综合英语教程 1 中国出版集团现代教育出版社 A Comprehensive English Course 1 应用商务英语系列总主编：张海波 A Comprehensive English Course 1 主编： 张海波 综合英语教程 1 Enter 电子教案制作人：张海波 普通高等教育 “ 十二五.

Presentation on theme: "综合英语教程 1 中国出版集团现代教育出版社 A Comprehensive English Course 1 应用商务英语系列总主编：张海波 A Comprehensive English Course 1 主编： 张海波 综合英语教程 1 Enter 电子教案制作人：张海波 普通高等教育 “ 十二五."— Presentation transcript:

1 综合英语教程 1 中国出版集团现代教育出版社 A Comprehensive English Course 1 应用商务英语系列总主编：张海波 A Comprehensive English Course 1 主编： 张海波 综合英语教程 1 Enter 电子教案制作人：张海波 普通高等教育 “ 十二五 ” 规划教材

2 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 2 Sports Unit 4 1. Lead in: Listen, Simulate, Respond, Judge and Complete 2. Key words and phrases: Dictation and Sentence making 3. Reading in depth ： What the World Cup Left to Africa ？ 4. Skimming and scanning: The Long March of China’s Football 5. Language focus: Nouns 6. Skills ： Learning & Study Skills 1 7. Oral training: Topic, Presentation and Interview 8. Extending reading: Causes of Failure in Goals 9. World anecdotes: A Soccer Kid Enter

3 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 3 1.1 Listen & Simulate Directions: Listen to Extract 1 and find out what they are talking about. Put a tick （ √ ） to the sports mentioned in the dialogue, a cross （ × ） if not mentioned, then talk about your favorite sports in class accordingly. 1. Lead In Running ×Bowling × Sailing × Javelin throw × Ping-pong √ Diving × Horse-vaulting × Baseball × High jump √ Boxing √ Football √ Badminton √

4 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 4 1.2 Listen & Respond Directions: Listen to Extract 1 again and then answer the following 5 questions. 1. What sport does the man like most? 2 Does the man often play football? 3. What does the woman think of cycling? 4. Long jump and high jump both are the man’s favorite sports, aren’t they? 5. Why does the woman dislike boxing?

5 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 5 1.3 Listen & Judge Directions: Listen to Extract 2 twice and choose the best answers to the following questions 1) What is rugby in a stranger’s eye? A. It is a play in which men and women throw themselves at one another in pursuit of a ball. B. It is a game in which a group of powerfully built women play with a ball. C. It is a play in which a group of powerfully built men play with a basketball D. It is a game in which a group of powerfully built men throw themselves at one another in pursuit of an oval ball. 2) In what way is rugby also unusual among modern sports besides its disorder? A. In that its origins can not be traced back to a single, creative event. B. In that its origins can be traced back to a single, creative event. C. In that its origins can be traced back to a long time ago. D. In that its origins can be traced back to only a few years ago. 3) Who invented the rugby game? A. A British player B. An American C. A Canadian D. A Russian 4) Why was William Webb Ellis' rash action practically suicidal? A. Because people then didn’t like them to do so. B. Because rash action was thought to be rude. C. Because rash action was not allowed by the rule. D. All the above. 5) When and where was the Rugby Union formed? A. In 1817, in France. B. In 1871, in England. C. In 1971, in America. D. In 1781, in Canada.

6 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 6 1.4 Listen & Complete Directions: Listen to Extract 2 again and fill in the missing words or phrases mentioned in the passage. Rugby Game To a stranger, rugby is a game in which a group of powerfully built men throw themselves at one 1 ） another in pursuit of an oval ball. In fact, this ancestor of modern American and Canadian 2 ） football can seem more like an organized fight than a highly technical sport with a complex set of rules. Apart from its sometimes disordered 3 ） behavior, rugby is also unusual among modern sports in that its origins can be 4 ） traced back to a single, creative event. 5 ） In 1823, during a soccer game at the prestigious Rugby School in central England, one of the players impulsively 6) picked up the ball and ran with it. The way soccer was played in those days, William Webb Ellis' rash action was practically suicidal. But his novel approach 7 ） was taken up by other students, who went on to develop a new style of football. Known as Rugby football, it mainly involved throwing and running with the ball 8 ） rather than kicking it. The game grew in popularity, and in 1871, the Rugby Union was formed in London. 9) It drew up the modern rules for a 15-a-side game using an oval ball. Nowadays, rugby is played in more than 80 countries around the world. As for William Webb Ellis, his spirit lives on.10) His name has been given to the prize awarded to the winners of the quadrennial Rugby World Cup tournament.

7 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 7 2.1 Dictation Directions: Listen to Extract 3. You are going to hear 10 words or expressions on sports. Each one will be repeated twice. You have 10 seconds to write down the word you hear before you get the next one done. 2. Words & Phrases 1weight-lifting6Running Race 2volleyball7400-meter relay 3shooting8triple jump 4fencing9the heel-and-toe walking race 5Swimming10discus throw

8 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 8 2.2 Phrase Collection Directions: Find out at least 10 of noun phrases and verb phrases from Text A. Add as many as you can. One is done for you. orderNoun phrasesorderVerb phrases 0a chilly and harsh June night0lead to 1a great sporting tournament1break down 2the supposed new national spirit2fall together 3the football World Cup3wrestle with 4apartheid oppressors4burst into 5socio-economic inequalities5apply to 6African National Congress6account for 7a turning point7speculate about 8global economic growth8tend to do

9 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 9 2.3 Sentence Making Directions: Make 10 sentences by using the noun phrases or verb phrases you list in the table above. First orally then write them down.

