Important Words & Phrases

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1 Important Words & Phrases

2 1. I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. 我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。

3 观察下列句中take up的意思和用法。 1. The student takes up his pen and writes to his father. 2. Playing basketball takes up much of my time. 3. I do remember 3 years ago when I took up my job. 4. She took up his offer of a drink. 5. He is going to take up the story where he left off yesterday.

4 [自我归纳] take up意思多变，意为“_____”（句1）、“_____”（句2）、“_________”(start to do)（句3）、“_____”（句4）、“_____”(句5)。
占去 拿起 开始从事 接受 继续 这些箱子太占地方了，以至于我们穿越过道都很困难。 Those boxes take up so much room that it’s even difficult for us to walk through the passage.

5 拓展：与take相关的短语 吸收，留宿 office apart 别着急 in it easy 取下, 记下 take back down
notes away 别着急 取下, 记下 就职 拆开 收回 拿走 作笔记

6 　 out 　notice of 　it for granted 　hold of take steps to do sth 　sb as.., 　advantage of… 　a deep breath 抓住 想当然的认为 拿出 注意 利用 采取措施做某事 深呼吸 把某人当作

7 pride in one’s chance trouble to do sth take over turns to do sth 碰运气 接管 以……为荣 轮流去做某事 不辞劳苦去做某事

8 2. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008

9 1) remind sb. of/about sth. 使某人想起或意识到…
reminded her of college days 使她回想起了大学里的日子 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 must remind him to call 必须让他记着打电话 remind sb. that/ what…提醒某人…

10 走在乡间的小路上，我不断回想起我的童年。
While walking in the countryside, I was constantly reminded of my childhood.

11 区别: remind, remember, recall
remember指“过去的事情仍在记忆中, 不必费劲就能想起”, 记住recall较 remember正式, 指“对自己或他人的 过去进行有意义的回忆”。

12 2) constantly adv. 不断地— constant adj.
Fashion is constantly changing. 时尚总是日新月异。 Heat the sauce, stirring constantly. 加热调味汁并不停地搅动。 The word “constant” is in constant use./ used constantly. 这个单词经常使用。

13 The constant interruptions made Miss Tian unable to finish her lesson.
Constantly interrupted by the bell, Miss Tian was unable to finish her lesson. The constant interruptions made Miss Tian unable to finish her lesson. Babies need constant attention. 婴儿一刻也离不开人 The train drives at a constant speed. 恒定的

14 3. As a result, I suffered from “time lag”. 结果我得了时间滞后症。
as a result :because of something that has happened = Therefore/ Thus as a/the result of :作为……的结果,由于 The car got stuck in traffic, as a result, she was late. 改写 She was late as a/the result of the car’s getting stuck in traffic.

15 result from 起因于…… result in 导致某事, 造成某事(=lead to) 我们的精彩表现源于我们的努力训练。 The wonderful performance of us resulted from our hard training. Our hard training resulted in the wonderful performance of us.

16 suffer from: to experience (something unpleasant, such as an illness), especially over a long period of time or habitually 患有(疾病等);为……所苦, 因……而吃苦头。 She suffers from headache. 她患头痛病。

17 辨析: suffer与suffer from
suffer 意为遭受苦痛,损失,忍受侮辱等,其宾语为pain, lose, grief, insult, punishment, wrong, hardship, injustice, discouragement, disappointment, setback, suffer from 遭受战争,自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之意。

18 suffer from the war / the flood/ a headache… 遭受战争, 洪水之苦/患头病； suffer (from) cold and hunger 遭受寒冷和饥饿
(派) suffering n. 痛苦,苦恼;劳苦,困难

19 6. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period 这种病有些像乘喷气式飞机高速飞行时所引起的时差反应那样，所不同的是,它意味着你的脑海里不停地从以前的时间段一直往回闪去。

