Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express.

Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking
Pronunciation and listening skills Conversations Passage

Listening for attitudes
Listen to some short conversations and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Tips 根据听力材料中出现的某些指示性词语，如：little或hardly，以及说话人的语气等可以推断出说话人对某一事物的态度是积极的（positive, happy）、消极的（negative, sad）或是中立的（neutral, indifferent）。点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 4

✔ ✔ Listening for attitudes
Listen to some short conversations and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1 What’s the woman’s brother’s attitude toward other people’s opinion of him? ✔ A Concerned. B Interested. C Indifferent. 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 2 What’s the woman’s attitude toward rock music? ✔ A Like B Dislike C Indifferent. 5

Listen to some short conversations and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 3 What’s the woman’s attitude toward going shopping? ✔ A Positive. B Negative. C Neutral. 4 What is most people’s feeling toward this year’s basketball season? 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 ✔ A It’ll be exciting. B It’ll be disappointing. C It’ll be better than last year’s. 6

Listen to some short conversations and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 5 What is the woman’s feeling toward her dormitory? ✔ A Positive. B Negative. C Indifferent. 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 6 What is the man’s attitude toward the play? ✔ A Positive. B Negative. C Neutral. 7

Tips 我们可以通过对话中的提示词、语气、语调等来推测说话者的意图、观点和态度。如第1题中，我们可以从cares little about 中的little 推测出说话者的哥哥不是特别在意别人的看法。再如，从第3题中的so much fun 可以看出说话者非常喜欢购物。人们在兴奋、惊讶或激动时说话的语调就高；在相反的情况下，语调则低。

Scripts 1. M: Your brother likes wearing cool clothes. W: He does. And he cares little about what people think of him. Q: What’s the woman’s brother’s attitude toward other people’s opinion of him? 2. Those old people can’t stand rock music. Yeah, it’s too noisy for them, though young people like us find it very exciting. What’s the woman’s attitude toward rock music? 9

Scripts 3. M: I don’t like going shopping with my girlfriend. It’s so boring and the stores are always so crowded. W: I guess that’s why I can’t be your girlfriend. I go shopping nearly every weekend. It’s so much fun! Q: What’s the woman’s attitude toward going shopping? 4. Jack seems to think that this year’s basketball season will be disappointing. That’s his opinion. Most others have high expectations of it. What is most people’s feeling toward this year’s basketball season? 10

Scripts 5. W: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. It’s crowded and a little messy. I think I need more privacy. M: I know what you mean. Q: What is the woman’s feeling toward her dormitory? 6. How do you like the play you saw last night? Well, it’s nothing like what I expected. Just a waste of time. What is the man’s attitude toward the play? 11

Conversations Conversation 1 Exercises Functional language Conversation 2 Exercises Functional language

So what? It’s not fresh and I’m not ______________. happy about it
Conversation 1 – Complaining & responses 1. Listen to a conversation and complete the following sentences with what you hear. Word tips off adj. （食物）腐坏的，变质的 supplier n. 供应商 look into 调查 complaint n. 投诉 fussy adj. 爱挑剔的 So what? It’s not fresh and I’m not ______________. happy about it 点击右下角的“ABC”按钮可以查看录音原文。 I know______________. We will look into the matter as soon as possible. how you feel

Please_________________ that we will do something about it. be assured
Conversation 1 – Complaining & responses 1. Listen to a conversation and complete the following sentences with what you hear. Besides, I’m afraid I have _______________________ about the poor service. a complaint to make 点击右下角的“ABC”按钮可以查看录音原文。 Please_________________ that we will do something about it. be assured 14

T T F Conversation 1 – Complaining & responses
2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 1 The fish does not taste very good. T 2 The waiter tries to offer something free. F 3 The guest is a person who is very easy to please.

Conversation 1 – Complaining & responses
Scripts Waiter: Is everything to your satisfaction, madam? Guest: : No, the fish is not fresh. It actually tastes a bit off. Oh! I’m sorry to hear that. This is very unusual as we have fresh fish from the regular supplier every day. Guest: So what? It’s not fresh and I’m not happy about it. I’m sorry, madam. Do you wish to try something else? There would be no charge, of course. No. I don’t wish to try anything more. This is very annoying, finding something not fresh, you know. 16

Scripts Waiter: I know how you feel. We will look into the matter as soon as possible. Guest: Besides, I’m afraid I have a complaint to make about the poor service. I expected something better. I see, madam. I’m sure everything will be all right the next time you come. You’re sure of it? I’m very fussy. Please be assured that we will do something about it. Just give us another chance. Man: All right. 17

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 A and B are talking about the restaurant they went to for lunch. A is complaining to B about the food and service. (Sample) Situation 2 A has been looking forward to a live show, and he / she is complaining to B about the difficulty in getting a ticket for the show. (Sample)

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. GUIDED CONVERSATION A: Say you’re unhappy about something. B: Ask the reason. A: Tell B what is annoying you. B: Say you feel sorry for A. A: Make complaints. B: Offer your suggestions. A: Hope for the better. 19

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Tom: Did you enjoy your lunch? Amy: To be frank, not really. I’m afraid I have a complaint to make. Why? It seemed fine with me. One of the dishes we ordered was so salty that I had to drink a lot of water. I expected something better. Oh! I’m sorry to hear that. The service was not good, either. We had to wait for quite a long time until the waiter showed up. I was starving. I know how you feel. Maybe it’s because they were too busy. It seemed that they had a very good business. Next time, we’ll try to get there earlier. I hope they make improvements soon.

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Jerry: Hi, Lily. Have you got the ticket for the live show that you have been talking about? Lily: Yes, but it’s a little disappointing. What’s wrong? You mentioned that your brother could help you get one. Yes, he did get one for me, but the seat is too far from the stage. I know how you feel, but at least you’ve got one. The problem is that he promised to give me the front seat, but he keeps it for himself now. Why don’t you talk to him? I did, but he refused. You can offer to help him wash his clothes for a week. OK. I will give it a try. I hope it works.

Functional Language Complaining Responses I’m not happy about… I’m sorry to hear that. I’m afraid I have a complaint to make. I’m sorry, sir / madam. Can’t you do something about it? This is more than one can bear. It just can’t carry on. I know how you feel. We look into the matter as soon as possible. This is annoying. I expected something better. I’m sure everything will be all right. 22

stressed out adj. 焦虑不安的；紧张的 rack one’s brains 绞尽脑汁 deadline n. 最后期限
Conversation 2 – Making complaints & responses 1. Listen to a conversation and complete the following sentences with what you hear. Word tips stressed out adj. 焦虑不安的；紧张的 rack one’s brains 绞尽脑汁 deadline n. 最后期限 to name a few 仅举几例 23

stand it I expected strict with spoils
Conversation 2 – Making complaints & responses 1. Listen to a conversation and complete the following sentences with what you hear. I don’t know if I can______________ much longer. stand it You are right. I guess university life is not as good as___________ . I expected Actually it’s a good thing that teachers are _________ their students. strict with I know that, but there’s a difference when it ________ your enjoyment of study. spoils

Conversation 2 – Making complaints & responses
2. Listen again and answer the questions with “yes” (Y) or “no” (N). Does Mark like having so much homework to do? N Do the two speakers agree that there should be a balance between work and rest? Y Y Is Mark disappointed at university life?

Scripts Tom: Mark, do you want to play basketball with me? Mark: I’d love to, but I have no time. I’ve got lots of homework to do. Why are you so busy? You look stressed out. I always have so much to do, racking my brains trying to meet deadlines. What kinds of things do you have to do? Write a paper every week, participate in research groups, prepare for tests, to name a few. I don’t know if I can stand it much longer. Yeah, campus life might be tiring, but we students need to balance work and rest. 26

Scripts Mark: You are right. I guess university life is not as good as I expected. I am tired of the endless homework. It’s not what I had in mind. Tom: I feel sorry for you. Try to relax. Actually it’s a good thing that teachers are strict with their students. I know that, but there’s a difference when it spoils your enjoyment of study. 27

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 A is an Art major. He / She is complaining about his / her school life (food quality, poor teaching facilities, few after-class activities, etc.) to his / her mother. (Sample) Situation 2 A went to see a movie yesterday. He / She is complaining to B about the movie (the poor performance of the actors, horrible sound effects, etc.). (Sample)

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. GUIDED CONVERSATION B: Ask A why he / she looks unhappy. A: Tell B the reasons. B: Ask for detailed information. A: Explain in detail. B: Comfort A and say how you feel about it. A: Show thanks for B’s understanding. 29

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Mother: Sweetheart, you don’t look very happy. What’s wrong? Daughter: Mom, I guess university life is not as good as I expected. Actually, it’s a little bit disappointing. What makes you think so? The food in the cafeteria doesn’t taste good. The teaching facilities are poor and there’re not many after-class activities to take part in. It’s not what I had in mind. Dear, I know how you feel. You just need some time to get used to your new university life. Thank you for your understanding. I guess you’re right. Maybe it is not that bad. At least I have got many new friends. I’m glad you’re thinking that way.