10 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 10 2.4 Match Work Directions: Match the words in Column A with the proper definitions in Column B. Column A [ B ] 1. harsh [ E ] 2. compatriot [ F ] 3. stagger [ I ] 4. cynical [ A ] 5. endure [ C ] 6. oppressor [ H ] 7. hobble [ J ] 8. conflate [ D ] 9. vanquish [ G ] 10. prominent Column B A) bear; tolerate B) severe; unpleasant C) a person or group that treats people unfairly or cruelly D) to defeat someone or something completely E) fellow-countryman F) walk or move unsteadily as if about to fall G) distinguished or important H) to prevent it from going far away ; to walk with difficulty I) unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something J) to combine two or more things to form a single new thing

11 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 11 On a chilly and harsh June night, as hundreds of thousands of his compatriots celebrated the hosting of a great sporting tournament, a young black South African friend found himself in an argument with two white policemen. Words led to blows. He staggered home shaken and thoroughly cynical about the supposed new national spirit so enthusiastically promoted by the world's media. The organisers of the football World Cup can relax: the 2010 fairy tale is intact. This fracas was at the end of the 1995 Rugby World Cup. But the moral of the story endures. Then, the world delighted in “rainbow” South Africa after Nelson Mandela, a year into his presidency, embraced the sport of his apartheid oppressors. His gesture did help to bond Afrikaners to the fledgling nation, but South Africa soon found itself again wrestling with the challenges still hobbling its potential: socio-economic inequalities; 30-40 per cent unemployment; and the tendency of the ruling African National Congress to conflate party and state. In short the joy was ephemeral and the hangover acute. 3. Reading in Depth 3.1 Text A What the World Cup Left to Africa

12 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 12 Now, once again, South Africa is on a high. There is talk of a turning point for Africa, of the vanquishing of Afro-pessimism and even that the continent's long-derided “lion” economies may finally attract a hard look from investors. At a lunch for fund managers, attended by the ever-ebullient President Jacob Zuma, a Zambian businesswoman all but broke down as she told him of her pride as an African in the tournament. “When we fall we fall together, when we stand together... ” she said. The audience burst into applause. These have been thrilling weeks. South Africa has been more united than ever, far more so than in 1995 or at the first democratic elections in April 1994. The processions of fans to stadiums have had a flavour of the Mediterranean Passeggiata. There was none of the impatience that usually marks gatherings in one of the world's more violent societies. But, inspiring as this World Cup has been, should investors see South Africa as the conduit to the next great frontier? A prominent Asian visitor was very impressed by the country's infrastructure. But what of the leadership, he asked? Will it lead? Mr Zuma struck the right tone in his lunch address. Africa should be a new “node of global economic growth” and no longer be seen as a “permanent recipient of aid”. But he now needs to make some brave decisions if South Africa is to help the “lion” economies roar, and the World Cup is not to be an evanescent dream.

13 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 13 In recent years, South Africa's economy has been utterly outstripped by the “southern” giants of China, India and Brazil. It is not just that the ANC needs to apply the same dedication to basic services that it has to building stadiums. It needs fundamental reform: it needs to confront the party cliques who see government as a route to enrichment; it needs to be more open to business; it needs to rethink the economy. With its economy accounting for 27 per cent of sub-Saharan Africa's gross domestic product, South Africa rightly desires to be the continent's hegemon. Yet when analysts speculate about the hot emerging markets of the future they tend first to mention Nigeria, with its 170m people. It is not just that the commodity-dependent South African economy is one-dimensional. It also lacks Nigeria's entrepreneurial dynamism. Partly this is the fault of apartheid which kept most business in white hands. But the ANC retains an apartheid-era distrust of the private sector. 参考译文参考译文 参考译文参考译文

14 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 14 3.2 Work On Text A 3.2.1 Answer the following questions according to this passage you ’ ve just learned. 1)Who had an argument with two white policemen on a chilly and harsh June night? 2) Why did the black man stagger home shaken? 3) In which country was the Football World Cup held in 2010? 4) What usually marks gatherings in one of the world's more violent societies? 5) What is the population of Nigeria ?

15 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 15 3.2.2 Choose the best answers to the following questions according to the passage you ’ ve just learned. 1 When did a young black South African friend find himself in an argument with two white policemen? AOn a cold and hard July night. BOn a hot and harsh June night. COn a warm and harsh day in July DOn a chilly and harsh night in June 2The fracas above happened _____________ according to this passage. Aat the end of the 1995 Rugby World Cup. Bat the beginning of the 1995 Rugby World Cup Cat the middle of the 1995 Rugby World Cup Dnone of the above

16 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 16 3 The sentence “ South Africa is on a high ” means that ____________. ASouth Africa is in a high position BPeople in South Africa become overjoyed CPeople in South Africa grow very tall Dall of the above 4A prominent Asian visitor was very impressed by _____________. Athe country's policy. Bthe country's violence. Cthe country's infrastructure. Db and c 5 According to the author, besides ANC needs to apply the same dedication to basic services that it has to building stadiums ， South Africa needs ______________. Afundamental reform Bto confront the party cliques who see government as a route to enrichment Cto be more open to business and rethink the economy. DAll the above.

