学前英语综合教程 第一册.

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1 学前英语综合教程 第一册

2 Listening and Speaking
Use this space for overall reminders or special tips linked to the slide or occasion. Simply select this text and replace it with your own reminders. Unit 9 Animals Learning Objects Phonetics ( I ) Summary Heading. Text. Listening and Speaking Reading Grammar Fun Time

3 Learning Objects Speaker Notes Use this space for overall notes and general comments. Simply select this text and replace it with your own comments. After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to master the pronunciation of the phonemes of /m/ /n/ /N/ /l/; 2) master the useful sentence structure “... so + adj./adv. +that ...”; 3) master the forms and usage of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense; 4) understand and respect animal’s life and spirit; try to protect animals or make friends with them. Summary Heading. Text.

4 Phonetics( IX ) Phonemes (IX) 双唇鼻辅音/m/ 舌尖齿龈鼻辅音/n/ 舌后软腭鼻辅音/N/ 舌端齿龈辅音/l/

5 Phonetics( IX ) Pronunciation tips /m/ 双唇鼻音，属浊辅音。
发音要领：软腭下垂，双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔送出。 发音时声带振动。 /n/ 舌尖齿龈鼻音，属浊辅音。 发音要领：舌尖抵上齿龈，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。 /N/ 舌后软腭鼻音，属浊辅音。 发音要领：软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。发音时声带振动。 /l/ 舌端齿龈音，属浊辅音。 发音要领：舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前向硬腭抬起， 气流从舌的旁边送出。当此音为尾音时，将舌端抵住上齿龈， 舌前下陷，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹形。发音时声带振动。

6 1. Read the following words.
Phonetics( IX ) Activities 1. Read the following words. /m/ man meet lamb time /n/ new nail line sunshine /N/ sing tongue ringing longer /l/ like long bell milk

7 Phonetics( IX ) Practise more /m/ march mix warm team /n/ number name mean son /N/ wing bang bringing strong /l/ lion leaf doll child

8 2. Read the following sentences.
Phonetics( IX ) Activities 2. Read the following sentences. Good morning./ Good afternoon./Good evening./ Good night. 2) What’s your name? 3) Let’s sing the song to the music. Ready? Go! 4) Line up! 5) Wonderful!

9 Phonetics( IX ) Practise more 1) Stand arm in arm.
2) Don’t play with knives. 3) Show me your tongue. 4) Look before you leap. 5) A little pill may well cure a great ill.

10 Make room, make room, make room!
Phonetics( IX ) Activities 3. Read the following chants. /m/ My motor is humming, I’m coming, I’m coming, Make room, make room! Not a minute to wait, I’m late, I’m late, Make room, make room, make room!

11 Phonetics( IX ) /n/ Now run in the rain, And now in the sun,
Again and again, On, isn’t it fun! /N/ Ding-dong! Ting-a-ling! “What do you bring?” “Songs for singing, bells for ringing, These things I bring.”

12 Phonetics( IX ) Practise more /m/ Tommy thumb, Tommy thumb,
Where are you? Here I am, here I am, How do you do? /n/ Catch a ball, run to the door. Catch a pen, run to Ben. Catch a pencil, run to the middle. Catch, run, catch, run, catch and run.

13 Listening and Speaking Activity 1 Listen and talk
1. Listen to the dialogue three times and fill in the blanks. Cat’s Paw Monkey: Lovely day, , Mr. Cat? Cat: Yes, it is, Mr. Monkey. Monkey: (Saying to himself) Oh, I am so hungry that I need to . Mr. Cat, now that we have such a nice day, why not go to the farmer’s hill to get some chestnuts? Cat： Monkey: Aha, we have so many chestnuts here. Let’s and put them into the fire. We’ll have nice chestnuts Cat： OK, then. _____ isn’t it get something to eat _________________ Good idea _________ make a fire _________ for our dinner __________

14 Listening and Speaking
Monkey: (Smelling) Wow, They are done! They are inviting indeed. Mr. Cat, help to get the chestnut out of the fire? Let’s share them after they are out. Cat： I’ll do that. One, two, three, Haha, there are forty chestnuts. Monkey: (To himself) They are delicious. I’ll (Eating rapidly) Cat： Mr. Monkey, I have taken all of them out, there are forty Where are the chestnuts? would you please ______________ eat them all _________ in all ____

15 Listening and Speaking
Monkey: Cat： You have said that we should share the chestnuts. You and eaten all the chestnuts up. I’ll let our neighbors know that you are the most greedy and selfish guy in the world. Monkey: Oh, no! I don’t know either ________________ have made use of me ___________________