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Lisa: Good morning, Mary. How was the movie you saw yesterday? Mary: Well, I don’t really like it. It’s just not my type. I heard it was very popular with young people. Why don’t you like it? Well, the actors’ performance sucks. The sound effects are horrible. I really can’t stand it. I’m sorry to hear that, but don’t let it ruin your day. You’re right. Thanks for talking to me. You’re welcome. That’s what friends are for.

Complaining Conversation 2 – Making complaints & responses
Functional Language Complaining I really can’t stand it. I’m fed up with... I’m sick / tired of… It’s not what I had in mind / hoped for. I just hate the way you… It’s got to stop! I hate to bring this up, but… I’m sorry to say this, but…

Cambridge University 剑桥大学（英国） Latin n. 拉丁语 nominally adv. 名义上
Passage 1. Listen to a passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Word tips Cambridge University 剑桥大学（英国） Latin n. 拉丁语 nominally adv. 名义上 deny v. 拒绝 Pepsi n. 百事可乐 fine v. 对······处以罚款 sword n. 剑

Passage 1. Listen to a passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 The student asked the teacher to bring him beer and hamburgers. T 2 The teacher was very surprised at the student’s request. F 3 The student enjoyed his food and drink so much that he stopped answering the exam paper. 34

A English B Latin C Greek
Passage 2. Listen again and choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 1. The copy of the 400-year-old Laws of Cambridge was written in _____. B A English B Latin C Greek

2. The student was fined five pounds for_____. C
Passage 2. Listen again and choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 2. The student was fined five pounds for_____. C A not answering the exam paper B asking for food and drink during the exam C not wearing a sword to the exam 3. The story is intended to be _____. A A humorous B educative C informative 36

The dialog went like this: “I beg your pardon?”, the teacher said.
Passage Scripts Here is a true story regarding(关于) exams at Cambridge University. During an exam one day a bright student raised his hand and asked the teacher to bring him cakes and beer. The dialog went like this: “I beg your pardon?”, the teacher said. “Sir, I request that you bring me cakes and beer.” “Sorry, no. That will not happen.” “Sir, I really must insist. I request and require that you bring me cakes and beer.” At this point, the student took out a copy of the 400-year-old Laws of Cambridge, written in Latin and still nominally in effect（有效）, and pointed to the part which said, “Gentlemen sitting exams may request and require cakes and beer.”

Passage Scripts The teacher, though very surprised, could no longer deny his request. Since cakes and beer couldn’t be found immediately, Pepsi and hamburgers were brought to the student. And the student sat there, happily enjoying the food and drink while answering the exam paper. Three weeks later, the student was fined five pounds. The reason was very simple. According to the 400-year-old Laws of Cambridge, he was supposed to wear a sword to the exam. 38

Passage 3. Suppose your class is collecting opinions on the current school rules. Do you have any complaints to make? What suggestions would you like to offer?

Passage 3. Suppose your class is collecting opinions on the current school rules. Do you have any complaints to make? What suggestions would you like to offer? I have some complaints among which the most annoying thing is we are not allowed to curtain our beds in our dorm. Otherwise we will be fined 20 to 50 yuan. Although this will make the dorm look neat and clean, I think this rule is quite unfair. Usually six students share the same room. Sometimes we want to have more privacy, so we prefer to have a curtain to separate us from the outside world. I suggest that we should be allowed to curtain our beds. 40

Passage A Passage B Reading
Techniques to rapidly improve your self-confidence Passage B More than gold

Techniques to rapidly improve your self-confidence
Passage A Techniques to rapidly improve your self-confidence Lead-in Text study Exercises

Passage A – Techniques to rapidly improve your self-confidence
Lead-in Extended reading Pre-reading questions Video appreciation

Catch the star that will take you to your dream
Passage A – Techniques to rapidly improve your self-confidence Lead-in - Extended reading Catch the star that will take you to your dream Catch the star that holds your destiny, the one that forever twinkles within your heart. Take advantage of precious opportunities while they still sparkle before you. Always believe that your ultimate goal is attainable as long as you commit yourself to it. 当生命中的那颗星在你内心闪耀的时候，要学会把握它，永远相信只要自己持之以恒，就一定能够实现自己心中的梦想。

Lead-in - Extended reading Though barriers may sometimes stand in the way of your dreams, remember that your destiny is hiding behind them. Accept the fact that not everyone is going to approve of the choices you’ve made. Have faith in your judgment. Catch the star that twinkles in your heart and it will lead you to your destiny’s path. Follow that pathway and uncover the sweet sunrises that await you. 尽管通往梦想的道路上总有坎坷，你需要记住的是，你的命运就隐藏在那困难背后。学会接受这样的事实：不是每一个人都赞同你的选择。你要坚定自己的判断走下去。捕捉住那颗在你内心闪耀的星吧，它将引领你抵达自己的命运之路。沿那条路走下去，你就会发现那属于自己的美丽日出。

Lead-in - Extended reading Take pride in your accomplishments, as they are stepping stones to your dreams. Understand that you may make mistakes, but don’t let them discourage you. Value your capabilities and talents for they are what make you truly unique. The greatest gifts in life are not purchased, but acquired through hard work and determination. Find the star that twinkles in your heart—for you alone are capable of making your brightest dreams come true. Give your hopes everything you’ve got and you will catch the star that holds your destiny. 为自己的成绩自豪，因为它们是你通往梦想的阶梯。要知道你自己也会犯错误，但是可别因此而气馁。正确评价自己的能力，是它们令你与众不同。生活里最丰厚的礼物不是买来的，而是通过艰苦的努力和决心获得的。找到在你内心闪耀的那颗星吧，虽然你独自一人，但也有能力实现你最辉煌的梦想。对即得的怀抱希望并抓住那颗掌控你命运的星吧。

Pre-reading questions Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. Are you a self-confident person? Why or why not ? 2. In your opinion, what are the characteristics a self-confident person should have? Sample answer: Yes. I am a self-confident person. I always believe I can succeed as long as I try my best. A self-confident person should be sure of his or her abilities. When meeting challenges or difficulties, he or she should be optimistic, active and enthusiastic.

Lead-in - Video appreciation The Lion King 48

Text study Text reading Organization of the text Language points

Techniques to rapidly improve your
Passage A Techniques to rapidly improve your self-confidence One of the most important qualities that a person must possess in order to achieve happiness and satisfaction is self-confidence. Self-confidence refers to a person’s belief that he has the ability to accomplish tasks and overcome challenges. These challenges can be anything, such as completing an assignment, performing well at work, or simply interacting with family members. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ ________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 按图标S只显示需讲解的句子超链接；按图标W只显示需讲解的词汇和短语超链接；按扫帚图标清除所有超链接标记。按上箭头回到上一层。 ______________________ 50

Passage A 2. Often, it is easier for a person to have more confidence in others than in themselves. This is not healthy. Self-confidence is what gives people the drive to work toward their goals and the perseverance to continue when difficulties arise. It simply makes people feel good about themselves. Those that are self-confident are happier and are able to achieve their goals more easily. _____________________________________ ______________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 51

______________________________________________
Passage A Passage A Self-confidence is a must-have in today’s world. If a person lacks this essential quality, then he is usually overlooked when good chances come around. People without self- confidence are less noticed. They merely sit quietly in the background, ignored. In contrast, people with self- confidence are ready to express their thoughts and feelings, have more enthusiasm and show a stronger desire to succeed. They work hard to achieve their goals. They feel good about themselves and their ability. They strive to excel in ways that those who lack self-confidence only dream about. This is why, if a person wants to be successful, he must first work on improving his self-confidence. __________ ______________________________________________ ____________________________ ________________________ _________________ _____________________________ ________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ________ ________________ ______________________________________________ ______ 52

4. Here are 10 ways to improve your self-confidence:
Passage A Passage A 4. Here are 10 ways to improve your self-confidence: Improve your physical appearance. Exercising, eating properly and dressing well are excellent ways of doing this. If you feel good about your outward appearance then you are more likely to feel the same inwardly. 6. Concentrate on achieving smaller goals, rather than focusing on the final overwhelming task. Focusing on smaller successes creates a feeling of consistent achievement and allows you to deal with larger challenges over time. 53