17 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 17 3.3 Word Training Direction: Fill in the following blanks with proper words or phrases given. Change the forms if necessary. One is done as a sample permit, who, spare time, hard work, arrive, neither, opportunity, twice, cry, encourage Palestinian Swimmer Beats All Odds Zakia Nassar, the 21-year-old Palestinian swimmer who last week fulfilled her lifelong ambition to compete at the Olympics, deserves a gold medal for her hard work 1. Having had neither 2 a coach nor access to an Olympic-sized pool for the past year, Nassar, who 3 is currently studying dentistry, had no option but to train on her own at a 12m - public pool. The coach Nassar had a year ago left her to her own devices when the 25m-pool in Bethlehem closed down. "There is no pool in Jenin where I am studying," she said. "So I can swim only once or twice 4 a month when I go back to my parents' home in Bethlehem." There is a 50m-pool in nearby Nazareth, but the Israeli government does not permit 5 her to use it. Nassar said it was often embarrassing trying to train at the public pool, with other people swimming and splashing around. "Sometimes people cut across me, and others would get angry when I swam into them. But quite a few made way for me," she said. "I got so depressed sometimes I couldn't help crying 6, but my parents and friends encouraged 7 me, reminding me that I had to keep training if I really wanted to go to the Olympics." It was only when Nassar arrived 8 in China a month ago that she finally got the opportunity 9 to swim in a 50 m-pool and enjoy the benefits of having a coach. When she at last took part in the Games, she swam the 50 min 31.97 seconds, an improvement of 7 seconds on her personal best. Despite her time being good enough only for 79th place, Nassar said it was "the most beautiful moment" of her life. "Participating in a race at the Olympics was a once-in-a-lifetime experience," she said. "It felt like I was flying." But she is not sure if she will go to the next Olympics. "I won't compete unless I've done the right training. But as swimming is in my soul, I'll probably be a coach in my spare time 10," she said.

18 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 18 3.4 Writing Practice 3.4.1Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English. 1 We ’ ll make a plan next week. ( 庆祝你的生日 ) (celebrate) 2But we have had to and have come to some ideas of where the answers lie. （应对这些巨大的挑战） (wrestle with) 3 When I told the joke （每个人都忍不住笑出来） (burst into) 4 ( 他能胜过他的朋友 ) both in sports and in studies. (outstrip) 5 We can only,( 揣测使用如此设计的原因 ) but there are two very obvious ones. (speculate about) We’ll make a plan to celebrate your birthday next week. But we have had to wrestle with the big challenges and have come to some ideas of where the answers lie. When I told the joke everyone burst into laughter. He can outstrip his friend both in sports and in studies. We can only speculate about the reasons for choosing such design, but there are two very obvious ones. 参考答案

19 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 19 3.4.2Write a short passage, titled by Sports and Games. No less than 100 words. Sports and Games Millions of people in the world take part in various kinds of sports. Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation for almost everyone. Some seem to think that sports and games are unimportant things that people do at times when they are not working. But in fact sports and games can be of great value, especially to people who work with their brains most of the day. They should not be treated only as amusements. Sports and games build our bodies, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us healthy. They also give us valuable practice in helping the eyes, brain and muscles to work together. Sports and games are also very useful for character-training. In their lessons, boys and girls may learn about such virtues as unselfishness courage disciple and love of one's country, but what is learned in books can not have the same deep effect on a child's character as what is learned through practice. Most of students' time is spent in classes, studying lessons. So what the students do in their spare time is of great importance. If each of them learns to go all out for his team and not for himself on the sports field, he will later find it natural to work for the good of society, for the good of his country.

20 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 20 4. Skimming & Scanning 4.1 Text B The Long March of China’s Football China may be the world's most populous country, and it won the most gold medals at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. But its prowess at soccer is lamentable. China is ranked 84th in the sport's world standings. Chinese are huge soccer fans, and hundreds of millions are expected to tune in to the World Cup, with all the matches broadcast live on public TV. But the Chinese won't have their own team to root for. "Chinese have a reputation of being good at math, but they have trouble explaining why a population of 1.3 billion cannot produce a winning 11-member soccer team," said Xu Guoqi, a history professor at the University of Hong Kong. Journalists and soccer fans offer a number of reasons, most often money issues, politics, corruption and culture, and sometimes a combination of the four. Even though China now boasts wealthy companies and individuals who could sponsor teams, there is little support as long as Chinese teams are perceived as perennial losers. "This is a very bad circle," Ma said. "No results, no money. No money, no results."