16 Listening and Speaking
Chinese version 火 中 取 栗 猴子：猫先生，天气不错啊，是吗？ 猫： 是啊是啊，猴子先生。 猴子：（自言自语）哦，我好饿，得弄些东西吃吃。猫先生， 既然天气这么好，为什么不去农家小山上去弄些栗子吃呢？ 猫： 好主意。 猴子：啊哈，这儿的栗子可多呢。我们生个火，把栗子放进去。 我们晚餐就好好吃一顿栗子。 猫： 好啊！ 猴子：（闻了闻），噢，熟了！真是太诱人了。猫先生，烦劳你帮 忙把栗子从火里取出来好吗？拿出来后我们分。

17 Listening and Speaking
Chinese version 猫： 好，我来拿。一，二，三，…哈哈，有四十个呢。 猴子：（自言自语）太好吃了。我要把它们全干掉！（迅速地 吃着） 猫： 猴先生，我把它们全部掏出来了，一共四十个。栗子哪 去了？ 猴子：我也不知道啊。 猫： 你说过我们一起分享栗子的呀。你利用了我，把栗子吃 光了！我要告诉我们的邻居，让他们知道你是世界上最 贪婪最自私的家伙！ 猴子：噢，不！

18 Listening and Speaking
Language focus cat’s paw a person used by another to gain an end 受人利用者, 被人当作傀儡者,工具 e.g. Will you be their cat’s paw in the case? 你想在这件事件里当他们的傀儡吗？

19 Listening and Speaking
Language focus 2) chestnut n. a smooth brown nut of a chestnut tree, some types of which can be eaten 板栗，栗子 e.g. The businessman has bought a lot of chestnuts for his mother. 那个商人给她母亲买了许多板栗。

20 Listening and Speaking
Language focus 3) inviting a. making you want to do, try, taste, sth. attractive 诱人的，吸引人的 e.g. The inviting food made the kids’ mouths water. 那诱人的食物使孩子们口水直流。

21 Listening and Speaking
Language focus 4) greedy a. wanting more money, power, food, etc. than you really need 贪婪，贪欲，贪心 e.g. The fox was so greedy that he wanted to eat the little goat. 那狐狸那么贪婪，他想吃掉那只小山羊。

22 Listening and Speaking
Language focus 5) guy n. a man 男人，小伙子 e.g. That guy is watching the huge earthworms after the storm. 那个小伙子正在暴风雨后观察巨型蚯蚓呢。

23 Listening and Speaking Activity 1 Listen and talk
2. Make a similar dialogue according to the situation and the functional sentences below. Situation: A wants to go for dinner. At that time, she meets with B, her good friend, who is coming back from the library.

24 Listening and Speaking
Functional sentences： Lovely day, isn’t it? 天气不错，是吗？ I am so hungry that 我好饿… Why not go to ... to get something to eat? 为什么不去…弄点什么吃的？ We’ll have ... for our dinner. 我们晚餐吃… What about something to drink? 弄点什么喝喝？ Two coffees, please. 请来两杯咖啡。 Would you please help to get ...? 请帮我来杯… 好吗？

25 Listening and Speaking
Reference answer A: Lovely day, isn’t it? B: I am so hungry that I can’t stand any more. A: Why not go to the restaurant to get something to eat? B: Yes, we’ll have hamburger for our dinner. A: What about something to drink? B: Two coffees, please. A: Would you please help to get my wallet out of my pocket? B: With pleasure. But you have no money at all. A: Your treat , eh? B: Ah?

26 Listening and Speaking Activity 2 Listening comprehension
1. Useful words and expressions giraffe /dVI5rB:f/ n. 长颈鹿 banquet /5bANkwIt/ n. 宴会 earthworm /5\:Ww\:m/ n. 蚯蚓 kangaroo /7kANgE5ru:/ n. 袋鼠 magpie /5mAgpaI/ n. 喜鹊 swallow /5swClEU/ n. 燕子 banyan tree 榕树

27 Listening and Speaking
2. Listen to the passage three times and supply the missing words. An Animal Meeting Every spring, when all the flowers are in full bloom, there is Mr. Lion, king of the forest asks every member of the big family to bring his favorite food to the banquet. The elephant brings a large bunch of bananas. The swallow gets a grass-hopper and the magpie gets an earthworm. The giraffe in his mouth and the monkey takes a big peach. At dinner time, all the animals gather under a huge banyan tree. Mr. Lion declares, “Now, dinner begins!” Just as they are , the tiger a big dinner in the forest ___________________ has some fresh leaves _________________ about to eat dinner ______________

28 Listening and Speaking
brings two guests here, one is a kangaroo in her pouch, the other is a koala with two round black eyes. They are warmly welcomed by all the animals in the forest. The new comers are extremely happy to be together with . The animals eat their favorite food while singing and dancing. Everyone has a wonderful dinner time. Happily they begin to sing “The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.” __________________ with a baby kangaroo _________________ so many new friends

