Unit 4 Body language.

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1 Unit 4 Body language

2 Useful phrases student association look around step back in defence
dash through on the contrary nod at be likely to in general 学生会 环顾四周 后退 防卫地；戒备地 飞快地穿过 正相反 朝…点头 很可能…；有希望… 大体上,一般来说,通常

3 既不……也不…… 把……介绍给…… 亲吻某人脸颊 做……的方法 站/坐/住得靠近… not…nor… introduce…to… kiss sb. on the cheek the /an approach to doing sth. / the way to do sth. Stand / sit / live close to…

4 Language points

5 1.Yesterday,…representing our university’s student association,…
represent v.代表，象征；体现，表达；描绘，声称; 1).The competition attracted over 500 players representing 8 different countries. 2).He represented himself as an expert. 3).Let me try to represent my ideas to you in another way. 4).The King is represented as a hero in the play. ____________________________________

6 【归纳总结】 represent 1)vt. 代表；描绘；表现，体现，象征；声称，宣称；说明 2) represent sth 代表某物 3)represent sb as/to be…宣称某人为…… 4)represent sth to sb 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事 5)represent sth/sb as sth/sb 把……描绘成…… 【辨析】 stand for只代表某事物或缩略词。 eg.字母E代表什么？ What does the letter “E” stand for?

7 【巩固运用】 用represent的正确形式填空。 1）The red lines on the map represent railway lines. 2）她把自己描绘成世界上最好的母亲。 She represents herself as the kindest mother in the world. 3）They represented their concerns to the authorities.（英译汉） 他们向当局陈述了他们关心的问题。

8 2. … I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.
looking around curiously是动词-ing用作状语，表示伴随状态。 He left off driving a car. He said it angrily, pointing at the notice on the wall.

9 curious为高考高频词汇。adj. 好奇的; 奇特的
考查角度主要有两个： (1) be curious about… “对……感到好奇” (2) be curious to do… “很想做…, 渴望做……”.

10 be curious about sth. / to do sth. It is curious that…不寻常，古怪
John is curious about the origin of mankind. I was curious to know what she said just now. I heard a curious sound in the next room.

11 3. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. closely followed …是过去分词短语，修饰前面的Tony Garcia，相当于非限制性定语从句who was closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain。Tony Garcia与follow之间是动宾关系。比较下面两句话： There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light. Then soldiers walked forward, followed by their dogs.

12 4. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder
and kissed her on the check! approach v. 接近；靠近; Silently we approached the enemy’s camp. approach n. 接近；方法；途径；通道 approach to (doing) sth.（做）某事的方法 Snow announced the approach of winter. The lion’s approach drove away the small animals. All approaches to the city were blocked.

13 approach 【观察思考】 v. 1) National Day is approaching. 2) She approached the bank for a loan. 3) As you approach the town, you will see the college on the left. n. 1) All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police. 2) The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline.

14 【归纳总结】 1)approach vt./vi. 接近，靠近，建议，要求,着手处理，开始对付 n. 接近，方法，途径，通道 2)approach sb./sth.接近/靠近某人/某物 3)approach sb. about/for sth. 向某人要求/建议某事 4)approach sb about doing sth. 建议某人做某事 5)the approach to (doing) sth. 做……的方法/途径

15 【巩固运用】 翻译句子 1）随着冬天的临近，天气变得更冷了。 With the approach of winter the weather got colder. 2）学习外语的最好途径是什么？ What’s the best approach to learning a foreign language?

16 approach / way / means / method

17 1）表“做…的方法”时各自的搭配： the approach to (doing) sth. the way to do/of (doing) sth. the means of (doing) sth. the method of (doing) sth. 2) 表“用这种方法”时各自的搭配： with this method in this way by this means

18 At the meeting they discussed three different _____ to the study of maths.
A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways

19 5…touched her shoulder…..
touch v. touched adj.感激的，激动的，受感动的; touching adj.令人同情的，感人的，动人的 【观察思考】 1）Don’t touch that plate― it’s hot. 2）His story touched us all deeply. 3）Are you still in touch with your friends from college? 4）In his speech he was only able to touch on a few aspects of the problem.

20 【归纳总结】 1) v.触摸；（使）接触,感动 n. 接触，联系 2) touch sb./sth. 触摸/碰某物 3) touch sb. 感动/触动某人 4) be in touch with sb. 与某人有联系 5) touch on/upon sth. 谈及/提及某事 【拓展】 be out of touch with sb 与某人失去联系 lose touch with sb 与某人失去联系 get in touch with sb 与某人取得联系 keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系; be touched by… 被……感动

21 I）I _____ _____ lightly ___ ___ ____ . 2）他的话确实触动了我的心弦。
【巩固运用】 我轻轻地碰了碰他的手臂。 I）I _____ _____ lightly ___ ___ ____ . 2）他的话确实触动了我的心弦。 ___________________________ my heart. 3）自毕业之后我们一直保持联系。（汉译英） touched him on the arm What he said really touched We have kept in touch with each other since graduation.