21 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 21 参考译文 Few Chinese children are playing soccer. Some sports journalists and fans attribute the lack of interest partly to schools de-emphasizing sports in general and the lack of playing venues in the country's dense urban areas. "What can Chinese kids do?” said Fan Huiming, 61, a Chinese soccer fan who grew up watching matches at Beijing's Workers' Stadium, which was built in 1958 near his childhood home. "If they play soccer, the ball may fly directly into the glass of someone's home.“ For young people, soccer has largely been eclipsed by basketball, thanks in part to Chinese NBA players who are treated like rock stars. Journalists and fans say NBA's aggressive campaign of marketing and merchandise in China has helped swell the popularity of basketball. By comparison, they noted that international soccer does not even have an office in China. Rowan Simons, a Briton who came to China more than two decades ago and discovered he wasn't able to play weekend soccer, has been on a campaign to popularize the sport here. Simons said the main problem is that soccer elsewhere has traditionally started as a series of neighborhood clubs, but in China, "there's virtually no football at community level". "Football in China can only succeed if it's a grass-roots activity organized by the people," he said.

22 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 22 4.2 Work On Text B 4.2.1 Choose the best answers to the questions according to what you ’ ve learned from this passage. 1Where was 2008 Olympic Games held? AIn South Korea. BIn China. CIn South Africa DIn England. 2What is the rank of China football team in the sport's world standings ? AIt is ranked 50th. BIt is ranked 10th. CIt is ranked 84th. DIt is ranked 70th. 3 What is the best reason why a population of 1.3 billion cannot produce a winning 11-member soccer team? AMoney issues. BPolitics. CCorruption and culture. DA combination of the above.

23 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 23 4 Who attribute the lack of interest partly to schools de-emphasizing sports in general and the lack of playing venues in the country's dense urban areas? ASome sports journalists and fans. BSome politicians and journalists. CPeople all over the country. DYoung people and the government. 5Which of the following statements is Not True according to this passage? A China ’ s Basketball has greatly eclipsed its soccer. BBeijing's Workers' Stadium was built in 1958. C Football in China can only succeed if it's a grass-roots activity organized by the people. DThe international soccer has had an office in China since 1988.

24 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 24 4.2.2Match the words in Column A with the proper definitions in Column B. Column AColumn B [ F ] 1. populousA) regard sth as belonging to [ I ] 2. prowessB) advertising activities [ G ] 3. lamentableC) make (sb/sth) appear dull by comparison [ J ] 4. boastD) become greater in intensity, number, amount or volume; improve [ H ] 5. perennialE) strong; forceful [ A ] 6. attributeF) having a large population; densely populated [ C ] 7. eclipseG) unsatisfactory or disappointing [ E ] 8. aggressiveH) lasting for a long time [ B ] 9. campaignI) outstanding skill or ability [ D ] 10. swellJ) talk with too much pride and satisfaction

25 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 25 4.3 Translation 4.3.1Directions: Put the following sentences into Chinese. 1)China may be the world's most populous country, and it won the most gold medals at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. But its prowess at soccer is lamentable. 2) Even though China now boasts wealthy companies and individuals who could sponsor teams, there is little support as long as Chinese teams are perceived as perennial losers. 3)Few Chinese children are playing soccer. Some sports journalists and fans attribute the lack of interest partly to schools de-emphasizing sports in general and the lack of playing venues in the country's dense urban areas. 4)For young people, soccer has largely been eclipsed by basketball, thanks in part to Chinese NBA players who are treated like rock stars. 5)Simons said the main problem is that soccer elsewhere has traditionally started as a series of neighborhood clubs, but in China, "there's virtually no football at community level". 中国大概是世界上人口最多的国家，也是新兴体育大国 —— 在北京奥运会上 获得最多金牌。 尽管中国声称资金雄厚的公司和个人赞助球队，但只要中国球队被认为是扶不起的 阿斗，那就得不到许多赞助。 很少中国孩子踢足球，一些记者和球迷认为，这在一定程度上是由于学校普遍不重视 体育所致，另外则与中国的密集城区缺少足球场有关。 对中国年轻人而言，足球与篮球相比黯然失色。在 NBA 打球的中国球员被像摇滚明 星一样追捧。 他认为主要问题是其他国家传统上都从社区俱乐部做起， “ 而在中国，实际上并没 有社区基础足球。 参考答案

26 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 26 4.3.2 Find out the errors in each of the following sentences. Then correct them by rewriting the sentences. 1He has become so fat because he eat a lot of meats everyday. Rewrite 2There are six knifes and a few bottle of waters on the table. Rewrite 3Tom and Jim are good friend and both is in the same classes. Rewrite 4 Many childrens now do many shopping online without being allowed by their parent. Rewrite 5My sister has three watchs. One is old, another is new and the three is lost Rewrite There are six knives and a few bottles of water on the table. Tom and Jim are good friends and both are in the same class. Many children now do a lot of shopping online without being allowed by their parents. My sister has three watches. One is old, another is new and the third is lost. 参考答案 He has become so fat because he eats a lot of meat every day.