29 Listening and Speaking
Chinese version 动 物 聚 会 每年春天，当百花盛开时，森林里就会举行一次盛大晚宴。森林之王狮子先生请大家庭里的每一个成员把他最喜欢吃的食物带到宴会上：大象带来了一大串香蕉；燕子叼来一只蚱蜢；喜鹊衔来一条蚯蚓；长颈鹿带来一些新鲜嫩叶；猴子拿来一只大桃子。晚饭时，所有的动物都聚集在一棵大榕树下。狮子宣布：“现在，开餐！”就在他们要开始吃饭的时候，老虎带了两位朋友过来，一个是育儿袋里装着一个小幼仔的袋鼠；另外一个是有着两只圆圆的黑眼睛的考拉。所有的动物都热烈地欢迎他们的到来，新来者特别高兴与这么多的新朋友欢聚在一起。动物们一边吃着最喜欢的食物，一边载歌载舞，吃得特别开心。大家高兴地唱着：“我们越在一起，我们越快乐。”

30 Listening and Speaking
Language focus 1) be in full bloom (鲜花)盛开 e.g. When all the flowers are in full bloom, it’s time for me to return. 当所有的鲜花盛开时，就是我返乡的时候了。

31 Listening and Speaking
2) banquet n. a formal meal for a large number of people, usually for a special occasion, at which speeches are often made 宴会, 盛宴 e.g. A banquet to be held next Saturday is for my sister. 下周六即将为我姐姐举行宴会。

32 Listening and Speaking 我家小邻居邀请他所有的小朋友吃油炸蚱蜢。
3) grass-hopper n. an insect with long back legs, that can jump very high and that makes a sound with its legs 蝗虫，蚱蜢 e.g. My little neighbor invited all his little friends to eat fried grass-hoppers 我家小邻居邀请他所有的小朋友吃油炸蚱蜢。

33 Listening and Speaking 吉米躺在潮湿的地上观察一条10英寸长的蚯蚓。
4) earthworm n. a common long thin worm that lives in soil 蚯蚓 e.g. Jimmy lay on the wet ground watching a ten- inch earthworm. 吉米躺在潮湿的地上观察一条10英寸长的蚯蚓。

34 Listening and Speaking 孩子们喜欢在游泳池附近的大榕树下面玩耍。
5) banyan tree n. a tree with branches that grow down to the ground and form new roots (印度) 榕树 e.g. Children like playing under the large banyan tree near the swimming pool. 孩子们喜欢在游泳池附近的大榕树下面玩耍。

35 Listening and Speaking
Activity 3 Look and say 1. Match the pictures with the expressions. E C B ______ ______ ______

36 Listening and Speaking
F D ______ ______ ______ A. Don’t I look cute enough, darling? B. I am not the zebra for you to walk on. I am a real one. C. brave eagle high above the sky D. Oh, have mercy on me! E. mixed with nature F. Aren’t we the cutest and most fashionable guys in the Antarctica（南极洲）?

37 Listening and Speaking
2. Look at the pictures and discuss the questions below. 1) Do you know where penguins live? Yes. They live in the South Pole. The South pole is also called Antarctica.

38 Listening and Speaking
2) Do you think sometimes animals act like human beings? How do you know? Yes, I do. We can see that in Picture 4 and 5. The dog in Picture 4 is standing as an acrobat does. The penguins in Picture 5 have very smart “hair styles”.

39 Listening and Speaking
Additional questions Have you ever heard of anyone who has adopted lots of sick and wandering animals? If yes, please describe the person and his/her animals Yes, I have. A lady who is a widower in my village has been feeding 10 cats and 5 dogs. They were weak and sick. In the end they recovered and now they are healthy and strong. The only problem for the lady is that those animals eat too much and she can hardly afford to keep them alive for long, for she herself is just a poor housewife.

40 Listening and Speaking
Additional questions 2) What will you do if you come across a dying animal? I will bring it home to take it to the doctor to have it checked. Then I’ll have it cured before I decide to send it to its master.

41 Text A Reading Text A—Activities Text B Text B—Activities

42 Pre-reading questions
Reading—Text A Words Phrases Pre-reading questions 1. Do you like animals? Yes, I do. I like cats/dogs/rabbits ... / No, I don’t.

43 Reading—Text A Words Phrases
2. Can you describe pandas in a few words? Panda is a kind of lovely animal. They are our national treasure. Panda is one of the scarcest animals and people like it very much.

44 Panda—The National Treasure
Reading—Text A Words Phrases Panda—The National Treasure Author unknown (Para.1) Panda is one of the scarcest animals. People in the world like it very much. There used to be1 many pandas in China long ago. As the balance of nature was destroyed and the weather was getting warmer and warmer, pandas became less and less. But at present, the number of pandas is increasing year by year. There are now so many pandas that2 some are being sent to other countries for people there to enjoy.