20 1) keep doing sth. 继续做某事 It kept raining for a week 接连下了一星期雨。 辨析:keep doing sth. 与keep on doing sth. 这两个短语都表示每隔一段时间就发生的动作, 这时可互换; keep doing sth. 强调动作的连续性和客观性,而keep on doing sth.强调动作的重复性或动作执行者 的决心,常含有一定的感情色彩;

21 keep doing sth. 还可以表示持续不间断的状态和动作;而keep on doing sth. 无其用法。
He kept on smoking after the doctor told him to stop. 医生已经劝他戒烟, 可他仍继续抽烟。

22 keep away from 不接近; 避开 keep back 留在后面, 不上前; 隐瞒 keep off 不接近, 挡住 keep out (of) 使在外 keep up 跟上;赶上;保持 keep up with 跟上;不落人之后

23 2) flashback 倒叙 The events in his happy family life were shown in flashback. 他幸福的家庭生活是用倒叙法来表现的。

24 7. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate
1) surrounding adj. in surrounding area surroundings n. 只用复数

25 surroundings –影响生活质量的,某地\人身边的一切事物
The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings. environment —人们所在的影响其感觉及发展的物质、社会环境;自然环境 new laws to prevent the pollution of the environment

26 2) tolerate 容忍；忍受 We simply cannot tolerate cheating in exams. 我们就是不能容许考试作弊行为。 I cannot tolerate her rudeness. 我不能容忍她的粗鲁无礼。

27 4. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。 1）hit: to have a bad effect on… 对……有不良的影响 How will the new law hit the unemployed?  新颁布的法令将使失业者遭受什么样的打 击？

28 2）hit: 击打 3）hit:侵袭 Another outbreak of cholera hit London. hit： It suddenly hit me that how difficult it was for a woman at that time to receive medical training .(It occurred to me that…)

29 辨析: beat, hit与strike beat指连续地打;hit侧重指“击中”,有时也指“打一下”;strike常指“猛地一击”。“敲锣”要用strike;“打鼓”要用beat;“敲门”要用knock;“钟敲几点”要用strike;比喻意思的“打击”要用give (deal) a blow to sb.

30 2) lack 阅读下列句子，观察lack的意思和用 法。 1. She lacks money to buy new clothes. 2. Our football team has only ten members ― we lack one player. 3. She does not lack for friends. 4. Poor as he is, he still thinks that he lacks for nothing.

31 5. Our tour is cancelled for lack of
bookings. 6. You are excellent, but we do have no lack of teachers. 7. Too many teachers are treated with a lack of respect. 8. He is not lacking in confidence.

32 [自我归纳] lack作____词，意为“___________”, 常用搭配：lack sth. / sb
[自我归纳] lack作____词，意为“___________”, 常用搭配：lack sth. / sb.缺乏……(句1、句2)；lack for缺(多用于否定句)(句3)；lack (for) nothing是固定搭配，意为“没有欠缺”(句4）。lack还可作____词, 意为“_________________”，常见搭配：______ 因缺乏……(句5)；no lack (of)不缺乏……(句6)；a lack of缺乏、短缺、匮乏(句7)。lacking是形容词，常用结构为：_________ 缺乏(某种品质、特点等), 不够……（句8）。 动 缺少，短缺 名 缺少，缺乏，不足 lack of lacking in

33 1. Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
用lack的适当形式填空。 1. Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university. 2. If something that you need is ______, you can just come here and ask for some. 3. I can’t buy that book because of my ______________ money. 4. He just _____ a little confidence for he is often afraid that he may fail again. 5. He seems to be totally ______________ common sense. lacking lacking lack of / lacking lacks lacking in / lack of

34 9. ache He has an ache in his back. My body was all aches and pains. cure an ache 治好疼痛 feel aches 感到疼 suffer from an ache 遭受疼痛 n. His back aches/ is aching. v. n. My body ached all over. v.