Passage A Don’t put things off! When people are stressed, they don’t operate at their highest level. Start on your tasks immediately and you will find that you will have more success and less anxiety. Help others when they’re in need. Lending a hand naturally makes everyone feel good. It boosts one’s self-confidence to see that others are better off because of something that you did to help. It may be something small or something major. It doesn’t matter because even the little things count. _______________ ________________________________________________ _________________________________________ 54

11. 7 Develop a clear plan. Take time to create a plan to
Learn a new skill. Nothing makes you feel more confident than when you master something new. Take time to invest in yourself, to build your self-confidence. 10. Stop beating yourself up. Don’t concentrate on your weaknesses. Work to exclude the negativity from your life. Focus on the positive things you have done or are going to do. 11. 7 Develop a clear plan. Take time to create a plan to accomplish your goals. Nothing is more damaging to self-confidence than failure. You wouldn’t go on an expedition without a map, so take the time to create a plan for success. _____________________________ _______________________________________________

Passage A Increase your network. You are an image of those you associate with. Seek out and enhance relationships with people who have the self-confidence characteristics you are looking for. A rising tide lifts all ships. Be thankful for what you have been given. Sometimes our vision is clouded by feelings of self-pity. Take some time to evaluate all of the things you have to be grateful for and then be truly thankful. Life can always be worse. And your journey to success has to start from somewhere. ________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _____

Passage A Boost your self-confidence with a motivational speech. Nothing lifts our spirits more than a motivational speech. Give yourself a burst of motivation, self-confidence and inspiration by listening to the insights and expertise of a trained motivational speaker or trainer. 15. The path to self-confidence is continuous. Work hard on it, and you will find the benefits of believing in yourself are endless.

Organization of the text Part I (Para. ______) 1-3 Introduction: Definition and importance of self-confidence. Structure Part II (Para. ______) 4-14 Main body: 10 ways to improve self-confidence. Part III (Para. ______) 15 Conclusion: Work hard to build up self-confidence

One of the most important qualities that a person must possess in order to achieve happiness and satisfaction is self-confidence. (Line 1, Para. 1) 一个人要想获得幸福和满足，必备的最重要的品质之一就是自信。本句主语部分较长，其中的定语从句 that a person must possess in order to achieve happiness and satisfaction 修饰先行词 qualities。我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。 The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher.

Self-confidence refers to a person’s belief that he has the ability to accomplish tasks and overcome challenges. (Line 4, Para. 1) 自信指的是一个人相信自己有能力完成任务、战胜挑战。 that 引导同位语从句，说明 belief 的内容。同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea, thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, ability等等。他会再来这里，这是毫无疑问的。 There is no doubt that he will come here again. 60

Self-confidence is what gives people the drive to work toward their goals and the perseverance to continue when difficulties arise. (Line 3, Para. 2) 自信能赋予人们朝着目标前进的动力和遇到困难时坚持向前的恒心。 what 引导表语从句。当what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。他已不是从前的他了。 He is not what he used to be.

Self-confidence is what gives people the drive to work toward their goals and the perseverance to continue when difficulties arise. (Line 3, Para. 2) gives 后面跟了两个直接宾语 the drive 和 the perseverance，二者后面都使用动词不定式短语作定语。 drive: n. the determination and ambition of a person to achieve sth. 决心；动力；雄心他的决心和活力帮助他赢得了决赛。 His drive and energy helped him win the final match.

If a person lacks this essential quality, then he is usually overlooked when good chances come around. (Line 2, Para. 3) 如果一个人缺少这项基本素质，那么当好机会来临时，他常常会被忽视。 lack v. to not have sth. that you need, or not have enough of it. 没有；缺乏约翰的真正问题在于他缺乏勇气。 John’s real problem is that he lacks courage.

If a person lacks this essential quality, then he is usually overlooked when good chances come around. (Line 2, Para. 3) lack n. a situation in which you do not have any or do not have enough of sth. you need 缺乏；短缺他的举止缺乏自信。 There was a lack of confidence in his manner. overlook v. to not notice sth. 忽视，忽略你不能忽视父母爱你的事实。 You can’t overlook the fact that your parents love you.

to recur; to happen as usual（有规律的事情）发生，来到 come around/ round:
If a person lacks this essential quality, then he is usually overlooked when good chances come around. (Line 2, Para. 3) to recur; to happen as usual（有规律的事情）发生，来到 come around/ round: 夏天到来时，玛丽感觉好多了。 By the time the summer came around, Mary was feeling much better.

They merely sit quietly in the background, ignored. (Line 6, Para. 3) 他们只静静地坐在暗处，不被人关注。 ignored 在这里的用法为过去分词作状语。他们进来了，后面跟着他们的孩子。 They came in, followed by their children.

In contrast, people with self-confidence are ready to express their thoughts and feelings, have more enthusiasm and show a stronger desire to succeed. (Line 7, Para. 3) 相反，自信的人愿意表达自己的思想和感情，有更多热情，并显示出较强的成功欲望。 in contrast:与此相反；相比之下 It was cold yesterday, but in contrast it’s hot today. 昨天很冷，相反今天很热。 be ready to do sth.: 愿意做某事；乐意做某事

They strive to excel in ways that those who lack self- confidence only dream about. (Line 12, Para. 3) 他们追求卓越的方式对于那些缺乏自信的人来说只能是梦想。 that在句中引导了定语从句，先行词为ways，该定语从句中还嵌套了一个定语从句who lack self-confidence。

It boosts one’s self-confidence to see that others are better off because of something that you did to help. (Line 2, Para. 8) 看到别人因你的帮助而变得更好能增强你的自信。 it 为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语，移到了句子后部。 see 后面跟了由 that 引导的宾语从句，它又嵌套了一个定语从句 that you did to help，修饰先行词 something。

没有什么比掌握一些新东西更能让你自信了。
Nothing makes you feel more confident than when you master something new. (Line 1, Para. 9) 没有什么比掌握一些新东西更能让你自信了。 nothing is / was more… than sth.: 没有比某事/某物更……的了。没有什么比幸福和健康更重要的了。 Nothing is more important than happiness and health.

尝试结交那些拥有你正在努力想获得的自信品质的人，并增进和他们的感情。
Seek out and enhance relationships with people who have the self-confidence characteristics you are looking for. (Line 2, Para. 12) 尝试结交那些拥有你正在努力想获得的自信品质的人，并增进和他们的感情。 who 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 people，这个定语从句中又嵌套了一个定语从句 you are looking for，修饰 the self-confidence characteristics。

Sometimes our vision is clouded by feelings of self-pity.
(Line 1, Para. 13) 有时我们的视野会被自我怜悯所遮蔽。 cloud: v. to make sb. less able to think clearly or make sensible decisions 把······搞糊涂 cloud sb’s judgment / vision / mind, etc.: 影响某人的判断/视野/思维不要让你的个人感情影响你的判断。 Don’t allow your personal feelings to cloud your judgment.

(Line 2, Para. 1) achieve v. to successfully complete sth. or get a good result, especially by working hard 实现；获得她希望实现当歌唱家的抱负。 She hoped to achieve her ambition to become a singer. 他通过和平手段达到了他的目的。 He achieved his goal by peaceful means.

(Line 4, Para. 1) belief n. the feeling that sth. is definitely true or definitely exists 信心；信念我们坚信，改善医疗保健会使经济更加繁荣昌盛。 It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. 出于宗教信仰，他拒绝在礼拜天进行比赛。 He refuses to compete on Sundays because of his religious beliefs.

(Line 5, Para. 1) accomplish v. to succeed in doing sth., especially after trying very hard 完成；实现他这个人成事不足，败事有余。 He is a man who will spoil rather than accomplish things. 纵然任务艰巨,我们也要及时完成。 We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.