22 6. …and kissed her on the cheek!
Kiss sb. on the cheek 动词(hit, pull, pat, strike, catch, hold, take) +sb.+介词(in, on, by)+ the + 身体部位或衣着 例：1）She touched him on the shoulder. 她碰了碰他的肩。 2）He took the girl by the hand. 他拉着小女孩的手。 3） He hit her on the nose. 他打了她的鼻子。 4）The stone struck the man in the eye. 石头击中了那人的眼睛。 5）I caught her by the right hand. 我抓住她的右手。

23 比较： 她拍了拍那男孩的头。 She patted the boy on his head. （误，本结构中身体部位或衣着前不用one’s） She patted the boy on the head. （正）

24 7. She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.
defence n. 防御；保卫 The high wall was built as a defence against intruders. [C] A lot of money is spent on defence. [U] defend v. 保护；保卫 Chinese people defended against the Japanese army during World War 2.

25 defend…against / from 保卫…以免受 defend oneself自卫，为自己辩解
in defence自卫，防御 in defence of 保卫…，为…辩护 defend…against / from 保卫…以免受 defend oneself自卫，为自己辩解 The young man joined the army in defence of his country. Soldiers should defend their country against the enemies.

26 adj.1) This is a major road. 2) Water plays a major role in our life.
【观察思考】 adj.1) This is a major road. 2) Water plays a major role in our life. n. Her major is History. vi. She majored in English at Shandong University. 【归纳总结】 1）adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 play a major role in sth 在某事中起重要作用 2）n. 主修课程，专业课3）v. 主修 major in sth 主修（=specialize in sth ） major on sth 专门研究（课题、文体等）

27 【巩固运用】 1）这是一家大跨国公司。 This is a major international company. 2）Never mind― it’s not major. 别担心―这不严重。 3）他在大学主修法语。 He majored in French when he was at university. 4）The majority ______ in favor of banning smoking. A. are B. is C. should being D. A or B

28 9. As I get to know more international friends,
I learn more about this cultural “body language”. get to do在这暗示一个较长的过程，含有“渐渐开始”之意，此时get后接的不定式通常为to know, to like, to hate, to understand, to realize等表示心理感觉的动词。 I really wanted to get to know America. After a time you get to realize that these things don’t matter.

29 10. They both apologized--- another…
apologize v apology n. apologize to sb. for sth. / doing sth./ having done sth. make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth. accept / refuse an apology

30 11. Not all cultures greet each other the same
way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. nor / neither 否定副词, 常置于句首, 此时句子要倒装, 即助动词/系动词/情态动词放在主语之前. nor = and also not / neither I don’t like her, nor/neither does Lily. I am not a nurse, nor/ neither is Lily. with touching 方式状语 = while they are touching…or being…

31 She can’t dance, ________ he. I don’t want to go, ________ I.我也不会去。
I don’t know about it, _______ I care. If you don’t go, ________ I.我也不会去。 nor can nor will nor do nor will

32 Not all“并非全部”，表部分否定。 all, every, everybody, everything, both, always等与否定词 not 连用时，不管not 放前还是放后，均表示部分否定，而非全部否定 。 如：Not all…= all…not“不是全部都…”，用于三者以上。 All the girls don’t like dancing. =Not all the girls like dancing. 不是所有的女孩都喜欢跳舞。

33 Not both…= both…not “不是两个都”
1）I don’t know all of them. 2）I don’t like both of the books. 3）Not every student goes to the farm on Sundays. 4）Not everyone in our class likes football. 我并不全认识他们。 这两本书我并不都喜欢。 并非每个学生星期天都去农场。 在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。

34 I like neither of the two books.
若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。如： all → （一个人也没有、没有任何东西）， both → （两个都不）， every → ， everyone → ， everything → 等。 上述四个例句要表示全部否定应分别为： 1)他们我都不认识。 2)这两本书我都不喜欢。 3)星期天没有学生去农场。 4)我们班没有人喜欢足球。 none neither no one（nobody） no nothing I know none of them. I like neither of the two books. No student goes to the farm on Sundays. No one/ Nobody in our class likes football.

35 12. ..they also express their feelings using unspoken language…
express v; expression n. 为高考高频词汇, 考查角度主要有以下几点： (1)作动词时的多义考查及搭配考查，如express oneself“表达自己的思想感情”； express feelings表达情感;express sympathy/ fear/ anger/interest／thanks／gratitude表示同情／恐惧／生气／兴趣／感谢／感激等。 (2)考查作形容词的用法，如express train特快列车。(3)考查其名词expression表示“表情及神情”的用法，如[2006湖北，23]。

36 13. …and more likely to touch them.
sb./sth. is likely to do sth; 很可能…;有希望… It’s likely that-clause. 注意:likely 的主语可以是人也可以是物, 但不说: It’s likely to do sth. It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. He’s very likely to be late for class. It isn’t likely to rain.（it表天气，并非形式主语。）

37 possible, probable, likely
It’s possible (for sb.) to do sth; It’s possible + that-clause. 注意: possible 的主语不能是人 2) probable语气比possible重，是most likely 之意。常用于这种结构： It’s probable + that 从句 注意: probable 的主语不能是人, 英语中不说: It’s probable to do sth.