35 5. I felt better in no time. 我立刻感到舒服多了。
in on time: very quickly 立刻;马上 They will be back in no time. 他们马上就会回来。 all the time 一直, 始终 at a time 依次, 逐一, 每次 at one time 从前 at times 有时 on time 按时 in time及时

36 at all times 随时,永远 at one time 从前 at times 有时 behind the times 过时的, 落伍的 for the time being 暂且, 眼下 from time to time 不时, 偶尔, 间或 in good time 不消多久 no time to lose 刻不容缓 on time 按时

37 6. I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large
market…. lost sight of 阅读下列句子，观察lose sight of 的意思和用法。 1. Suddenly I lost sight of my father in the crowd. 2. Don’t try to walk in a heavy snowstorm as you may lose sight of the road ahead.

38 [自我归纳] lose sight of意为“______”（句1、句2）、“_____”（句3）、“_________”(句4)。 看不见
3. We must not lose sight of the fact that learning English is very important. 4. I have lost sight of my best school friend over the years. [自我归纳] lose sight of意为“______”（句1、句2）、“_____”（句3）、“_________”(句4)。 看不见 失去联系 忽视

39 (反)catch sight of 望见，看到 （be）in sight 看得见 (be) out of sight 看不见
拓展： (反)catch sight of 望见，看到 （be）in sight 看得见 (be) out of sight 看不见 “Out of sight, out of mind.” within sight of 在视线范围内，在望 at (the) sight of 一看见… 介词短语

40 1. In the heat of the argument we mustn’t
翻译下列句子。 1. In the heat of the argument we mustn’t lose sight of our main purpose. 2. We must not lose sight of our achievements. 在热烈的讨论中，我们不应该忽视我们的主要目的。 我们不应该忽视我们所取得的成就。

41 7. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. [点拨] 这里要注意的是flash这个动词在此句中是及物动词，表示“（使）闪现”。from under是两个介词重叠使用，表示“从下面”。

42 如：“Now it’s OK,” said the mechanic as he crawled out from under the car. “修好了，”那修理工从车底下爬出来说道。
[仿写] ______________________________ ____________ 我从练习册下面找到了我的钢笔。 I found my pen from under the exercise book.

43 13. Have a class discussion and decide whether you think the writer has an optimistic or a pessimistic view of the future 全班同学讨论一下, 断定作者对未来持有乐观还是悲观的态度。

44 optimistic adj. believe that good things will happen in the future 乐观的,乐观主义的(常与about连用) The experts are optimistic that we will succeed 那些专家们对我们的成功抱有乐观态度。 We should be optimistic about our life.

45 pessimistic adj. expected that bad things will happen in the future or that a situation will have a bad result 悲观的, 悲观主义的(常与about连用) There is no reason to be pessimistic about the future 没有理由对未来悲观。

46 14. Be prepared to join in a class discussion. 一定准备好参加班级讨论。
She burst into song. Several passengers also joined in 她唱了起来, 几位乘客也跟着唱了起来。

47 辨析: join in, take part in与join join in与take part in 都可以作“参加某项活动”讲。join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago. He joined us in the discussion. Liu Xiang will take part in the 2008 Olympic.

48 Learning about Language
Find out the words and phrases in the passage according to the expressions:

49 1. to make use of (the prize)=
to take up 2. to see = 3. to be unable to see = 4. You have travel led through many time zones. So you feel very tired. The feeling of this kind of tiredness is called _____. to catch sight of to lose sight of jet lag

50 constantly 5. all the time, very often = 6. to make sb. remember sth. = 7. rapidly, quickly = 8. tired = remind swiftly exhausted

51 Practice I. 根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。 她在1980年走上了教学岗位。(take up) 2. 这个景色使她想起了她的家乡。(remind ... of ...) She took up her teaching post in 1980. The view reminded her of her hometown.

52 3. 大概过了10分钟，我就看不见那座桥了。(lose sight of)
About 10 minutes later, I lost sight of that bridge. 4. 他被留下来清扫那些碎玻璃。 (sweep up) He was left to sweep up the broken glass.