(Line 6, Para. 1) overcome 1) v. to fight and win against sb. or sth. 战胜；制服政府军队最终战胜了叛军。 Government troops have finally overcome rebel forces . 2) v. to successfully control a feeling or problem that prevents you from achieving sth. 克服他努力克服他的羞怯。 He struggled to overcome his shyness. 76

(Line 7, Para. 1) assignment 1) n. a piece of work that is given to sb. as part of their job （分配的）任务她高兴地接受了任务。 She gladly accepted the assignment. 2) n. a piece of work that a student is asked to do 作业英语作业是写一份读书报告。 The English assignment is a book report. 77

(Line 8, Para. 1) interact vt. if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together, etc.交流；交往（常与with搭配） Lucy interacts well with other children in the class. 露茜和班上其他孩子相处得很好。 78

(Line 2, Para. 3) essential 1) adj. the essential part, quality, or feature of sth. is the most basic one 最基本的；本质的接力比赛中最基本的因素就是团队合作。 The essential point of relay racing is that it is a team effort. 2) adj. extremely important and necessary 极其重要的；必不可少的良好的饮食对每个人来说都是必不可少的。 A good diet is essential for everyone. 79

(Line 5, Para. 3) ignore vt. to not pay any attention to sb. or sth. 忽视；不理对这一状况不闻不问，那就是不负责任。 It would be irresponsible to ignore the situation. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。 They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed. 80

(Line 7, Para. 3) enthusiasm n. a strong feeling of interest and enjoyment about sth. and an eagerness to be involved in it 热情；热忱我确实钦佩你的热情。 I really admire your enthusiasm. enthusiastic: adj. 热情的；热心的；狂热的

(Line 9, Para. 3) strive vi. to make a great effort to achieve sth. 努力；奋斗常见的搭配有：strive to do sth. 努力做某事 I was still striving to be a successful musician. 我仍在努力成为一个成功的音乐家。

(Line 9, Para. 3) excel v. to do sth. very well, or much better than most people 擅长；突出她超过同时代的所有其他作家。 She excelled all other authors of her day. 你在做什么，就要擅长什么。 Excel at what you do.

(Line 4, Para. 5) outward adj. relating to how a person or situation seems to be, rather than how it really is 外表的；表面的这药只供外用。 The medicine is for outward application only. Carol hid her disappointment under an outward cheerfulness. 卡罗尔表面上的高兴掩盖了她内心的失望。

(Line 4, Para. 5) inwardly adv. in a secret or hidden way that is not obvious to other people 在内心我当时怒火中烧。 I was inwardly furious. I managed to smile, but inwardly I was angry. 我试图微笑，但内心里很生气。

(Line 2, Para. 6) overwhelming adj. much larger, greater, more important, etc. than any other 巨大的；压倒性的 The proposal has been given overwhelming support. 该提案已经被给予了强大的支持。 overwhelm: vt. 淹没；压倒；覆盖；压垮

(Line 3, Para. 6) consistent adj. continuing to happen or develop in the same way 持续的；稳定发展的常见搭配：be consistent with His action is always consistent with his words. 他始终言行一致。

(Line 1, Para. 7) put sth. off 推迟；拖延因为天气不好，比赛已经推迟到明天举行。 The match has been put off until tomorrow because of bad weather.

(Line 2, Para. 7) operate v. to do your job or try to achieve things in a particular way 工作；行事 operate as; operate by doing sth.; 销售部的员工通常是团队运作。 The sales staff usually operate as a team. 卡尔森的做法是先获取人们的信任然后再骗取他们的钱财。 Carlson operated by gaining people’s confidence and then taking their money.

(Line 2, Para. 8) boost v. to increase or improve sth. and make it more successful 促进；推动新的度假区促进了旅游业的发展。 The new resort area has boosted tourism. 销售额增加使他们的股票价格今天再次攀升。 Their share price climbed again today, boosted by rising sales.

(Line 3, Para. 8) better off adj. happier, improved, more successful, etc. 更好的他发觉自己比其他所有的同伴都好不了多少。 He found himself no better off than any of his compeers. 他们比我们富得多。 They are much better off than us.

(Line 3, Para. 9) invest in 投入（金钱或时间在对自己有用的东西上）现在是投资房地产市场的好时机。 Now is a good time to invest in the property market.

(Line 1, Para. 10) beat yourself up 太过自责如果你尽力后仍然失败了，你也不必太过自责。 If you do your best and you lose, you don’t need to beat yourself up about it.

(Line 2, Para. 10) exclude sth. from 把······排除在外；不包括报告中有些数据被特别地排除在外。 Some of the data was specifically excluded from the report.

(Line 2, Para. 12) associate with sb. 与某人交往我不喜欢和你交往的那些人。 I don’t like those people you’re associating with.

(Line 2, Para. 12) seek out 找出；找到我们的任务就是找到敌人并摧毁他们。 Our mission is to seek out the enemy and destroy them.

(Line 2, Para. 12) enhance v. to improve sth. 增进；提高 The measures taken should considerably enhance the residents’ quality of life. 采取的措施应该明显提高居民的生活质量。

(Line 3, Para. 13) evaluate v. to judge how good, useful, or successful sth. 评估；评价 You should be able to evaluate your own work. 你应该能够评估你自己的工作。

(Line 3, Para. 13) grateful adj. feeling that you want to thank sb. because of sth. kind that they have done, or showing this feeling 感谢的；感激的 I’m so grateful for all your help. 对于你给予的所有帮助我深怀感激。

(Line 1, Para. 14) motivational adj. giving you the enthusiasm to do or create sth. 鼓舞人心的；激发积极性的 motivation 积极性；动力 Jones gave a motivational speech at the opening ceremony. 琼斯在开幕式上做了一场鼓舞人心的演讲。 Jack is a smart student, but he lacks motivation. 杰克是个聪明的学生，但是缺乏积极性。

(Line 3, Para. 14) burst 1) n. a sudden strong feeling or emotion 情感的突然爆发她突然愤怒地打了他。 She hit him in a burst of anger. 2) v. to suddenly begin to make a sound,especially to start sing, crying or laughing.爆发；迸发；突然······起来(into) 她大哭起来。 She burst into tears.

(Line 5, Para. 14) expertise n. special skills or knowledge in a particular subject that you learn by experience or training 专门技能；专门知识 The company is keen to develop its own expertise in the area of computer programming. 这家公司注重发展自己在电脑程序设计领域的专长。 This question falls outside my area of expertise. 这个问题不属于我的专业知识范围。

(Line 1, Para. 15) continuous adj. continuing to happen or exist without stopping 持续的；不间断的 The church has been in continuous use since 1732. 自1732年以来该教堂一直在持续使用。

Passage A – Exercises Comprehension Vocabulary & Structure Translation

Passage A – Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 People tend to be more confident in themselves than in other people. T 2 People with self-confidence are more enthusiastic and show a stronger desire to succeed. T Focusing on smaller goals will help people create a feeling of consistent achievement and help them overcome larger challenges. T 4 People must take time to master something new in order to build up their self-confidence.

2. Work in groups to answer the following questions. 1 Are the techniques mentioned in the passage suitable for you? Why or why not? 2 Can you think of some other ways to improve your self-confidence? If yes, what are they?

2. Work in groups to answer the following questions. 1 Are the techniques mentioned in the passage suitable for you? Why or why not? Most of them are suitable for me. For example, I always tend to focus on my weaknesses and the difficulties whenever I do something. Thus I lack courage and self-confidence. But now, I learn that I should focus more on the positive aspects and have confidence in myself. 107

2. Work in groups to answer the following questions. 2 Can you think of some other ways to improve your self-confidence? If yes, what are they? I can improve my self-confidence by reading motivational books. The inspiring words in the books help me overcome difficulties and strive for success! 108

enhance insight evaluate consistent motivation
Passage A – Vocabulary and structure 1. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. consistent enhance motivation insight evaluate 1. Singing can ___________ the bond between us. enhance 2. The book gives ___________ into how people from different parts of the world see things. insight 3. I cannot ___________ his ability without seeing his work. evaluate 4. People want the government to deal with the issue in a clear and ___________ way. consistent 5. If pressure gives you the push toward your goal, ___________ gives you the pull. motivation

about in about/of on for Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
2. Complete the following sentences with proper prepositions. 1. We want people to try something new and feel good ___________ their achievements. about 2. You should have more confidence ___________ your own abilities. in 3. They had the kind of house we could only dream ___________. about/of 4. We decided to concentrate ___________ finding a home closer to Los Angeles. on 5. The Internet has made it easy ___________ people to obtain information at home. for 110

self-service self-employed self-introduction self-control
Passage A – Vocabulary and structure 3. Add the prefix “self-” to the words given below. Then complete the following sentences with the words thus formed. service control introduction satisfied employed 1. A __________ restaurant is a place where you can get things for yourself rather than being served by waiters. self-service 2. One of the best things I ever did was quitting my day job and becoming _____________. self-employed self-introduction 3. I’d like the students to give the class a _______________, so we can get to know each other. 4. If you have a problem with ___________ or willpower, do something about it. self-control 5. A _____________ smile settled on his face. self-satisfied

he is likely to make the final decision before the end of the year
Passage A – Vocabulary and structure 4. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese given in brackets into English using the expression “be likely to”. Sample: If you feel good about your outward appearance then you are more likely to feel the same inwardly ( 那你在内心也很可能自我感觉良好). he is likely to make the final decision Tom says that ____________________________________ ______________________ (他有可能在年底以前做出最后的决定). before the end of the year It is said that _____________________________ (她很有可能出国深造) . she is very likely to study overseas 112

he is likely to be the next principal of the school
Passage A – Vocabulary and structure 4. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese given in brackets into English using the expression “be likely to”. Sample: If you feel good about your outward appearance then you are more likely to feel the same inwardly ( 那你在内心也很可能自我感觉良好). 3. We are glad to know that __________________________ ____________________ (他非常有可能成为下一任校长). he is likely to be the next principal of the school 4. ____________________________ (他不太可能完成这个任务) within such a short time. He is not likely to finish the task 113

Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
5. Complete the following passage by choosing from the words given below. Do not use any of the words more than once. ambition accomplish overcome courage trust perseverance self-confidence importance inherent ignored crucial overwhelming exclude negativity successful People say that 1) _____________ is half of the success and can bring us the 2) _____________ to stick to what we do. It is of great 3) ___________ and value to a person. Firstly, self-confidence enables us to have the 4) _________ to be successful. Only when we have the ambition to be successful, can we be 5) ____________ eventually. Secondly, once we gain self-confidence, we will self-confidence perseverance importance ambition successful

Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
5. Complete the following passage by choosing from the words given below. Do not use any of the words more than once. accomplish overcome courage trust inherent ignored crucial overwhelming exclude negativity possess the courage and strength to 6) __________ the setbacks (挫折) and difficulties. With self-confidence, no one and nothing can stop us from achieving success. Thirdly, with self-confidence we may 7) ____________ something which seems to be 8) _____________ previously. We should, or have to 9) _______ in ourselves. In short, self-confidence is the spiritual pillar (支柱) of a person, which is 10) _________ to one’s success. overcome accomplish overwhelming trust crucial

Passage A – Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. They strive to excel in ways that those who lack self-confidence only dream about. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 他们追求卓越的方式对于那些缺乏自信的人来说只能是梦想。 2. Give yourself a burst of motivation, self-confidence and inspiration by listening to the insights and expertise of a rained motivational speaker or trainer. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 聆听训练有素的、励志的演讲者或培训师的见解或专业知识能帮助你激发动力、自信和灵感。

Passage A – Translation
2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English with the help of the words or phrases given in brackets. 1. 老师常告诉我们，今天能做的事，不要拖到明天。(put sth. off) _______________________________________________ Our teacher always tells us that we shouldn’t put off things which can be done today until tomorrow. 2. 真正重要的是你是否熟练地掌握了计算机技能。(count) _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ What really counts is whether you have skilfully mastered the computer skills. 3.虽然我们是朋友，但我不喜欢你结交的那些人。 (associate with) _________________________________________________ Although we are friends, I don’t like those people you associate with.

Passage B More than gold Lead-in Text study Exercises

Passage B – More than gold
Lead-in Pre-reading activity Background information Video appreciation 119

Pre-reading Work in groups to do the following activities. Match the terms in Column A with their Chinese translations in Column B. Column A Column B 平衡木自由体操艺术体操跳马鞍马高低杠 rhythmic gymnastics uneven bars balance beam pommel horse floor vault

Pre-reading Work in groups to do the following activities. Talk about what you know about the sports in Activity 1. Sample answer: The floor exercise is an event for both male and female artistic gymnasts. It’s the fourth and last of the women’s apparatus, competed after vault, uneven bars, and balance beam in Olympic order. Men compete the floor exercise first according to the Olympic order (floor exercise, pommel horse, rings, vault, parallel bars, and high bar). The allowed time for a floor exercise is 50 to 70 seconds for males and 70 to 90 seconds for females. Unlike men, women always perform routines to music of their choice. 121

Gymnastics Passage B – More than gold Background information 1. Vault
2. Uneven bars 3. Balance beam 4. Floor 122

Gymnastics Gymnastics is a complex competition involving the performance of exercises requiring physical strength, flexibility, power, agility, coordination, grace, balance and control. Internationally, all of the competitive gymnastic events are governed by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG) (国际体操联合会). Each country has its own national governing body (BIW) affiliated to FIG. Competitive artistic gymnastics is the best known of the gymnastic events. It typically involves the women‘s events of uneven bars (高低杠), balance beam (平衡木), floor exercise (自由体操), and vault (跳马). Men’s events are floor exercise, pommel horse (鞍马), still rings (吊环), vault, parallel bars (双杠), and the high bar (高杠). 123

Gymnastics 124

1. Vault In the vaulting events gymnasts sprint down a 25 metres (82 ft) runway, jump onto or perform a roundoff entry onto a springboard (run/ take-off segment), land momentarily, inverted on the hands on the vaulting horse, or vaulting table (pre flight segment), then sprint off of this platform to a two footed landing (post flight segment). Every gymnast starts at a different point on the vault runway depending on their height and strength. 125

2. Uneven bars On the uneven bars, the gymnast performs a routine on two horizontal bars set at different heights. These bars are made of fiberglass covered in wood laminate, to prevent them from breaking. The width of the bars may be adjusted. Gymnasts perform swinging, circling, transitional, and release moves, that may pass over, under, and between the two bars. Movements may pass through the handstand. Gymnasts often mount the Uneven Bars using a springboard, or a small mat. Chalk and grips (a leather strip with holes for fingers to protect hands and improve performance) may be used while doing this event. 126

2. Uneven bars

3. Balance beam The gymnast performs a choreographed routine of up to 90 seconds in length consisting of leaps, acrobatic skills, somersaults, turns and dance elements on a padded beam. The beam is 125 centimetres (4 ft 1 in) from the ground, 500 centimetres (16 ft 5 in) long, and 10 centimetres (3.9 in) wide. The event requires, in particular, balance, flexibility, poise and strength. 128

4. Floor Today, the floor event occurs on a carpeted 12m × 12m square, usually consisting of hard foam over a layer of plywood, which is supported by springs or foam blocks generally called a "spring" floor. This provides a firm surface that provides extra bounce or spring when compressed, allowing gymnasts to achieve extra height and a softer landing than would be possible on a standard floor. Gymnasts perform a choreographed routine up to 90 seconds in the floor exercise event. They must choose an accompanying music piece.

Lead-in - Video appreciation Ice Princess 130

Text study Text reading Organization of the text Language points

Passage B More than gold “Up next on the beam is No.7 of team Desert Devils,” I heard the announcer saying. Raising my eyes to the crowd, I saw my family grinning, ready to watch the game. Quickly looking back to the judges, I waited for their salute. My stomach was filled with anxious butterflies. After the judges examined my stance, they gave me approval to begin. I slowly inhaled as I mounted the beam and suddenly I was skillfully and easily gliding across the narrow surface lost in my routine. ____________________________________________ _____________________________________ _________ __________________________________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ ___________________________ _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ____________________ 132

___________________________________________________
Passage B 2. Gymnastics has consumed my life since I was five. Practicing 15 hours a week, the sport molded me into a hard-working, goal-setting child filled with aspirations. I never allow myself to give up easily no matter how hard it is. Then there was this particular stunt that for whatever reason I could not seem to master. I dreaded the front hip circle on the high bar. Even with my teammates encouraging me, I could never follow through with the final turn. Knowing that the state competition was just around the corner, I realized I could cost my team the gold medal. Why can’t I do this? I’m the only one who can’t master this stunt. The way I saw it, I was a failure if I couldn’t do what seemed impossible. ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ _______________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ____________ 133

Passage B 3. The coaches pushed us to our limits. Passing out or throwing up was common and if we didn’t push ourselves, we were viewed as people who gave up easily. I suppose that is why I was so affected by my inability to master that front hip circle. 4. The day before the competition, my coaches and I planned slight changes in my routine that eliminated the front hip circle. We all knew that this would dock me major points, but it was our only choice. I had given up for the first time in my life. 134

Passage B 5. The next day, I was a nervous wreck. This competition was crucial. Winning the Arizona State Competition would put us above our closest rival. As I did my floor and vault routines, my mind was preoccupied with the high bar. It was not until I mounted the balance beam that I came to realize that I was a powerful being who controlled my future. This gave me great strength as I finished my balance beam routine with a score of 9.3. 6. I moved to my high bar routine and for whatever reason, I suddenly felt as if I could accomplish anything. I could do the front hip circle. I just knew I could. I plunged forward with all my might and thrust my body over the top of the bar. Time stopped as I felt my body make a full rotation around the bar. But this time I didn’t fall off as I rounded the last turn. No. _______________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________ ______________________________________