27 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 27 5. Language Focus English language has two numbers,—singular and plural. The singular number denotes that one thing is spoken of; the plural, more than one. Here is the table for rules of plural nouns: Number of Nouns Caseformationpronunciationsample In general-s/s/ after voiceless consonants map-maps /z/ after voiced consonants and vowels bag-bags car-cars Ended with s, sh, ch, x-es/iz/bus-buses watch-watches Ended with ce,se,ze, (d)ge -s/iz/license-licenses case-cases knowledge-knowledges Ended with f, fe-ves/vz/ leaf — leaves life--lives Consonant ended with yturn y into i and then plus -es /iz/baby---babies lady--ladies

28 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 28 5.1 Tell which of the following nouns are countable or uncountable, then write down their plural forms. 1business businesses website websites 2work company companies 3juice woman women 4bread radio radios 5information potato potatoes

29 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 29 5.2 For each of the following sentences, change the subject of the verb to the plural, and change the verb so that it agrees with its subject. One is done as a sample. 1The sheep has been sheared.The sheep have been sheared. 2The man was being given directions.The men were being given directions. 3The woman has never visited us.The women have never visited us. 4The mouse makes a great deal of noise at night. The mice make a great deal of noise at night. 5The gentleman would like to have breakfast early. The gentlemen would like to have breakfast early. 6Your foot is size ten.Your feet are size ten. 7The fisherman has had a good season.The fishermen have had a good season. 8My tooth needs to be filled.My teeth need to be filled. 9The deer is eating the hay.The deer are eating the hay 10The policewoman was directing traffic.The policewomen were directing traffic. 0The ox was being led to the barn.The oxen were being led to the barn.

30 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 30 5.3 Multiple choice 1 She was eager to make some extra money, since during these years she could hardly live on her_______. A ． little wage B. few wage C. wage D. wages 2 Please write the answers to the questions at the end of ______. A. eighth chapter B. chapter eight C. eight chapter D. chapter the eight 3 ______ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourself. A.Three minutes call B.Three-minute call C. A three-minutes call D. A three-minute call 4 He invited all of his ______ to join his wedding party. A. comrade-in-arms B. comrades-in-arms C. comrades-in-arm D. comrade-in-arm 5 All the ______ in the hospital got a rise last month. A. women doctors B. woman doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctor 6 After ten years, all these youngsters became_____. A. growns-ups B. growns-up C. growing-up D. grown-ups 7 The room was small and contained far too ______. A.much new furniture B. much new furnitures C.many new furniture D. many new furniture 8 He told me _____ would come to his birthday party. A. many Jack friends B. many Jack ’ s friend C. Jack ’ s many friends D. many friends of Jack ’ s 9 Computers can do ______ work in a short time, but a man can not do ______ by himself. A. great many … many B. much … a great deal of C. a great deal of … much D. many … a great many 10 She didn ’ t know _____ he had been given. A. how many information C. how many informations C. the number of information D. how much information

31 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 31 6. Learning & Study skills 1 Start Here Speed Reading With the volumes of information we have to digest every day, from the newspaper in the morning, to the long-winded emails from well-meaning colleagues, and all the reports, proposals, periodicals, and letters we are sent, reading is one of the most used skills we possess. It's also a skill that most of us take for granted by the time we reach the age of eleven or twelve. After all, it seems that if you can read and comprehend textbooks, you must be a good reader. Unlike most other skills which we try to become better and better at, reading is one that people don't think about as much as they should. Given the time that reading consumes in our daily lives, it is actually a skill that we can, and should, improve upon. But what does becoming a better reader involve? In short, getting faster and more efficient at it, while still understanding what you're reading in sufficient detail. The best starting point for doing this is to unlearn poor reading habits, Speed reading is not magic. It is a skill that can be learned and it mostly involves breaking the poor reading habits that you have developed since school. Simply becoming a faster reader is not the point either: You want to become a more efficient reader. There are some great techniques to use when practicing speed reading including reading blocks of works and breaking out of the habit of sub- vocalization. Whichever techniques you apply, you must always be aware of the purpose of your reading and decide whether speed reading is the most appropriate approach. When applied correctly and practiced diligently, speed reading can significantly improve your overall effectiveness as it frees up your precious time and allows you to work more efficiently in other areas as well.

32 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 32 7. Oral Training Topics for Discussion 7.1 Directions: Work in pairs and discuss the following topics in turns. Choose one or two of them. 1. My favorite sport 2. A sport star 3. A football match 4. 2008 Beijing Olympic Games 5. Life lies in movement

33 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 33 Presentation Training 7.2 Directions: Describe each of the following pictures in pairs by using your imagination. Torch relayYao MingCome on China!

34 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 34 Interviewing Training 7.2 Directions: Student A and Student B are in the same class. On the way to the dining room, they are talking about exercises. Complete the talk according to some necessary Chinese Tips given on the right. Chinese Tips Woman: Jack, what kind of exercises do you like to do? 问喜欢什么锻炼项目 Man: Well, I love to do push-ups and I go cycling every day. Woman: What else do you do? 还喜欢其它什么运动 Man: : Swimming, jogging, playing football. 游泳、慢跑、踢足球 Woman: Wow! That sounds great. How often do you go jogging? Man: At least one hour a day. 每天至少一小时 Woman: That’s a good habit. Man: What’s your favorite sport, then? 反问对方所钟爱的运动 Woman: None. Except sleeping. Man: What? Are you joking? 表示惊讶，说对方是在开 玩笑 Woman: No, I’m serious. Man: What a pity! But you should do some exercise to keep fit. Woman: Yes, I will, from now on. 表示赞同，决心从现在做 起