45 Reading—Text A 译文： 熊猫是最珍稀的动物之一。世界上的人们都非常喜欢它。很久以前在中国有很多熊猫。因为自然界平衡被破坏，气候变暖，所以熊猫变得越来越少。但现在，熊猫的数量逐年在增加。现在有了这么多熊猫，有些就被送到其他国家供那里的人们观赏。

46 我们曾经也这样做过，我在阿根廷也曾经用手进过球。
Reading—Text A 1. used to be 过去曾经是 ［比较］ used to be和used to（do） 1) used to be 过去曾经是 e.g. He used to be a history teacher. 2) used to do 过去常常，过去曾经；过去常常做某事 e.g. We used to do this, I’d scored goals before in Argentina with my hand. 他过去曾经是一位历史老师。 我们曾经也这样做过，我在阿根廷也曾经用手进过球。

47 Reading—Text A 相关词组： 1) be used to do 被用来做（某事）
e.g. Certain robots are used to do work dangerous to man. 2) be used to sth. / get used to sth. （对某事物）已适应，已习惯 e.g. After three weeks she had got used to the extreme heat. 3) be used to doing sth. / get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 e.g. He is used to getting up early. 某些机器人用来干对人危险的活。 三个星期以后，她就适应酷热环境了。 他习惯早起。

48 Reading—Text A 2. (S-Note 2) . . . so + adj./adv.+that . . . (表示结果)
e.g. He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor. 他病得很重，我们只好给他请医生了。

49 Reading—Text A Words Phrases
(Para. 2) Nowadays, the biggest nature park for panda in China is in Sichuan Province. There is a research centre for nature and wild life. Scientists hope that one day they will have enough pandas to be set free and let them live in the wild again.

50 Reading—Text A 译文： 现在，中国最大的熊猫自然公园在四川省。那里有一个自然野生生命研究中心。科学家们希望有一天他们能使足够多的大熊猫重返野外自由生活。

51 Reading—Text A enough a. 足够的，充足的
e.g. Not too much money, enough is enough. Enough is enough! 钱，不用挣的太多，够用就行！ 够了!

52 Text A—Words and expressions
national /5nAFEnEl/ a. of a nation; common to or characteristic of a whole nation 国民的；民族的；国 家的；全国共有的或特有的 e.g. The national economy is very strong now. 国民经济现在非常强大。

53 Text A—Words and expressions 知识是宝库，而实践是开启宝库大门的钥匙。
2. treasure /5treVE/ n. (store of) gold, silver, jewels, etc. 金银财宝，财富vt. 珍爱；珍藏 e.g. Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key to it. Treasure what you have now. 知识是宝库，而实践是开启宝库大门的钥匙。 珍惜你现在所拥有的。

54 Text A—Words and expressions
3. scarce /skeEs/ a. not often found; rare 稀有，罕见 e.g. Water is scarce in the desert. 在沙漠里水是很稀有的。

55 Text A—Words and expressions
4. increase /In5kri:s/ v. to become or make (sth.) greater in number, quantity, size, etc. 增加，增大（ 数目、数量、体积等） e.g. That is a massive increase. 这是一个巨大的增长。

56 Text A—Words and expressions
5. nowadays /5naUEdeIz/ ad. at the present time(in contrast with the past) 时下，现今（与过去相对） e.g. Nowadays you can buy cola everywhere. 现在到处可以买到可乐。

57 Text A—Words and expressions
Phrase 1. national treasure 国宝 e.g. Panda is the national treasure of China. 大熊猫是中国的国宝

58 Text A—Words and expressions
2. used to (do) 过去常常（做某事） e.g. Nowadays, people don’t live (in) the way they used to do. 现在人们的生活方式跟以往的完全不同了。

59 Text A—Words and expressions
3. at present 此刻，现在 e.g. At present no problems. 目前未发现问题。

60 Text A—Words and expressions
4. set free 释放,使获得自由 e.g. The prisoners were set free. 他们把囚犯放了。

61 Text A—Activities Activity 1 Reading comprehension
Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) according to Text A. （ ） 1. Panda is the scarcest animal. （ ） 2. Long long ago, there were less pandas in China. （ ） 3. People in the world like panda but can’t enjoy it now. （ ） 4. According to the text, pandas are researched and protected by scientists. （ ） 5. Today, there are enough pandas live in the wild. __ F __ F __ F __ T __ F

62 Text A—Activities Activity 2 Vocabulary
1. Match each word in Column A with a similar meaning in Column B.

63 Text A—Activities A B ( ) 1. national
a. become bigger or greater in amount ( ) 2. scarce b. in the habit ( ) 3. destroy c. at the present moment ( ) 4. increase d. not enough; hard to find ( ) 5. treasure e. a search for knowledge ( ) 6. nowadays f. destruct ( ) 7. research g. in these times ( ) 8. used to h. of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country ( ) 9. at present i. grant freedom to ( ) 10. set free j. accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels, etc. __ h __ d __ f __ a __ j g __ __ e __ b __ c __ i