Passage B 7. I did a feat that I had thought impossible. I grinned as I finished with a strong sense of passion. I looked to my coaches as I got off and waited for their reaction. Their faces glowed with pride as they told me they had always believed in me. I just hadn’t believed in myself. That competition awarded our overall team the gold medal. I was also personally awarded the gold medal for my balance beam routine, but nothing was more rewarding than what I had accomplished on the high bar. 8. That one competition rewarded me with more than a gold medal. That day I not only learned how important inner strength is, but also how miraculous believing in yourself can be. I never realized that I had the ability to control my own life until that very moment. I always felt my parents, coaches or friends were the leaders to follow. Now I see that sometimes you have to follow your own heart, and then you’ll realize it is possible to conquer the impossible. _________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __

Organization of the text Part I (Para. ______) 1 Beginning: I participated in the gymnastics competition. Structure Part II (Para. ______) 2-7 Development: How I overcame my inner fear and won the competition. Part III (Para. ______) 8 End: What I learned from the competition. 137

“Up next on the beam is No.7 of team Desert Devils,” I heard the announcer saying. (Line 1, Para. 1) “下一个登上平衡木的是沙漠旋风队的七号队员，”我听见播音员说道。为了使描绘显得更加生动，一些表示方位的副词比如up, in, out等可以移到句首，后面用倒装。箭向上空中射去。 Up went the arrow into the air. 一个她从未见过的女孩进来了。 In came a girl she has not seen before. 138

“Up next on the beam is No.7 of team Desert Devils,” I heard the announcer saying. (Line 1, Para. 1) hear sb. doing : 听见某人正在做某事。 doing为现在分词，在某些动词后面构成复合宾语。与hear有类似用法的动词还有see, smell, catch, feel, find等。我看见他每天经过我的屋子。 I see him passing my house every day. 139

Raising my eyes to the crowd, I saw my family grinning, ready to watch the game. (Line 3, Para. 1) 听到这里，我向人群眺望，看见家人满脸笑容, 准备观看比赛。 raising my eyes to the crowd 为现在分词短语作状语，ready to watch the game 为形容词短语作状语。形容词作状语时，常和句子的谓语用逗号隔开。她返回波斯顿，急切地去见她的孩子。 She went back to Boston, eager to see her children. 140

My stomach was filled with anxious butterflies. (Line 6, Para. 1) 我十分紧张。这句话是从 have / get butterflies in sb.’s stomach(感到紧张；感到兴奋) 这个短语衍生来的。考试前我总是很紧张。 I always have butterflies in my stomach before a test. 141

After the judges examined my stance, they gave me approval to begin. (Line 7, Para. 1) 裁判检查我的站姿后，向我示意可以开始。 -al 为名词后缀，approval 是动词 approve 的名词形式。类似的还有： propose (v. 提议)→ proposal (n. 议案) -al 还可以加在名词后构成形容词，如： nation (n. 国家)→ national (adj. 国家的)。 142

I slowly inhaled as I mounted the beam and suddenly I was skillfully and easily gliding across the narrow surface lost in my routine. (Line 8, Para. 1) 登上平衡木时我慢慢地吸气，然后迅速、轻松、熟练地滑过狭窄的平衡木，完成规定动作。 lost in sth.: 全神贯注于；沉浸于哈里只是站在那儿，陷入了沉思。 Harry just stood there, lost in thought. 爱丽丝躺在床上，沉浸在她的书中。 Alice lay on her bed, lost in her book. 143

Practicing 15 hours a week, the sport molded me into a hard-working, goal-setting child filled with aspirations. (Line 2, Para. 2) 通过每周十五个小时的训练，这项运动把我塑造成了一个勤奋刻苦、有目标、有抱负的孩子。 practicing 15 hours a week 为现在分词短语作状语；filled with aspirations 为过去分词短语作定语，跟在所修饰词的后面，作用相当于一个定语从句，即who was filled with aspirations。 Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed (who was dressed) in green.. 突然出现了一个穿绿衣服的年轻女子。 144

Then there was this particular stunt that for whatever reason I could not seem to master. (Line 5, Para. 2) 但却有那么一个特技动作，我似乎无论如何都无法掌握。 for whatever reason: 无论出于何种原因；不管出于什么原因。 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 this particular stunt。无论如何，我都不想跟你一起去度假。 For whatever reason, I don’t want to go on holiday with you. 145

Even with my teammates encouraging me, I could never follow through with the final turn. (Line 8, Para. 2) 尽管队友们鼓励我，我却永远也通不过这最后一关。 with sb. doing为介词后跟了包含现在分词构成的复合宾语。 The day was bright, with a fresh breeze blowing. 天亮了，吹来一阵清新的微风。 146

Even with my teammates encouraging me, I could never follow through with the final turn. (Line 8, Para. 2) follow through: 将（某事）进行到底 David was determined to follow his plan through. 大卫决定将他的计划进行到底。

Knowing that the state competition was just around the corner, I realized I could cost my team the gold medal. (Line 8, Para. 2) 得知全州比赛临近，我意识到自己可能会拖累我的团队致使我们拿不到金牌。 (just) around / round the corner 有两个意思： A 即将发生的；B 在附近圣诞节就要来了，我们必须准备些礼物。 Christmas is around the corner, so we should prepare some gifts. 附近有一家超市。 There’s a supermarket around the corner.

Knowing that the state competition was just around the corner, I realized I could cost my team the gold medal. (Line 8, Para. 2) cost: v. to cause the loss of sth. as a result of sth. that has happened or that you have done 导致……的损失；以……为代价 cost sb. their life / job / marriage, etc.: 以某人的生命/工作/婚姻等为代价以超出两倍限速的速度驾驶导致这个女人吊销驾驶执照。 Driving at more than double the speed limit cost the woman her driving license.

It was not until I mounted the balance beam that I came to realize that I was a powerful being who controlled my future. (Line 4, Para. 5) 直到登上平衡木，我才意识到自己是可以掌控自己未来的强大的人。此句为强调句，强调的部分为时间状语 not until I mounted the balance beam。 who 引导了定语从句，修饰先行词 a powerful being。

… and for whatever reason, I suddenly felt as if I could accomplish anything. (Line 1, Para. 6) 不知什么原因，我突然感觉自己好像可以完成任何事情。 as if: 好像；似乎；仿佛 It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 这会议似乎开得没完没了了。

That day I not only learned how important inner strength is, but also how miraculous believing in yourself can be. (Line 2, Para. 8) 就在那一天，我不仅意识到内心的力量是多么重要，而且懂得了相信自己是多么神奇。 learn 后面跟了两个宾语从句，一个是 how important inner strength is，另一个是 how miraculousbelieving in yourself can be。 believing in yourself 为动名词短语作主语。

(Line 4, Para. 1) grin v. to smile widely 咧着嘴笑她咧着嘴向我笑，眼睛里闪着光。 She grinned at me, her eyes sparkling. 153

(Line 5, Para. 1) judge n. sb. who decides on the result of a competition （比赛的）裁判员裁判组成员包括几个著名歌手。 The panel of judges included several well-known singers. 154

(Line 7, Para. 1) examine v. to look at sth. carefully in order to see what it is like 检查她打开箱子，检查东西。 She opened the suitcase and examined the contents. examination : n.考试；检查；查问。你必须去看医生，做个全面体检。 You must see your doctor for a thorough examination. 155

(Line 8, Para. 1) approval n. official agreement or permission, given by sb. in authority 批准；认可一家公司没有大股东的许可是不能出售的。 A company cannot be sold without the approval of the shareholders.

(Line 9, Para. 1) inhale v. to breathe in air, smoke, or gas 吸入；吸气玛利亚再次说话前深深地吸了口气。 Maria inhaled deeply before speaking again. 157

(Line 9, Para. 1) mount v. to go up stairs or to climb up somewhere 登上；爬上她登上台阶去领奖。 She mounted the steps to receive the award. 158

(Line 10, Para. 1) glide v. to move smoothly and quietly, as if without effort 滑行；滑动几对夫妇正滑过舞池。 There were couples gliding over the dance floor. 159

(Line 1, Para. 2) consume 1) v. to take all of your attention so that you cannot think of anything else 充满；使全神贯注事故发生后他充满了内疚。 He was consumed with guilt after the accident. 2) to use time, energy, goods etc 消耗，消费她把很多时间用在学习上。 She consumes much of her time in studying.