35 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 35 8. Extending Reading Directions: The following article is chosen just for your homework in order to expand your knowledge on sports. Try to get the main idea of this article with the help of dictionaries afterwards. Causes of Failure in Goals After every World Cup team had played once, scoring remained at historical lows in the tournament. The 32 teams combined for just 25 goals in the first 16 games of the Cup, a rate of 1.56 goals per game. That's well down from 2.44 goals in the first 16 games at the 2006 World Cup, and 2.88 goals in 2002. Overall in the Cup's first 16 games, teams took 410 shots, but just 106 of them were on target, according to ESPN's stats. That's a rate of 26%. In the first 16 games in 2006, there were 435 shots--barely more than this year. But 44% of them were on target. That percentage held for the entirety of the 2006 tournament. Errant shooting appears to be the decisive factor in the low-scoring start to the Cup. Of the shots on goal in teams' first games this year, 23% found the back of the net--slightly higher than the rate of 20% in the first 16 games last year, and the 18% mark for the tournament overall. This year's rate also is in line with the 23% of shots on goal that were scores in 2002. What might explain all the misfires? Here are some possible explanations:

36 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 36 The ball. Some players have complained about it, and it does seem like an inordinate number of shots are sailing over the woodwork (perhaps because of the altitude, not the ball). But players must adjust to the ball at each World Cup, and an unpredictable flight can affect goalies as well as shooters. Lack of scoring talent. Perhaps players are shooting poorly because they are poor shooters. If that were the case, though, we might also expect scoring to be down in other top competitions. Yet during the 29 games in the knockout stage of this year's Champions League - the premier European club tournament, featuring most of the world's best players--teams scored 82 goals, compared to 59 in the equivalent 29 games in 2006. Stat-keeping quirks. Whether a shot is on target is a judgment call, one different scorers make differently. For instance, while ESPN recorded 25 shots for Spain, five of them on goal, in its game against Switzerland on Wednesday, those numbers were 24 and eight, respectively, according to FIFA, the tournament organizers. Similarly, while ESPN had nine shots for the Swiss, two of them on target, FIFA had eight and three, respectively. That adds up to big differences: FIFA has an overall shooting percentage - the term I'll use for percentage of shots that are on goal, whether or not they go in - for the first 16 games of 33%, compared to 26% of shots on target by ESPN's count. (It's possible this is because FIFA doesn't count blocked shots as shots.) Similarly FIFA had an overall shooting percentage of 48% in 2006, compared to 44% for ESPN. However, they corresponded closely in 2002. And both data sources agree that there was a big drop between last year and this year, and that the shooting percentage in the first 16 games in 2006 was 44.

37 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 37 A statistical fluke. As the Montreal Canadians demonstrated during their run deep into the NHL playoffs, and the Capitals did with their early exit, some teams shoot at surprisingly high percentages, and such performances tend not to be sustainable. Perhaps players have been unlucky and will gain their shooting touch in the last three quarters of the tournament. Parity and tactics. Every team has played effective defense at times. The tournament's weakest teams seem to have taken to heart the lesson of Greece, the stunning 2004 champions of Europe, who jammed the box with defenders and stymied high-powered offenses. Just two teams have yielded more than two goals in the first 17 games of the tournament, and both reached that ignominious mark only after losing a player to a red card. One sign that players indeed have been frustrated and pushed to take shots far from the goal: FIFA has recorded 241 shots from outside the penalty area through the first 17 games, compared to 186 shots inside the penalty area. Of the closer shots, 40% were on goal, compared to 27% on the farther shots (the rest were blocked or wide). Equivalent stats for prior tournaments aren't readily available, though, so it's impossible to say if this represents a trend toward shooting from farther away.

38 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 38 9. World Anecdotes A Soccer Kid A one and a half year old Dutch footballer has shot his way to fame and a 10-year professional contract with his local champion's division football club. Baerke van der Meij scored almost a million hits on YouTube after his father Jorg posted a film of the toddler shooting three balls into his toy box last week. The boy and his family are supporters of the Venlose Voetbal Vereniging, or VVV, football team in the city of Venlo where Baerke's grandfather once played as a professional. The toddler joined VVV's star midfielder Ken Leemans during a training session in De Koel Stadium on Tuesday before being offered the “symbolic” contract. ”The toddler's favourite position has not yet been determined. However, we can speak of a right-footed player with a very good kicking technique, perseverance and, importantly: football genes via his grandfather,” said a VVV Venlo press release. 中文对照中文对照 足球小子 一个一岁半的荷兰小子已经踏上了成名之路，他得到了当地一家冠 军球队的分俱乐部的十年职业球员合约。 这个名叫 Baerke van der Meij 小家伙将三个足球连续踢进玩具箱的视 频上周被爸爸上传到 Youtube 之后，获得了超百万的点击量。 小家伙的全家都是荷兰芬洛的文洛足球队（简称 VVV ）的支持者， 当年他的爷爷曾经是这支球队的职业球员。 小家伙周二在德科埃尔球场和芬洛队的球星，中场队员肯 · 莱曼斯进 行了一次训练，之后就拿到了这份 “ 象征性 ” 的合约。