64 destroy nowadays research scarce treasure
Text A—Activities 2. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given below. destroy nowadays research scarce treasure 1) They plan to extend their in this field. 2) people have more choices for clothes than ten years ago. research _______ 解析：research n. 研究 翻译：他们计划扩展他们在这个领域的研究。 Nowadays _________ 解析：nowadays 现在 翻译：现在的人较之十年前在服装上有了更多的选择。

65 destroy nowadays research scarce treasure
Text A—Activities destroy nowadays research scarce treasure 3) Fire several houses in the area. 4) I could look for a job nearer to home, but I love my work and new jobs are 5) “Family ”— that is me! destroyed _________ 解析：destroy 破坏；毁坏 翻译：大火烧毁了该地区的几栋房子。 ______ scarce 解析：scarce 稀少，珍稀 翻译：我可以找一个离家近一点的工作，但我喜欢自己的工作，而且新工作机会很少。 Treasure ________ 解析：treasure n. 珍宝，宝贝 翻译：家有宝贝，那就是我！

66 national treasure set free at present used to so ... that
Text A—Activities 3. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given below. national treasure set free at present used to so ... that 1) What are the facts ? 2) Your Hands, just a step for water out. at present _________ 解析：at present 目前，现在 翻译：现在的事实是什么呢？ Set Free _______ 解析：Set Free 注意都要大写。 翻译：不用举手之劳，轻轻一踏，细水长流。

67 national treasure set free at present used to so ... that
Text A—Activities national treasure set free at present used to so ... that 3) He do his homework on Sunday, but now he often does homework on Saturday. 4) She was angry she couldn’t speak. 5) Peking opera of China is a with a history of 200 years. used to _______ 解析：used to do过去常常（做某事） 翻译：他过去在星期天做家庭作业，但是现在他经常在星期六做作业。 so that __ ____ 解析：so ... that ... 如此…以至于… 翻译：她气得说不出话来。 national treasure _______________ 解析：Peking opera 京剧 翻译：京剧是中国的国粹，迄今已有200多年的历史。

68 Text A—Activities Activity 3 Structure
Rewrite the following sentences according to the model, using the structure “. . . so + adj./adv.+ that . . .”. Model: Tom is too young to dress himself. → Tom is so young that he can’t dress himself.

69 Text A—Activities 1. The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. 2. The room is large enough to hold 1,000 people. 3. He isn’t old enough to go to school. 4. He runs fast. Nobody can catch up with him. 5. Dr. Wang is a good doctor. Everybody loves and respects him. The ice on the lake is so thin that we can’t skate on it. The room is so large that it can hold 1,000 people. He is so young that he can’t go to school. He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him. Dr. Wang is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.

70 Text A—Activities Activity 4 Written work
The following words are not in the right order. Arrange them correctly. Model: hero, a, too, can, you, be → You can be a hero, too.

71 Text A—Activities 1) is, panda, the, one, animals, scarcest, of
2) life, and, nature, for, centre, there, a, research, wild, is 3) at, the, number, is, but, present, of, year, by, increasing, year, pandas 4) used, many, there, to, in, be, pandas, ago, China, long 5) in, world, the, like, it, people, very, much Panda is one of the scarcest animals. There is a research centre for nature and wild life. But at present, the number of pandas is increasing year by year. There used to be many pandas in China long ago. People in the world like it very much.

72 Text A—Activities 2. Translate the following into Chinese.
Nowadays, the biggest nature park for panda in China is in Sichuan Province. There is a research centre for nature and wild life. Scientists hope that one day they will have enough pandas to be set free and let them live in the wild again.

73 Text A—Activities 参考译文：
现在，中国最大的熊猫自然公园在四川省。那里有一个自然野生生命研究中心。科学家们希望有一天他们能使足够多的大熊猫重返野外自由生活。

74 Pre-reading questions
Reading—Text B Words Phrases Pre-reading questions How many babies does a mother koala give birth to at a time? 2. Where does the baby koala stay in the first seven months of its life? A koala mother usually gives birth to one baby at a time. The baby koala stays in its mother’s pouch in the first seven months of its life

75 Reading—Text B Words Phrases Koalas Catherine Hughes
(Para.1) Koalas are marsupials. Most marsupials have pouches where the tiny newborns develop. A koala mother usually gives birth1 to one baby at a time. A newborn koala is only the size of a jelly bean called a joey（幼兽）. The joey is blind, naked2 and earless. As soon as it’s born, this tiny creature makes its way from the birth canal to its mother’s pouch.

