 答案：(1)It was I that/who met John in the street (2)It was in the street that I met John (3)Was it you that/who met John in the street

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70 ①We were watching TV when someone knocked at the door.
我们正在看电视这时有人敲门。 ②He was about to leave when the teacher came in. 他正要离开这时老师进来了。 ③Tom had just come back from work when his boss called him. 汤姆刚下班回到家，这时老板给他打电话。

71 知识拓展 when除了作并列连词外，还可以引导时间/让步状语从句呢！ ①How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me? 既然他们不愿意听我说，我又怎么能帮助他们了解呢？ ②When mother came in, John pretended to be sleeping. 当妈妈进来时，约翰假装正在睡觉。

72 即学即用 完成句子 (1)他正要举手，就在那时下课了。 He________ ________ ________ raise his hand________class was over. (2)她正在给她的笔友写信，就在那时灯突然灭了。 She ______ ________ a letter to her penfriend________the light went out.

73 (3)他刚给网友发了封电子邮件电脑就出故障了。
He________ ________ ________ an to his pal on the Internet ________ his computer broke down. 答案：(1)was about to; when　(2)was writing; when (3)had just sent; when

74 3．A moment later, she found that she was standing in the middle of a wood at nighttime with snow under her feet and snowflakes falling through the air. 片刻之后，她发现她正站在晚间的树林中间。积雪踩在脚下，雪片从空中飘来。 句中with snow under her feet是“with＋复合结构”，即“with＋名词＋介词短语”，在句中作状语，表示伴随情况。 ①The teacher came into the classroom, with a book in his hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。

75 ②He is deep in thought, with his head in his hands.
他双手托着头陷入沉思。 知识拓展 “with＋复合结构”的常见形式还有： (1)with＋宾语＋介词短语 The soldiers marched forward, with guns on their shoulders. 士兵们肩上扛着枪，向前行进。(伴随状语) (2)with＋名词＋动词不定式 With nothing to do, I had to go to sleep.(原因状语) 因为没事可做，我只得睡觉。

76 (3)with＋名词＋过去分词 With everything bought, he went home. 一切都买好了，他回家了。(时间状语) (4)with＋名词＋现在分词 With the water running, he went out. 水流着，他就出去了。(伴随状语) (5)with＋名词＋副词 They went out of the room，with the light out. 灯熄了，他们走出房间。(时间状语) (6)with＋名词＋形容词 He used to sleep with the window open.(伴随状语) 他过去常常开着窗户睡觉。

77 即学即用 语法填空 (1)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________(follow) them. (2)With a lot of difficult problems ________(settle), the newly­elected president is having a hard time. 答案：(1)following　(2)to settle

78 4．He had a strange, but pleasant little face, with a short pointed beard and curly hair, and out of the hair there stuck two horns, one on each side of his forehead. 他的脸又小又奇怪但却很好看，胡子很显眼，头发打着卷儿。两只羊角从卷发里穿出来，长在前额的两侧。 本句中there stuck two horns是there be结构的变形，there常与seem, appear, live, stand, come, exist, rise, lie, occur等词连用相当于there be结构 ①There seems to be something wrong with it. 好像有点不大对头。 ②There lies a man on the ground. 地上躺着一个人。

79 即学即用 翻译句子 (1)看来关于这事我们能做得不多。 __________________________________________________ (2)山上有座庙。 答案：(1)There appears to be very little we can do about it. (2)There stands a temple on the hill.

80 单元课标语法

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86 Ⅰ.动词­ing形式作状语的特殊形式： (1)某些介词和动词­ing形式构成短语，在句中作状语，如in, on, after, before, without, besides等。 On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy. 一听到这个消息，所有学生都高兴得跳了起来。 (2)从属连词＋动词­ing形式作状语。出于强调或某种表达需要的考虑，可在分词前加上when, where, though, before等连词。 Though working very hard, he couldn't make enough money to pay off his debt. 尽管他非常努力地工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱来还清债务。