(Line 7, Para. 2) dread v. to feel anxious or worried about sth. that is going to happen or may happen 畏惧；担心我害怕我会被要求做一个演讲。 I’m dreading that I’ll be asked to make a speech. adj. dreadful 可怕的；糟透的，令人不快的 161

(Line 1, Para. 3) limit n. the greatest possible amount of sth. that can exist or be obtained 极限他已经达到了他忍耐的极限。 He had reached the limit of his patience. 162

(Line 5, Para. 3) inability n. the fact of being unable to do sth. 无法；没能力她的注意力不集中可能造成事故。 Her inability to concentrate could cause an accident. 163

(Line 2, Para. 4) eliminate v. to get rid of sth. that is not wanted or needed 剔除；消除高脂肪的食物应该从饮食中被剔除。 Fatty food should be eliminated from the diet. 164

(Line 3, Para. 4) dock v. to reduce the amount of sth. such as the money you pay sb. as a punishment 扣（工资等）如果上班迟到，公司会扣他们的工资。 The company docked their wages if they came late to work. 165

1) n. sb. who is very nervous, tired, or unhealthy 十分紧张 / 疲劳 / 不健康的人
(Line 1, Para. 5) wreck 1) n. sb. who is very nervous, tired, or unhealthy 十分紧张 / 疲劳 / 不健康的人多天的辛苦工作后他看起来十分疲惫。 He looked a complete wreck after days of hard work. 2) Something such as a car or plane that has been damaged very badly, especially in an accident 失事船，残骸撞车以后，那辆车成了毫无价值的残骸。 The car was a worthless wreck after the collision.

(Line 2, Para. 5) crucial adj. sth. that is crucial is extremely important, because everything else depends on it 至关重要的；关键性的安德森在球队星期天的胜利中起到了至关重要的作用。 Anderson played a crucial role in the team’s victory on Sunday

(Line 3, Para. 5) rival n. a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight, etc. 对手；竞争者她比她最近的竞争对手快两分钟。 She was two minutes faster than her nearest rival.

(Line 4, Para. 5) preoccupied adj. thinking about sth. a lot, with the result that you do not pay attention to other things 全神贯注的此刻他正全神贯注地准备婚礼。 He’s completely preoccupied with all the wedding preparations at the moment.

(Line 4, Para. 6) thrust v. to push sth. somewhere roughly 猛推他粗暴地把我向门口推去。 He thrust me roughly toward the door.

(Line 1, Para. 7) feat n. sth. that is an impressive achievement, because it needs a lot of skill, strength, etc. 壮举；业绩那条隧道是工程学的一大壮举。 The tunnel is a remarkable feat of engineering.

(Line 3, Para. 7) reaction n. sth. you feel or do because of sth. that has happened or been said 反应他的第一反应是否认一切。 His first reaction was to deny everything. v. react 反应；影响；反抗；起反作用对牛奶过敏的人可能对奶酪也有不良反应。 Someone allergic to milk is likely to react to cheese.

(Line 4, Para. 7) glow v. to look very happy because you feel proud, etc. 由于自豪/愉快/高兴等而容光焕发他的父母的脸上焕发着自豪之情。 The faces of his parents glow with pride.

(Line 8, Para. 7) rewarding adj. making you feel happy and satisfied because you feel you are doing sth. useful or important, even if you do not earn much money 值得做的；有意义的教学是一个非常有意义的职业。 Teaching can be a very rewarding career.

(Line 3, Para. 8) miraculous adj. very good, completely unexpected, and often very lucky 不可思议的；神奇的她奇迹般地从受伤中恢复过来了。 She made a miraculous recovery from her injuries.

(Line 3, Para. 2) mold sb. into 塑造成我努力将这些孩子培养成为有团队意识的运动员。 I try to mold these children into team players.

(Line 2, Para. 3) pass out 昏过去；晕倒当我看到到处都是血时我几乎晕倒了。 I nearly passed out when I saw all the blood. 扩展： pass through 穿过······；通过······ pass on 传递；继续；去世 pass by 经过；走过；逝去 pass the time 打发时间；消磨时光

(Line 2, Para. 3) throw up （因生病或醉酒）呕吐那气味差点使我呕吐。 The smell almost made me throw up.

Vocabulary & structure
Passage B – Exercises Comprehension Vocabulary & structure Translation Oral work 179

Passage B – Comprehension
1. Arrange the following events in the correct order of time. A The competition earned the writer a gold medal and made her believe in herself. 7 2 B The writer couldn’t master the front hip circle on the high bar. C Since the age of five, the writer started learning gymnastics. 1 6 D The writer moved to her high bar routine and did the front hip circle successfully. 180

Passage B – Comprehension
1. Arrange the following events in the correct order of time. 3 E The day before the competition, the writer and her coaches decided to remove the front hip circle from her routine. 5 F The writer mounted the balance beam and finished with a score of 9.3. 4 G The judges examined the writer’s stance and gave her approval to begin.

What do you learn from the writer’s story?
Passage B – Comprehension 2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. What do you learn from the writer’s story? We must believe in ourselves and try our best to do things. 2. If you were an athlete, what would you do when you had difficulties in training or competition? No matter what happened in my training or competition, I think I would try my best. Then whatever the result, I would just take it. 182

Passage B – Vocabulary and structure
1. Match the words in Column A with their definitions in Column B. Column A Column B very good, completely unexpected, and often very lucky an impressive achievement needing a lot of strength, skill, etc. a position in which you stand, especially when playing a sport a dangerous action that is done to entertain people to get rid of sth. that is not wanted or needed a set of movements, etc. that form part of a performance stunt routine eliminate miraculous stance feat 183

2. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. glide dread wreck plunge crucial 1 He said it was ____________ that the matter be settled as soon as possible. crucial 2 If you ____________ something which may happen, you feel very anxious and unhappy about it. dread 3 What caused the plane to ____________ into the ocean remains a mystery. plunge 4 She ____________ across the stage of London’s Lyric Theater. glides/ glided 5 Mom looked like a complete ____________ after my wedding. wreck 184

3. Complete the following sentences with the expressions given below. Change the form if necessary. view sb. / sth. as fill with give up be preoccupied with reward sb. with sth. 1 Everyone who reached the top of the mountain was ________________ a magnificent (壮丽的) view. rewarded with 2 Martin __________________ his own life that he didn’t notice his daughter’s problems. was preoccupied with 3 The group ______ alcoholism _____ a physical, mental, and spiritual disease. view as 4 Winning the game, his heart was ___________ joy. filled with 5 ________ painting was the last thing we expected him to do. Giving up 185

4. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English using “Nothing is / was more... than...”. Nothing is / was more...than... 表示“没有比……更……的了” 。 Sample: I was also personally awarded the gold medal for my balance beam routine, but nothing was more rewarding than what I had accomplished on the high bar (没有什么东西比我在高低杠的高杠上完成的动作更有意义). People always say _____________________________ (没有什么东西比时间更珍贵). nothing is more precious than time 186

4. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English using “Nothing is / was more... than...”. 2. I believe ________________________________________ _________________ (没有什么比独立和自由更宝贵). nothing is more precious than independence and freedom 3. For these children, _______________________________ _________________ (没有比接受教育更重要的事了). nothing is more important than to receive education 4. As I see it, ______________________________________ ______________(没有比听音乐更令人愉快的事了). nothing is more pleasant than listening to music 187

Passage B – Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Practicing 15 hours a week, the sport molded me into a hard-working, goal-setting child filled with aspirations. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 通过每周十五个小时的训练，这项运动把我塑造成了一个勤奋刻苦、有目标、有抱负的孩子。 It was not until I mounted the balance beam that I came to realize that I was a powerful being who controlled my future. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 直到登上平衡木，我才意识到自己是可以掌控自己未来的强大的人。 188

Passage B – Translation
2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English with the help of the phrases given in brackets. 我的老师是一位著名的艺术家，他准备把我塑造成一个音乐家。(mold sb. into) _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ My teacher is a celebrated artist, and he plans to mold me into a musician. 到世界各地旅行是丰富多彩而又有意义的经历。(rewarding) _______________________________________________ Traveling around the world is a kind of colorful and rewarding experience . 她对这一消息的反应完全出乎我们的意料。(reaction) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Her reaction to the news is completely out of our expectation. 189

1. Who is your favorite sports star? Why?
Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. Who is your favorite sports star? Why? 2. Which do you think is more important: participation or gold medal? Give your reasons. 190

1. Who is your favorite sports star? Why?
Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. Who is your favorite sports star? Why? My favorite sports star is Yao Ming. I like him not only because of his superb sports skills, but also because of his personality. He works very hard. He is patriotic and has a strong will. 191

Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 2. Which do you think is more important: participation or gold medal? Give your reasons. I think participation is more important. Every sports person dreams about getting a gold medal to prove his or her ability. However, there is only one gold medal. If they do not get it, it doesn’t mean that they are not as good as the others. As long as they work hard, they deserve respect and applause. 192