76 Reading—Text B 译文： 考拉属于有袋动物。绝大多数的有袋动物都有哺育幼儿的哺育袋。考拉每次只生一个孩子。一只刚出生的考拉只有果冻豆那么大，被叫做Joey。小考拉看不见、没有毛也听不见。出生后，它便会本能地从妈妈的产道爬到妈妈的育儿袋里。

77 Reading—Text B 解析： 1. birth n. 出生，诞生；分娩；血统，家世，出身
e.g. The exact date of his birth is not known. He is a man of German birth. 无人知道他出生的确切日期。 他是德国人出生。

78 Reading—Text B 2. (S-Note 1) naked a. 裸体的,光身的
e.g. Bacteria are too small to see with the naked eyes. The boy was naked to the waist. 细菌太小,肉眼看不见。 男孩光着上身。

79 Reading—Text B Words Phrases
(Para.2) Using the two well-developed senses it’s born with—smell and touch—along with its strong front legs and claws and an instinct1 that tells it which direction to head, the baby koala reaches the pouch. There it stays, safely tucked away2, growing and developing for about seven months.

80 Reading—Text B 译文： 凭着与生俱来的良好嗅觉和触觉能力，借助强壮的前腿和前爪，在本能的引领下，小考拉朝着正确的方向摸索，直至到达母亲的育儿袋。在随后的七个月里，小考拉安全地躲藏在育儿袋里生长发育。

81 Reading—Text B 解析： (S-Note 2) instinct n. natural inborn tendency to
behave in a certain way without reasoning or training 本能 e.g. Mother protect their children with instinct and love in dangers without hesitate. With instinct, I doubt what he said just now. 在危险来临时，出于本能和母爱，母亲们总是毫不犹 豫地保护自己的孩子。 出于本能，我怀疑他刚才说的话。

82 Reading—Text B 2. tuck away store or hide sth./oneself 躲藏；将某物 存起来或藏起来
e.g. It’s dangerous for the children to tuck themselves away in some small places. Mother helped Jane to tuck her hair away in the cap. 小孩子把自己藏在狭小的地方是不安全的。 妈妈帮助简把头发塞到帽子里去。

83 Reading—Text B Words Phrases
(Para.3) After a baby has been in the pouch for about six months, its mother begins to produce a special substance called Pap（半流质食物）. The joey feeds on this in addition to the milk it’s already getting. Pap comes from the mother’s intestines and contains bacteria that the joey needs to have in its own intestines so that it can digest an adult diet of eucalyptus leaves.

84 Reading—Text B 译文： 小考拉在育儿袋中生活六个月后，考拉妈妈开始分泌一种叫PAP的特殊物质。除了早就开始吃的母乳，小考拉开始吃PAP。PAP来自考拉妈妈的肠道，含有小考拉的肠道需要的用以消化桉树叶的细菌，只有这样，小考拉才能消化成年考拉的食物（桉树叶）。

85 Reading—Text B 解析： feed vi. 吃;以…为食物; 以…为能源(+on) vt. 喂(养); 饲
(养) (+on/with) e.g. Sheep feed on grass. We feed the birds every day. They fed him on biscuits. 羊吃的是草。 我们每天给鸟喂食。 他们用饼干喂他。

86 Reading—Text B Words Phrases
(Para. 4) At about seven months, the joey leaves the pouch to eat leaves, but returns to it to nurse. By the time the joey is about one year old, it stops nursing and eats just leaves.

87 Reading—Text B 译文： 大约七个月后，小考拉能够离开育儿袋吃树叶了，但还是需要返回育儿袋享受妈妈的哺育。大约在小考拉一岁的时候，它可以独立生活只吃树叶了。

88 Reading—Text B 解析： nurse v. 育养，照顾
e.g. He nursed a large number of new talents. 他培养了一大批新秀。

89 Text B—Words and expressions
1. marsupial /mB:5sju:pIEl/ n. (animal) of the class of mammals, the female of which has a pouch on its body to hold its young 有袋动物

90 Text B—Words and expressions
2. pouch /paUtF/ n. bag like pocket of skin in which a female mammal carries her young （有袋动物的）育儿袋

91 Text B—Words and expressions
3. instinct /5InstINkt/ n. natural inborn tendency to behave in a certain way without reasoning or training 本能 e.g. When the strong light appeared suddenly, people there closed their eyes with instinct. 当强光突然出现时，人们本能地闭上了眼睛。

92 Text B—Words and expressions
4. intestine /In5testIn/ n. (usu. pl.) long tube in the body which helps to digest food and carries it from the stomach to the anus 肠

93 Text B—Words and expressions
5. bacteria /bAk5tIErIE/ n. （pl.）(sing.-ium) simplest and smallest forms of plant life, microscopic organisms that exist in large numbers in air, water and soil, and also in living and dead creatures and plants, and are often a cause of disease 细菌