87 (3)英语中有些动词­ing形式，如generally speaking, judging from, talking of
(3)英语中有些动词­ing形式，如generally speaking, judging from, talking of...(谈到……)，supposing等，它们作状语时的逻辑主语可以和句子主语不一致。这种形式已经成为固定结构了。 Supposing he is ill, who will do the work? 假如他病了，谁来做这项工作呢？ Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. 一般来说， 男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。

88 注意：分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因或条件。
Night coming on(＝When night came on), we started for home. 夜幕降临，我们动身回家了。 So many people being absent(＝As so many people were absent), they decided to put the meeting off. 这么多人不在，他们决定会议延期举行。

89 Weather permitting(＝If weather permits), we'll go there on foot.
如果天气允许，他们就步行到那里。 提示：现在分词与动名词形式一致但用法有区别，可把二者叫作动词的­ing形式，做题时一定要区别对待，认真分析。

90 Ⅱ.动词­ing形式作状语的难点突破： 1．动词­ing形式一般式与完成式作状语时的区别。 (1)动词­ing形式的一般式表示与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生的一个主动的动作。 The students left the classroom，laughing and talking. 学生们说笑着离开了教室。(表示动作同时发生) Hearing the news，we jumped with joy. 听到消息，我们高兴地跳起来。(表示动作几乎同时发生)

91 (2)动词­ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
Having finished his homework，he went home. 完成作业后，他就回家了。(表示动作的完成) 2．动词­ing形式的被动式、完成被动式与动词­ed形式作状语时的区别。 (1)动词­ing形式的一般式的被动式作状语时，表示与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生的一个被动的动作。 Being repaired，the car can't be used now. 车正在被修理着，所以现在不能用。(表示同时发生)

92 (2)动词­ing形式的完成被动式作状语时，表示在谓语动作之前已发生的一个被动的动作。
Having been told that some guests were coming，they got the room ready. 被告知一些客人要来，他们就把房间准备好了。 (表示动作先于谓语动作之前发生)

93 (3)动词­ed形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语一致，动词的­ed形式与其逻辑主语一般是被动关系。
Told many times，he still did not understand the rule. 虽然被告知很多次了，但他还不理解这个规则。(表示动作在谓语动作之前发生) Supported by a young man，the old lady stood up. 被一个年轻人搀扶着，那位年迈的女士站了起来。(表示动作同时发生)

94 3．作结果状语时，动词­ing形式和不定式的区别。
The house prices have been going up，making many people not afford the house. 房价不断上升，致使很多人买不起房子。(表示意料之中的结果) The news reporters hurried to the airport，only to be told the film stars had left. 新闻记者匆忙到达机场，结果却被告知那些电影明星已经离开了。(表示意料之外的结果)

95 高考直击 (1)(2014·湖南改编) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ________(stare)at the night sky. 答案：staring　考查非谓语动词。所填词做伴随状语，与lying的动作同时进行，且与逻辑主语是主动关系，用v­ing的一般式。

96 (2)(2014·天津改编) Clearly and thoughtfully_______(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 答案：written　本句考查的是非谓语动词做状语的用法。句中动词write与句子主语the book构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动。同时过去分词written表示已经完成。

97 (3)(2014·天津改编) Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ________ (find)it didn't fit. 答案：to find　本题考查的不定式做结果状语。在非谓语动词中，不定式常常和only连用，表示意料之外的结果。现在分词doing常常表示意料之中的结果。句意：她很着急地把裙子从包里拿了出来试穿了一下，结果却发现裙子不合适。说明这是意料之外的结果，所以使用不定式。

98 即学即用 语法填空 (1)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired，________(keep) on your feet. 答案：keeping　本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：坐下，艾玛。如果你一直站着的话，只会使你自己更累。此处为非谓语动词作状语，表示条件，动词keep与句子的主语之间为主动关系，表示正在进行的动作，故用现在分词形式。此处相当于一个条件状语从句：You will only make yourself more tired, if you keep on your feet.