39 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 39 6 月份一个寒冷而喧闹的夜晚，在数十万同胞欢庆南非主办一项伟大的体育赛事之际， 一名年轻的南非黑人与两名白人警察发生了争执。口角之后是拳脚。他摇摇晃晃、步履蹒跚 地走回家，对世界媒体大肆宣扬的所谓的南非新民族精神彻底失去了信心。 足球世界杯 (World Cup) 的组织者无需紧张： 2010 年的童话完美无损。上述争吵发生 于 1995 年橄榄球世界杯 (Rugby World Cup) 即将结束之际。但是这个故事在今天仍有启迪意 义。当时，纳尔逊 曼德拉 (Nelson Mandela) 在就任总统一年后，接过了种族隔离制度压迫者 留下的这项赛事，全世界都为 “ 彩虹国度 ” 南非感到高兴。曼德拉的姿态确实有助于羽翼未丰 的南非获得南非白人的支持，但南非很快发现，自己又面临一系列仍然束缚着其潜力的挑战： 社会与经济的不平等； 30%-40% 的失业率；执政的非洲人国民大会（ African National Congress ，简称非国大）将党国混为一谈的倾向。简言之，欢乐是短暂的，纵情后的头痛是 严重的。 如今，南非再一次飘飘欲仙了。有人说，南非迎来了转折点，非洲悲观主义 (Afro- pessimism) 情绪行将终结，甚至还有人说，非洲大陆长期以来遭到嘲笑的 “ 狮子 ” 经济，或许 终于吸引到了投资者的仔细打量。在一个基金经理午餐会上（与会者包括永远热情洋溢的南 非总统雅各布 祖马 (Jacob Zuma) ），一名赞比亚女商人在向祖马叙述在世界杯比赛中，身 为一名非洲人是多么骄傲时，情绪差点儿失控。她说： “ 跌倒时我们一起跌倒，当我们一起 站起来时 ……” 与会者爆发出了热烈的掌声。 这是激动人心的几周。南非前所未有地团结，远远超过了 1995 年或者 1994 年 4 月份的 首次民主大选。走向球场看台的球迷队伍，有一种地中海漫步 (Mediterranean Passeggiata) 的味道。你丝毫见不到任何急躁的行为 —— 作为世界上暴力文化较浓厚的社会之一，急躁常 常是南非各种集会的标志性特征。 Text A 参考译文 世界杯留给非洲什么？

40 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 40 但是尽管这届世界杯如此鼓舞人心，投资者应该视南非为通向下一个亟待开发重 要领域的通道吗？南非的基础设施给一位著名的亚洲参观者留下了非常深刻的印象。 但领导力如何，他问道？会走在前列吗？ 祖马在午餐演讲中给出了正确基调。非洲应称为新的 “ 全球经济增长节点 ” ，不再被 视为 “ 永久的援助接受者 ” 。但如果南非想帮助 “ 狮子 ” 经济腾飞，不让世界杯成为渐行渐 远的梦想，祖马如今需要作出一些大胆的决策。 近年来，南非经济已经被中国、印度、巴西这些 “ 南部 ” 大国远远地抛在了后面。不 仅是非国大需要像修建体育场那样用心地发展基础服务，而且南非还需要实施根本性 的改革：它需要与视政府为致富途径的党派做斗争；它需要对商业持更加开放的态度； 它需要对经济进行反思。 鉴于南非占到撒哈拉以南非洲地区经济总量的 27% ，南非无疑渴望成为非洲大陆 的霸主。不过，当分析师推测未来热门的新兴市场时，他们首先提及的往往是拥有 1.7 亿人口的尼日利亚。这不仅是因为依赖大宗商品的南非经济比较单一；而且还因为 南非缺乏尼日利亚的企业家活力。这在一定程度上要归咎于让大部分企业掌握在白人 手中的种族隔离制度。但非国大也保留着种族隔离时代对私人部门的不信任态度。 返 回

41 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 41 中国大概是世界上人口最多的国家，也是新兴体育大国 —— 在北京奥运会上获得最多 金牌。但是中国的足球水平却不尽如人意。其国家队世界排名仅列第 84 位。 中国球迷队伍非常庞大，成千上万的球迷都会收看世界杯所有比赛的现场直播。但 是中国球迷却没有自己真正需要支持的球队。 香港大学历史学教授徐国启 ( 音 ) 说， “ 中国人或许以擅长数学著称，但他们很难解释 为什么 13 亿人口却组建不起来一支骁勇善战的 11 人球队 ” 。 记者和球迷给出许多理由，大多数集中在资金、政治、腐败和文化方面，大多数也 是这几个方面构成的综合原因。 尽管中国声称资金雄厚的公司和个人赞助球队，但只要中国球队被认为是扶不起的 阿斗，那就得不到许多赞助。 “ 这是一个怪圈， ” 体育记者马德兴 ( 音 ) 说， “ 没成绩，就没钱。 没钱，就没成绩 ” 。 很少中国孩子踢足球，一些记者和球迷认为，这在一定程度上是由于学校普遍不重 视体育所致，另外则与中国的密集城区缺少足球场有关。 “ 孩子们能做什么呢？ ” 自幼就在北 京工人体育场看比赛的 61 岁球迷范惠明 ( 音 ) 说， “ 如果他们踢球，球可能直接飞到别人家玻璃 上去了 ” 。 对中国年轻人而言，足球与篮球相比黯然失色。在 NBA 打球的中国球员被像摇滚明 星一样追捧。记者和球迷表示 NBA 大力拓展中国市场提高了篮球普及率。相比之下，国际足 联在中国甚至没有一个办事处。 20 多年前来到中国的英国人西蒙斯，发现在周末都不能踢球后，就一直在中国致力 于普及足球运动。他认为主要问题是其他国家传统上都从社区俱乐部做起， “ 而在中国，实 际上并没有社区基础足球。 ” 西蒙斯说， “ 只有民众组织起草根活动后，中国足球才能够成功。 ” 中国足球长征之路 Text B 参考译文 返 回