94 Text B—Words and expressions
6. digest /dI5dVest; daI5dVest/ v. change (food) in the stomach and bowels so that it can be used by the body 消化 e.g. Some babies can’t digest cow’s milk. 一些婴儿不能消化牛奶。

95 Text B—Words and expressions
7. eucalyptus /7ju:kE5lIptEs/ n. (pl.-es or -lypti) any of several types of tall evergreen trees (including the Australian gum-tree), from which oil, timber and gum are obtained 桉树

96 Text B—Words and expressions
Phrases 1. birth canal 产道

97 Text B—Words and expressions
2. tuck away store or hide sth./oneself 躲藏；藏起来 e.g. The little girl tucked away her pretty doll in her traveling suitcase. 这个小女孩把她那漂亮的娃娃藏在旅行箱里。

98 Text B—Words and expressions
3. feed on (of animal) eat 吃 e.g. Nowadays in China, many infants feed on milk powder. 如今，中国很多婴儿都是吃奶粉长大的。

99 Text B—Culture tips Text
Koala /kEU5B:lE/，树袋熊(澳洲产无尾熊) 又叫考拉、无尾熊、可拉熊，学名：Phascolarctos cinereus, 英文：koala bear来源于古代土著文字，意思是“no drink”。因为树袋熊从他们取食的桉树叶中获得所需的90％的水分，而它们只在生病和干旱的时候喝水。树袋熊每天18个小时处于睡眠状态。

100 Text B—Activities T F T T T Activity 1 Reading comprehension
Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) according to Text B. （ ）1. A newborn koala is called a joey. （ ）2. The joey makes its way to the pouch with the help of its mother. （ ）3. In the f irst several months, a joey only eats its mother’s milk. （ ）4. A joey stays in its mother’s pouch for about one year. （ ）5. Except koalas, kangaroos are marsupials, too. __ T F __ __ T __ T __ T

101 Text B—Activities Activity 2 Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given below. give birth to instinct make one’s way in addition to digest French, he has to study Japanese. 2. Mother hens protect their young with In addition to ___________ 解析： in addition to 除了… 翻译：除了法语外,他还得学日语。 instinct _______ 解析：with instinct 出于本能；young n. （鸟兽）雏，仔,崽 翻译：母亲本能地保护孩子。

102 Text B—Activities give birth to instinct make one’s way in addition to digest 3. I have most of the important points in the book. 4. To save more people, the soldiers to the mountain area after the severe earthquake. 5. She a fine healthy baby last month. digested _______ 解析：digest 此处意为“对新知识的消化吸收”。 翻译：我已经消化吸收了这本书大部分的重点内容。 made their way ____________ 解析：make one’s way 克服困难前行 翻译：大地震后，为了营救更多的人， 士兵们克服困难向山区前进。 __________ gave birth to 解析：give birth to 生（宝宝） 翻译：她上个月生了个可爱健康的宝宝。

103 Text B—Activities Activity 3 Written work
Translate the following sentences. 1. at a time 一次 1) The children can borrow five books at a time from the library. 2) 校长在他的办公室一次见一位新教师。 孩子们可以从图书馆每次借五本书。 The principal met one new teacher at a time in his office. 2. feed on 吃 Do you still believe that cat only feed on fish? 2) 她用花园里的东西款待客人。 你仍然认为猫只吃鱼吗？ She fed her guests on the product from her garden.

104 本能地，那位猎人突然察觉到森林中的危险。
Text B—Activities 3. in addition to 除了 In addition to his daughter’s illness, he has a lot of troubles these days. 2) 除了知识，你还需要爱心才能成为一名优秀的幼儿教师。 除了女儿的病情，他最近的烦心事很多。 In addition to knowledge, what you need more to become an excellent kindergarten teacher is love. 4. with instinct 本能 1) With instinct, the hunter suddenly felt certain danger in the forest. 2) 出于本能，在七个月后，小考拉离开育儿袋，自己出来吃树叶。 本能地，那位猎人突然察觉到森林中的危险。 With instinct, the baby koalas leave the pouch to eat leaves in seven months.

105 Grammar 现在完成进行时（The Present Perfect Continuous Tense） Ⅰ. 现在完成进行时的构成
（Forms of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense） 构 成 例句（have/has + been + doing） Affirmative 肯定句 I have been living here since January. Bob has been studying for two hours. Negative否定句 She has not been working. Question疑问句 Have you been living in Shanghai for five years? How long has Bob been studying?

106 Grammar Ⅱ. 现在完成进行时的用法 （Usage of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense）
现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续 到现在, 并且在这段时间中没有停止过，还有可能持续下去， 或在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。 since 9 o’clock. I have been sitting in class { for 45 minutes. We have been waiting for you for half an hour.