Grammar Past participles (过去分词) Exercises

Grammar - Past participles
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，英语中大部分动词都以加 ed词尾的办法构成过去分词。过去分词表示被动或动作已经完成，在句子中可以作表语、定语和宾语补足语等。下面仅介绍过去分词作前置定语和宾语补足语的用法。一、过去分词作前置定语 1. 表示被动的意义。现在分词和过去分词都可以作前置定语，但现在分词表示主动意义，和它修饰或说明的词逻辑上是主谓关系；过去分词表示被动意义，和它修饰或说明的词逻辑上是动宾关系。 e.g. 1) a frightened girl （吓坏了的女孩，sth. / sb. frightened the girl） 2) a frightening girl （吓人的女孩，the girl can frighten others）

Grammar - Past participles
2. 表示完成的意义。作前置定语时，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词则表示已经完成的动作。 e.g. 1) the fallen leaves（叶子已经落下） 2) the falling leaves（叶子正在落下） 3) the risen sun（太阳已经升起） 4) the rising sun（太阳正在升起）二、过去分词作宾语补足语 1. 过去分词可跟在感官动词，如：feel, hear, notice, see, watch等后面作宾语补足语。 e.g. 1) She saw the wounded man carried into the hospital. 2) I have never heard the song sung in my school.

e.g. 1) He managed to get the task finished on time.
Grammar - Past participles 2. 过去分词可跟在使役动词，如：get, have, keep, leave, make 等后面作宾语补足语。 e.g. 1) He managed to get the task finished on time. 2) Don’t leave the things undone. 3. 介词 with 后的复合宾语也可以用过去分词作补足语。 e.g. 1) Lie down with your hands clasped behind your head. 2) That year ended with nothing settled. 196

broken excited Spoken written satisfied Grammar - Exercises
1. Choose the correct words in brackets to complete the following sentences. 1. The ____________ (breaking / broken) dishes lay on the floor. broken 2. There was an ____________ (exciting / excited) look on his face when the actress appeared. excited Spoken 3. ____________ (Speaking / Spoken) English is different from ____________ (writing / written) English in many ways. written 4. Mr. Knight gave a ____________ (satisfying / satisfied) smile. satisfied 197

Grammar - Exercises 2. Choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 1. In the dream Peter saw himself _____ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly. A A chased B to be chased C be chased D having been chased 2. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her English _____ in a short period. C A to improve B improving C improved D improve

Grammar - Exercises 2. Choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 3. Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself _____. B A understand B understood C understanding D being understood 4. He was disappointed to find his suggestions _____. C A turn down B turning down C turned down D being turned down A 5. All afternoon he worked with the door _____. A locked B locking C being locked D lock

Writing Argumentative essays (议论文) Exercises

Writing – Argumentative essays
Notes 议论文是用来阐述作者观点的文章，其写作目的是说服读者同意并接受某个观点。议论文有三要素： 1. 明确的论点论点是作者阐述和说明的立场和观点。它通常是一个有争议的观点。 2. 充分的论据论据是作者用来证明论点的依据。常常用到的论据有具体事例、统计数据、权威的意见和真理、定律等。

The school uniform question
Writing – Argumentative essays 3. 符合逻辑的论证论证是用论据来证明自己观点的过程和方法。议论文中常用的论证方法实际上就是说明文中常见的写作手法，如举例说明、比较与对比、因果分析等。下面我们通过一篇例文来感受一下议论文的这些特点。 The school uniform question Most people believe in the right to express their own opinion without fear of punishment. This value, however, is coming under fire in the public school classroom. The issue is school uniforms. Should public school students be allowed 202

to make individual decisions about clothing, or should all students be required to wear a uniform? School uniforms are the better choice for three reasons. First, wearing school uniforms would help make students’ lives simpler. They would no longer have to decide what to wear every morning. Uniforms would not only save time but also eliminate the stress often associated with this chore. Second, school uniforms influence students to act responsibly in groups and as individuals. Uniforms give students the message that school is a special place for learning. In addition, uniforms create a feeling of unity among students. For example, when students do something as a group, such as

attending meetings in the auditorium or eating lunch in the cafeteria, the fact that they all wear the same uniform gives them a sense of community. Finally, school uniforms would help make all the students feel equal. Students’ standards of living differ greatly from family to family. People sometimes forget that school is a place to get an education, not to promote a “fashion show.” Implementing mandatory (强制性的) school uniforms would make all the students look the same regardless of their financial status. Thus school uniforms could promote pride and help to raise the self-esteem of students who cannot afford to wear expensive clothing.

In conclusion, there are many benefits of requiring students to wear school uniforms. Public schools should require uniforms in order to benefit both the students and society as a whole. 本文第一段提出了一个有争议的话题，即学校是否应该要求学生统一穿校服，并开门见山地提出了自己的观点，点明下文将从三个方面论证为何支持学生统一穿校服。第二、三、四段分别从利于简单生活、增强群体归属感和促进校园平等三个角度对论点进行了论证。论证过程中采用了举例说明等常见的论证方法，比如学生参加会议或就餐等群体性活动时，穿校服有益于增强群体归属感。最后一段收尾，再次强调了作者的观点，回归主题。

The purpose of university education
Writing - Exercises Read the following essay. Choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. The purpose of university education There is no doubt that helping students find a job is one of the primary functions of university education, but universities do exist for other purposes such as improving students’ analytical skills and raising students’ moral standards. A university education can be seen as a process of improving students’ analytical thinking. The variety of courses offered at university inspires students in various ways, therefore improving their analytical ability. For example, science courses such as math and biology help students develop

Writing - Exercises The purpose of university education a rational way of thinking whereas courses in social sciences force students to recognize the ideas that have been traditionally assumed to be acceptable. With the development of these types of analytical thinking, graduates can face future challenges with more confidence and enthusiasm. Also, university education is expected to improve students’ moral standards. This is rooted in universities’ belief that students’ awareness of responsibility toward their community and their country is of high importance. Nowadays, students are encouraged to actively participate in improving the local community. A university that provides care and

Writing - Exercises The purpose of university education facilities for physically disadvantaged students may inspire the graduates to better handle situations in the future where they may have to interact with the disabled community. A successful university education is supposed to produce morally sound graduates, therefore increasing their competitiveness (竞争力). In conclusion, university education should not only help students locate a decent job but also help them develop other qualities such as enhancing their analytical skills and cultivating their spirit.

Writing - Exercises 1. The essay is intended to be_______ . A A persuasivein B formative 2. The thesis statement of the essay is_______ . A A The first paragraph B The first sentence in the second paragraph 3. The writer does not use________ to support his argument in the essay. B A examples B statistics 4. We can infer from the essay that people usually think ____ is the most important purpose of university education. A A finding a good job B enhancing analytical skills

Culture express Psychological counseling in America Questions

Culture express - Psychological counseling in America
Most Americans consider psychological counseling as the symbol of confidence and wealth. When they encounter some trouble such as emotional frustration, poor interpersonal relationship, environment maladjustment (不适应生活环境), personality disorders, neurosis (神经官能症), etc., they will turn to psychological workers for help. Nowadays, to Americans, receiving psychological counseling is as natural and simple as eating MacDonald. In the United States, every middle class has his or her own psychological counselor, even if the U.S. president has one. Once someone described that the successful Americans are supported by two people, one is the law counselor, the other is the psychological counselor. 211

Culture express - Psychological counseling in America
As early as 1963, President Kennedy signed a document of setting up the community mental health center and the document in form of the proposed bill was approved by the Congress. Since then, various organizations of psychological service and treatment developed quickly in towns. There are lots of people who are clinical psychologists, social workers and mental paramedics (医务辅助人员). And thousands of people receive psychological counseling and mental care every year. No wonder Dr. Schulze, the famous American psychologist, claims that the Americans are the most confident and practical people in the world.

Culture express - Exercises
Work in groups to discuss the following questions. What would you do if you have some psychological problems? If I had some psychological problems, I would talk with my parents, friends, or my teachers. But I don’t want to consult a psychological clinic. You see, it’s my own little thing. It is not so serious that I have to go to a clinic. 213

Culture express - Exercises
Work in groups to discuss the following questions. Do you think it’s uncommon that someone goes to see a psychological counselor? Why or why not? I don’t think there is anything uncommon. The rapid social changes are causing psychological stress among people. Working pressure, money problems, burdens of marriage and children are creating more demands for professional counseling services than ever before. If one’s psychological problem is so serious that he can’t solve it by himself, why can’t he go to the professional institution to find the answers! 214

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Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express.

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