42 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 42 acute [ə'kju:t] adj. very great; severe 严重的 aggressive [ə' ɡ resiv] adj. apt or ready to attack; offensive; quarrelsome 好斗的；有进取心的；有闯劲的 altitude ['æltitju:d] n. height above sea-level 海拔 ; 高度 attribute [ə'tribju:t, 'ætribju:t] vt. regard sth as belonging to, caused by or produced by sb/sth 把 … 归于；归属 boast [bəust] vt. talk (about one's own achievements, abilities, etc) with too much pride and satisfaction 夸口说，自吹自擂说 campaign [kæm'pein] n. series of planned activities with a particular social, commercial or political aim 战役；活动 compatriot [kəm'pætriət] n. person who was born in, or is a citizen of, the same country as another; fellow-countryman 同国人；同胞 conduit ['k ɔ ndit] n. channel; way; access 通道 conflate [kən'fleit] vt. to combine two or more things to form a single new thing 合并 cynical ['sinikəl] adj. unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something 愤世嫉俗的；冷嘲的 digest [di'd ʒ est, dai-, 'daid ʒ est] vi. become greater in intensity, number, amount or volume change (food) in the stomach and bowels so that it can be used by the body 消化 eclipse [i'klips] vt. (fig 比喻 ) make (sb/sth) appear dull by comparison; outshine 使（某人 [ 某事物 ] ）相形见绌 ; 使黯然失色 Glossary Unit 4

43 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 43 endure [in'djuə] vt. suffer or undergo (sth painful or uncomfortable) patiently 忍耐；容忍 entrepreneurial dynamism 企业家活力 ephemeral [i'femərəl] adj. living, lasting, etc for a very short time 短暂的；朝生暮死的 fracas ['fræk ɑ :] n. noisy quarrel, fight, or disturbance 吵闹；喧噪 hangover ['hæŋəuvə] n. unpleasant after-effects of drinking too much alcohol 宿醉（过量饮酒後的不适反应） harsh [h ɑ : ʃ ] adj. stern; cruel; severe 粗糙的；刺耳的；严厉的；严酷 hobble ['h ɔ bl] vi. walk with difficulty because the feet or legs hurt or are disabled; walk lamely; limp 蹒跚；跛行 intact [in'tækt] adj. undamaged; complete 完整的；原封不动的；未受损伤的 lamentable ['læməntəbl, lə'men-] adj. regrettable; deplorable 可悲的；可怜的；哀伤的 misfire [,mis'faiə] n. fail to have the desired effect; failure 未得到预期的结果 ; 未能奏效 ; 失败 oppressor [ə'presə] n. n person or group that oppresses; cruel or unjust ruler 压制者，压迫者 outstrip [,aut'strip] vt. to do something better than someone else or be more successful 超过；胜过 perennial [pə'reniəl] adj. lasting for a long time; constantly recurring 四季不断的；常年的；常在的；反复的

44 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 44 populous ['p ɔ pjuləs] adj. having a large population; densely populated 人口稠密的；人口多的 presidency ['prezidənsi] n. the presidency (also the Presidency) [sing] office(4) of a president 总统（或董事长、会长、大学校长等）的职位（任期） prominent ['pr ɔ minənt] adj. distinguished or important 突出的，显著的；杰出的；卓越的 prowess ['prauis] n. outstanding skill or ability; expertise 英勇；超凡技术；勇猛 quadrennial [kw ɔ 'dreniəl] adj. happening every fourth year 每四年一次的 quirk [kwə:k] n. habit or action that is peculiar to sb/sth 习惯, 举动 ; 怪癖；借口 stagger ['stæ ɡ ə] vi. walk or move unsteadily as if about to fall (from carrying sth heavy, being weak or drunk, etc) 蹒跚；犹豫 sub-vocalization = read in silent 默读 suicidal [sjui'saidəl] adj. of suicide; likely to lead to suicide 自杀的，自杀性的；自我毁灭 的 swell [swel] vt. become greater in intensity, number, amount or volume 增强, 增多, 增大 vanquish ['væŋkwi ʃ ] vt. to defeat someone or something completely 征服；击败；克服；抑制 wrestling with = struggle to deal with or overcome sth 全力对付；努力克服 单词学习完毕！

45 即时写字板即时写字板 目 录目 录 词 汇词 汇 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 2016年10月2日星期日 Page 45