107 Grammar Teaching reference
现在完成进行时的用法 (Usage of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense) 1. 表示从过去某时间开始一直延续到说话时还在进行，而且可 能还要持续下去的动作。它通常和“for+时间段”或“since +时 间点”这样的时间状语连用。 e.g. I have been waiting for a letter from my parents. 我一 直在等我父母的来信。 It has been raining for three hours. 已经下了三个小时雨了。 We have been studying here since 2004. 自2004年以来我们就在这儿学习。

108 Grammar 2. 表示从过去某时间开始,一直延续到说话时刻,可 能刚刚结束的动作。
e.g. We have been waiting for you for two hours. We don’t want to wait any longer. 我们已经等了你两个小时了，不想再等下去了。 She has been sweeping all day. She is too tired. 她哭了一整天，太累了。

109 Grammar 3. 有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完 成时的句子。
e.g. They have been living in this city for ten years. ＝They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市住了十年了。

110 Grammar 4. 大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成 时的句子。
e.g. I have been writing a book. 我一直在写一本书。（动作还将继续下去） ≠ I have written a book. 我已写了一本书。（动作已经完成）

111 Grammar 5. 表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。这 类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love， like，hate等。
e.g. I have known him for years. (√) I have been knowing him for years. ( × )

112 Grammar—Activities Activity 1 Ask and answer the questions using SINCE or FOR after the model. Model: sit in class; 30 minutes A: How long have you been sitting in class? B: I have been sitting in class for 30 minutes.

113 Grammar—Activities Reference dialogues 1. study English; this morning
A: How long have you been studying English? B: I have been studying English since this morning. 2. live in a dormitory; two years A: How long have you been living in a dormitory? B: I have been living in a dormitory for two years.

114 Grammar—Activities 3. wear glasses; he bought them
A: How long has he been wearing glasses? B: He has been wearing glasses since he bought them three years ago. 4. stay in bed; two hours A: How long have you been staying in bed? B: I have been staying in bed for two hours. 5. talk with me; four hours A: How long have you been talking with me? B: I have been talking with you for four hours.

115 Activity 2 Choose the best answer for each blank.
Grammar—Activities Activity 2 Choose the best answer for each blank. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He ____ for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing √ 2. — I have got a headache. — No wonder. You ______ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked √

116 √ √ √ Grammar—Activities 3. — Hi, Tracy，you look pale.
— I am tired. I ______ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 4. The wounded soldier ______ in the snow for hours. A. lie on his back B. has lied on his back C. has been laying on his back D. has been lying on his back 5. Cathy is taking notes of the grammar in class at New Oriental School, where she _____ English for a month. A. studies B. has been studying C. is studying D. studied √ √ √

117 Grammar—Activities Activity 3 Complete the following sentences with the right forms of the verbs. A: Where’s Margaret? B: She (study) at the library. A: When (she, get) back home? B: In an hour or so. Probably around five o’clock. A: How long (she, study) at the library? B: Since two o’clock this afternoon. A: (she, study) at the library every day? B: Not every day, but often. _________ is studying will she get _________ __________________ has she been studying Does she study ____________

118 Fun Time 1. Game: “Birthday Candles”
Teacher brings some birthday cakes and a bunch of candles into the classroom. Teacher asks one child “How old are you?” and give the child the candles of his/her age. The child is encouraged to put the candles on a cake one by one and say “I am years old.” Then teacher will separate the children into several groups, each group with a birthday cake. They will count the right number of the candles according to their own age and put them on the cake. After all the children put the correct number of the candles on the cake, teacher can light the candle and encourage the children to blow out the candles and then share the cake.

119 Fun Time 游戏教案 * Teaching Aims 教学目标
1） 幼儿操练复习“How old are you?” “I am…years old.”的用法。 2） 幼儿熟悉与自己年龄有关的数字。 3） 培养幼儿初步的数字观念。 4） 幼儿熟悉西方过生日的习俗。 * Teaching Aids 教学准备 一些制作好的生日蛋糕和生日蜡烛。 * Teaching Procedures 游戏过程 1) 教师问一个幼儿“How old are you?”幼儿数出正确的蜡烛并插在 蛋糕上。 2) 将幼儿分为几组，每组分得一个蛋糕和一部分蜡烛，鼓励每个 幼儿找出与自己年龄数量相等的蜡烛插在蛋糕上。 3) 吹灭蜡烛，每组幼儿分享生日蛋糕。 （资料来源：成都大学 唐冬梅）

120 2. Song: “Old MacDonald Had a Farm” Old MacDonald Had a Farm
Fun Time 2. Song: “Old MacDonald Had a Farm” Old MacDonald Had a Farm

121 Fun Time

122 Fun Time

123 Fun Time 3. Proverbs and sayings Nature is conquered by obeying her. 只知顺应自然，才能征服自然。 Red sky in the morning, sailor’s warning. 早霞不出门（晚霞行千里）。