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英语倒装句结构及其应用
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倒装的类型 完全倒装 ( 整个谓语移至主语之前 ) Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends. 学生们涌出去欢迎外国朋友。 部分倒装 ( 只把系动词，情态动词，助动词 或表语放在主语之前。 ) Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。
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Kinds of inversion Only when the war was over could he begin to work again. “But what the child said is true.” said the father. 部分倒装 ---only Only+ 状语或状语从句放句首。 Only in this way can we improve our English. Only after you left did I find this dog.
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部分倒装 --- 否定词 含否定意义的词放在句首。如： not, little, hardly, no more, in no way, never, seldom ， nowhere, not only, not until 等。 Seldom do I go to work by bus. Never shall I forget it. Not only did he smoke, but he also drank. Not often do you see a lion in your garden. Not until then did I get to the school. Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. Little did I know about it.
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几种常见的部分倒装句型： 1. 含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时, 如 rarely, scarcely, not until, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, no sooner…than…, hardly…when …, scarcely…when 等， 注：上面所说的词和词组如果不在句首，句子不必 用倒装语序。另外， not only…but also 连接两 个主语时，不用倒装，如： Not only the students, but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.
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4. 用于 no sooner….than, hardly…when 和 not…until 等句型中. No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 2) 含有 no 的词或词组置于句首 (at no time, in no way, by no means) In no way can they leave freely.
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2. 副词 only+ 副词 / 介词短语 / 状语从句放在句首 时 Only then did he realize his mistakes. 只 有在那时他才认识到自己的错误。 Only in this way can you learn maths well. 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。 如果 only 后面的词不是状语，则不用倒装. Only WangLing knows this.
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3. 副词 so 或 neither(nor) 在句首，表示前面所陈 述的情况 “ 也 ” 或 “ 也不 ” He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I. 他对流行歌曲感兴趣，我也如此。 He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there. 他没有去 过农村，他也不想去那里。 4. 在频度状语 often, always, many a time 等开头的句子中 Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。 Many a time has she helped me with my English. 她不止一次地帮助或学习英语。
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5. So/such … that 修饰的句子中， so 所强调 的部分位于放句首时 : So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 他讲话的 声音那样大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。 Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. Such was his strength that he could bend iron bars. 如： 注： such 和 be 连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序， 如： Such was the result. Such were her words. Such was the story he told.
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3 ）表语置于句首 Present at the meeting were Professor White Professor Smith and many other guests. Gone are the days when they were carefree. Among the goods are flowers, candles and toys.
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部分倒装 ---so, neither, nor So 放在句首，表示 “ 也 ” 时，用在肯定句中。 I like traveling. So does he. Her father is a doctor. So is her mother. He has been to Beijing twice. So have I. Neither, nor 放在句首，表 “ 也不 ” 。 My teacher did not agree with him. Nor did I. I’m not interested in maths. Neither is he.
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当前面陈述句有两个以上不同的谓语动词，或既有 肯定式又有否定式时，应使用： So it is with… / It is the same with… ---I like chicken, but I don’t like fish. ---So it is with me. Tom is an American, but lives in China, it is the same with Jack.
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部分倒装 ---So So 修饰形容词或副词，位于句首时。 So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment. So hard does he work that he has no time to spare for traveling. 虚拟语气若有 were, had, should 省 if -- 部分倒装 Were I you, I would do it. Had he come, he would have met me yesterday. Should she ring me up, she would know what will happen.
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As 引导的让步状语从句 ----- 将作表语的 形容词或不定式（通常是情态动词 + 不定 式为句子的谓语）放于句首 Tired as she was, she kept on working. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Try as he might, he could not succeed.
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全部倒装 ---there be 在 there be 句型中，有时 也可用其他动词代替 be 。如： live, remain, come, stand, go, lie, exist 等。 There is a lamp and two cups on the table. There used to be a shop around the corner. Once upon a time there lived six blind men in a village in India. Here are some interesting stories for you to read. There goes the bell.
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全部倒装 --- 方位介词或副词 如 out, in, up, down, away 等放句首时。 但句子主语应是名词。 Out rushed the soldiers. Away went the boy. Down came the rain. Into the hall came three women. 若主语是代词，则不能倒装。 Away he went. Here he comes.
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全部倒装 --- 强调表语或状语 为了保持句子平衡，强调表语或状语，使句子联 系紧密。 At the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker. Fastened to the pole was the national flag. Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. In the hall stood the minister from the village. Along the dusty road came a group of tourists.
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虚拟语气中用部分倒装代替 if If I had known it earlier, I would have met you at the airport. = Had I know it earlier, I would have met you at the airport. If I were you, I would go there at once. = Were I you, I would go there at once.
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1.After that we never saw her again, nor _______ we hear from her. 2. Not until I began to work did I ____ ( realize ) how much time I had wasted. 3. Little ____ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. A. does he careB. did he care C. he caresD. he cared did realize
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6. Be quick! Here ________ ( come ) the bus. 7. Not only ______ it difficult to understand, but it was too long. comes was
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8. Only when the rain stopped ____________________________ ( 比赛再次开 始 ). 9. ________( 副词 ) he came and the lesson began. 10. So carelessly _______________ ( 他开 车 ) that he almost killed himself. did the match start again In did he drive
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11.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _____ with each other. A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled 12.Only when your identity has been checked____. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
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13.Only in this way_____ to make improvements in the operating system. A. you can hopeB. you did hope C. can you hopeD. did you hope 14.---You forgot your purse when you went out. ---Good heavens, ____. A. so did IB. so I did C. I did soD. I so did
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15.Not only ______interested in football but _____beginning to show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is, all his students are B. the teacher himself is, are all his students C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
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16.So difficult_____ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have leftB. have I left C. I did feel D. did I feel 17. Not a single song_____ at yesterday’s party.A. she sangB. sang she C. did she singD. she did sing 18.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life______ so happy! A. did I feelB. I felt C. I had feltD. had I felt
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19. Not until all the fish died in the river___ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize
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20. So ______ that no fish can live in it. A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow 21. Only by practicing a few hours every day _______ be able to master the language. A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you 22. Look, ＿＿. A. here the bus comes B. here is the bus coming C. here comes the bus D. here the bus is coming
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23. There ＿＿. A. she comes B. comes she C. does she come D. is he come 24. ＿＿ the girl in tears. A. Rushed out B. Out rushed C. Out does rush D. Rush out does 25. In each room ＿＿. A. are ten students B. ten students are C. ten students there are D. ten are students
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