38 3) likely 常用于如下结构： sb./sth. is likely to do sth; 很可能…;有希望… It’s likely that-clause. 注意:likely 的主语可以是人也可以是物, 但不说: It’s likely to do sth. It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. He’s very likely to be late for class. It isn’t likely to rain.（it表天气，并非形式主语。） 可能性由弱至强:possible likely probable

39 1）Look, dark clouds are gathering. It is ______ to rain soon.
A. probable B. possible C. likely D. perhaps 2）I think he is ______ to win, but I’m not sure. A. possible B. likely C. probable D. certain 3）I advise you to learn a second language. Me? ______! I’m too slow. A. Not likely B. No problem C. As possible D. Surely

40 Complete the sentences with likely, possible or probable.
1. I think it quite ________ for us to reach the railway station before the train leaves. 2. Who is ______ to go traveling with us? 3. What do you think is the most _____ result? 4. He began to realize his dream would not ______ come true. 5. It is ________ for him to lend us the car. 6. He is ______to come. 7. It’s ________, not only ________. possible likely likely likely possible likely probable possible

41 14. They are simply the ways in which cultures have developed.
译：他们仅仅是文化发展的方式。 【观察思考】 1）Mary smiles the same way which her mother did when she was her age. 2）I’m not happy with this way of working. 3）She was pleased with the way (in which) he apologized to her.

42 【归纳总结】 1）the way(s)之后的定语有三种形式： the way(s) to do sth; the way(s) of doing sth; the way(s)+定语从句。 2）the way(s)之后的定语从句有两种情况：①当way后面的从句中缺少主语、宾语或表 语时，要用关系代词that或which,关系代词作宾语时可以省略。 ②当way后面的从句中缺少状语时，则用that或in which引导定语从句，或者可以省略。

43 This is the way (that ) they used to solve the problem.
翻译： 1）我不喜欢他看我的方式。他好像看不起我。 I didn’t like the way (in which) he eyed me He seemed to look down upon me. 2）这就是他们的生活方式。 This is the way in which/that/不填they live. 3）首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律。 We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.

44 5）Few of us think that is an effective ______ to deal with this problem.
A. way B. means C. method D. approach 6）The way you thought ______ the problem is very ingenious. A. to solve B. of solving C. of of solving D. of to solving

45 15. general 1). adj. 一般的，普遍的，全面的 A matter of ~ concern/ interest 普遍（公众）关心/感兴趣的事情 Air-conditioner is in general use now. 2).总的，整体的 general idea of the passage 3) n.将军

46 generally speaking frankly speaking honestly speaking
In general 大体上, 通常, 总的来讲 In general, he is a good guy. generally speaking frankly speaking honestly speaking

47 16. avoid vt. 避开，避免 avoid (doing ) sth /being done I think she is avoiding me. I avoid meeting him. 17. reach one’s hand out to sb. 某人向某人伸手 18. on the contrary正相反

48 19. close adj. 亲密的，紧密的，严密的；势均力敌的 adv.靠近，接近地 v.(使)关, 关闭,终止 n.终结, 结束, 末尾 a close game /watch/ friend close the door

49 一、根据句义和提示写出正确的单词。 1. With the a___________________ of the New Year, people are all busy buying presents for their family and friends.  2. He stood silently, tears rolling down his c_________.  3. He is a c_________ boy who is always asking questions. 4. The letters USA __________ (代表) the United States of America. approach / approaching cheeks curious represent

50 5. We are working in ____________ (联合)
with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless. 6. His remarks showed that he ___________      (误解) my position on the question. 7. I woke up and was ________ (greet) by bird song. 8. They built a robot capable of understanding ______ (speak) commands. association misunderstood greeted spoken

51 二、选用合适的单词填空。 likely, dash, flight, greet, in general  1. He ______ me in the street with a friendly wave of the hand.  2. An ambulance _________ to the scene      of the accident within ten minutes. 3. _________, it’s easier for boy graduates to get a job in a big company than girl graduates. 4. It’s very _____ that my mother will ring me tonight.  5. I’ll book you on a direct ______ to London. greeted dashed In general likely flight

52 1. It’s dangerous ______________ (站得近) the fire.
2. Tobacco ________________ (引入) Europe in the sixteenth century. 3. I don’t know her, ____________ (我也不知道) who she is. __________________________________ (在上海住了这么多年), he knows the place very well. 5. 今年秋天约翰可能在伦敦。 _____________________________________. to stand close to was introduced into nor do I know Having lived in Shanghai for many years John is likely to be in London this autumn