99 (2)Do you wake up every morning ________(feel) energetic and ready to start a new day?
答案：feeling　本题考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：你每天早上醒来都精力充沛，准备开始新的一天吗？feeling energetic在句中作伴随状语。 (3)______(gather) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. 答案：Gathering　本题考查非谓语动词。句意：聚集在篝火周围，旅游的人和当地人一起跳舞。根据句子结构可知，此处是现在分词作伴随状语，表示“gather”与“dance”这两动作同时发生。

100 (4)Pressed from his parents, and ________(realize) that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. 答案：realizing　本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：由于来自父母的压力，以及认识到浪费了太多的时间，这个男孩决定不玩电子游戏了。当非谓语动词作状语时，非谓语动词的逻辑主语要和句子的主语保持一致，故realize 的主语也是the boy，且the boy 与realize是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作原因状语。

101 (5)He got up late and hurried to his office，________(leave) the breakfast untouched.
答案：leaving　本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：他起床晚了，急急忙忙去办公室，结果早饭一点没动。现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。 (6)________(judge)by what everyone says about him, he has a good chance of winning. 答案：Judging　judging from是固定的独立结构，意为：从……看来；依照……判断来看。

102 巩 固 提 升

103 Ⅰ.用动词的适当形式填空 (1)________ ________(not recognize) the voice, he refused to give the person his address. (2)________(be) so angry, he couldn't go to sleep. (3)________(hold) guns, the soldiers rushed out. (4)The children went out of the school，________(talk) and ________(laugh)． (5)The fish can eat a man in a few minutes，________(leave) only the bones. 答案：1.Not recognizing　2.Being　3.Holding　4.talking; laughing　5.leaving

104 Ⅱ.句型转换 1．He waved a hello when he saw her. →________ ________，he waved a hello. 2．The old man fell asleep while he was watching TV. →________ ________TV, the old man fell asleep. 3．I must finish all the work before I go home. →________ ________home, I must finish all the work. 4．After he had learned English for three years he went to London. →________ ________English for three years, he went to London.

105 5．As soon as he arrived home, he called up Lester.
答案：1.Seeing her　2.While watching 3．Before going　4.After learning/Having learned 5．On arriving

106 Ⅲ.单项填空 1．Joan ________ John at least for ten years. A．married　　　　　　　　B．married with C．has got married with D．has been married to 答案：D　句意：琼和约翰结婚至少十年了。marry和get married都表示结婚，但都是非延续性动词，不与表示时间段的时间状语连用，故排除A和C；marry不与with搭配，故排除B。 be married表示状态，可以和表示时间段的时间状语连用，因此选D。

107 2．—Did the speaker say anything that ________ to you especially?
—Not really. Actually I slept through his speech. A．appealed B．attached C．adapted D．adjusted 答案：A　考查动词词义辨析。上句句意：演讲者说了引起你兴趣的事了吗？appeal to某物吸引某人的兴趣。其余三项也可与to搭配，但与题意不符。

108 3．He punished the children ________ their carelessness ________ making them pay for the damage.
A．by; for B．with; by C．for; by D．about; with 答案：C　句意：他让那些孩子们赔偿损失，以惩罚他们的粗心大意。punish sb. for sth. by doing sth.因某事通过某方式惩罚某人。

109 4．Mr. Smith gradually ________ a knowledge of the subject.
A．attained B．achieved C．required D．acquired 答案：D　acquire(通过技术、能力、努力或行为)获得；得到；achieve取得(胜利、成功等)，实现(目标等)；attain达到(某年龄、水平、状况等)，取得(成就等)；require要求，需要。

110 5．________ with his father's debt
5．________ with his father's debt. Tom has taken another job during his spare time. A．Burdened B．Burden C．Burdening D．To be burdened 答案：A　句意：由于担负着父亲的债务，Tom在业余时间又干了另一份工作。be burdened with“担负着，为……所累”。根据句意可知原因状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且burden与主语是被动关系，可直接用过去分词作状语。故选A项。

111 6．It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ________ benefits our work most.
A．who B．which C．that D．what 答案：C　考查强调句型。句意：不是我们做了多少而是我们在所做的事情中投入了多少的爱才真正有利于我们的工作。强调句型最大的特点就是能够把其基本结构“it is/was...that”去掉，而且不影响句子的完整性和句意。故选C。

112 课后强化作业 （点此链接）