53 5. 他手术后又恢复了健康了。 (back on one’s feet)
He is back on his feet again after his operation. 6. 他们马上就会回来。(in no time) They will be back in no time.

54 7. 她向我招了招手，好像认识我似的。 (as if/though)
She waved to me as if she knew me. 8. 那里突然出现了一个穿绿衣服的青年女子。(过去分词作后置定语) Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green.

55 9. 我恐惧地把信递给了他。(过去分词作 状语) Frightened, I handed the letter to him.

56 II. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. They all felt ________ (settle) because there was no information about their money. 2. His request received a ____ (swiftly) answer. 3. I was deeply ________ (impression) by that film. unsettled swift impressed

57 4. Those poor children had never had cheerful ____________ (surround).
5. When I was young, I always saw the stars through the _______ (open) in the roof. 6. He talked _________ (constant) about the football match which was just finished. surroundings opening constantly

58 III. 每空填一词，使该句与所给句子的意思相同。
1. His mother thought he lacked confidence. His mother thought he ____________ ___________ confidence. was lacking in / was lack of

59 2. Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the people ___ ____ _______ to the party were famous scientists. 3. No need to hurry — you’ve got enough time. No need to hurry — you’ve got _____ _____ time. that were invited plenty of

60 2. Offered great help, I can get rid of all the difficulty.
If ___________ great help, I can get rid of all the difficulty. 3. The photo calls up the memory of my childhood. The photo _____________ my childhood. I am offered reminds me of

61 4. Frightened, she asked me to go with her.
5. He became completely well after taking some pills. He was _____________ after taking some pills. Because she was frightened back on his feet

62 6. Tired as he was, he went on working.
He went on working _____________ tired. though he was

63 1. John took down art while at school.
IV. 列句子均有一处错误，请指出并改正。 1. John took down art while at school. 2. A letter has been written to him, invites him to the party. 3. The professor came into the classroom, following by his students. 4. Taking good care of, the old man is living a happy life. 5. The man kept silent in the room unless speaking to. up inviting followed Taken spoken

64 V. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。 1. Punishment seemed to make no
________ (印象) on the child. 2. We didn’t have the picnic because the weather was _______ (无常的). 3. The doctor told him to take two t_____ of aspirin before every meal. 4. On the flight to New York, the _________ (女服务员) served us a hot meal. impression uncertain tablets stewardess

65 5. The cattle got out of the field through an o______ in the fence.
6. If we turn the chest _______ (侧着), I think we can get it through the door. 7. The _________ (周围的) villages have been absorbed to the growing city. 8. He could not ______ (忍受) the extremes of heat in the desert. 9. The buses were not going into town for another half hour, so I hired a c________ and went in myself. 10. The railway t_______ shows the times when the trains arrive and depart. opening sideways surrounding tolerate carriage timetable

66 on on up to to VI. 用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. Though I attended the school less than a year, a couple of teachers there made an impression ___ me. 2. The speech made a strong impression ____ the House. 3. Peter will take ___ the management of the finance department. 4. Previous ___ 1981 there were no women on the Supreme Court. 5. The book is an extremely useful guide ___ starting your own business. on on up to to

67 through for on about like
6. He guided the man _______ the streets to the railway station. 7. I haven’t finished the painting ____ lack of time. 8. He rose, his eyes still fastened ___ the piece of paper. 9. We are still optimistic _____ whatever the result (may be). 10. A string of colored Christmas lights flashed _____ jewels. through for on about like

68 Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. The little boy watched the plane go higher and higher until he __________ it. (这个小男孩望着飞机越飞越高直到看不见为止。) 2. His speech _______________________ the audience. (他的演讲给观众留下了很深的印象。) lost sight of made a great impression on

69 3. She _______ the room without anyone noticing. (她溜进了房间竟没有人发现。)
4. He is good at his job but he seems to _____________. (他工作不错，但似乎缺乏信心。) 5. He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he _______ English. (他开始学习英语之前已经学了一年半日语了。) slid into lack confidence took up