Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express.

Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking
Pronunciation and listening skills Conversations Passage

English films Watch a clip from the movie Kung Fu Panda and complete the conversation with what you hear. 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 4

1. Watch a clip from the movie Kung Fu Panda and complete
English films 1. Watch a clip from the movie Kung Fu Panda and complete the conversation with what you hear. Tips 看英文电影是提高英语听力、学习发音技巧的有效途径。电影台词中体现的重读、连读、节奏等语音技巧和语调的抑扬顿挫都值得揣摩学习。 Master Oogway: So why are you Po: I probably sucked more today than anyone in the history of Kung Fu, in the history of China, in the history of sucking! Master Oogway: Probably. Po: And the Five! Man, you should’ve seen them! They totally me. Master Oogway: Totally. 1) ________? upset 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 2) _______ hate 5

1. Watch a clip from the movie Kung Fu Panda and complete
English films 1. Watch a clip from the movie Kung Fu Panda and complete the conversation with what you hear. Po: How is Shifu ever going to me into the Dragon Warrior? I mean, I’m not like the Five. I’ve got no claws, no wings, no venom. Even Mantis has those ... thingies. Maybe I should just and go back to make noodles. turn 3) _________ quit 4) _________ Master Oogway: Quit, don’t quit. Noodles, don’t noodles. You are too with what was and what will be. There’s a saying: Yesterday is , tomorrow is a , but today is a (n) That is why it was called the present. 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 5) __________ concerned 6) _________ history 7) _________ mystery 8) ______ gift 6

2. Listen again and imitate what you hear. Pay attention to
English films 2. Listen again and imitate what you hear. Pay attention to your pronunciation, stress and intonation. 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 7

And the Five! Man, you should’ve seen them! They totally hate me.
English films Scripts Master Oogway: So why are you upset? Po: I probably sucked more today than anyone in the history of kung fu, in the history of China, in the history of sucking! Probably. And the Five! Man, you should’ve seen them! They totally hate me. Totally.

English films Scripts Po: How is Shifu ever going to turn me into the Dragon Warrior? I mean, I’m not like the Five. I’ve got no claws, no wings, no venom. Even Mantis has those... thingies. Maybe I should just quit and go back to make noodles. Master Oogway: Quit, don’t quit. Noodles, don’t noodles. You are too concerned with what was and what will be. There’s a saying: Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, but today is a gift. That is why it is called the present.

Conversation 1 Exercises Functional language Conversation 2 Exercises
Conversations Conversation 1 Exercises Functional language Conversation 2 Exercises Functional language

✔ 1 Mary is ______ when Sandy asks her for help. A. sweeping the floor
Conversation 1 – Asking for help & responses 1. Listen to a conversation and check (✔) what the man and the woman are going to do. 1 Mary is ______ when Sandy asks her for help. A. sweeping the floor B. answering a phone call C. watering the plants 点击右下角的“ABC”按钮可以查看录音原文。 ✔ Word tips refrigerator n. 冰箱

✔ ✔ Conversation 1 – Asking for help & responses
1. Listen to a conversation and check (✔) what the man and the woman are going to do. 2 Sandy is making a cake to ______. A. celebrate Thanksgiving B. celebrate her wedding anniversary C. celebrate Michael’s birthday 点击右下角的“ABC”按钮可以查看录音原文。 ✔ 3 Sandy asks Mary to bring her the following things except ______. A. eggs B. sugar C. milk ✔ 12

F T F T Conversation 1 – Asking for help & responses
2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 Sandy wants Mary to pass her a cup of milk. T 2 Sandy asks Mary to bring her a dozen of eggs from the refrigerator. F 3 Mary has helped Sandy to break the eggs into the bowl and pour some milk into it. T 4 Sandy wants to give Michael a surprise.

Conversation 1 – Asking for help & responses
Scripts Sandy: Mary, would you do me a favor? Mary: Sorry, a minute, please. I’m answering a call. (A few minutes later ) Sandy, what do you want me to do? Well, I’m trying to make a cake. Will you find the milk for me? Sure. Anything else I can do for you? Yes. Please bring me 12 eggs from the refrigerator. 14

Scripts Mary: OK! Here you go. Sandy: Thanks! Another favor, can you help me to break the eggs into the bowl? Sure. Let me help you do that. Oh, that’s very kind of you. You’ve really done me a great favor. My pleasure. So, why are you making a cake? Today is Michael’s birthday. I want to give him a surprise. Oh, that’s so sweet. I’ll keep it a secret. 15

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 A is decorating the room for Christmas. He/She is asking B for help. (Sample) Situation 2 A is a member of the school football team. He/She is asking B, an art major, to design a logo for the team. (Sample)

A: Ask B if he / she could help you. B: Ask what you can help A with.
Conversation 1 – Asking for help & responses 3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. GUIDED CONVERSATION A: Ask B if he / she could help you. B: Ask what you can help A with. A: Tell B what you want B to do. B: Offer help. A: Show thanks. Ask for another favor. B: Say you’re pleased to help. A: Express appreciation. 17

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Karen: Richard, may I trouble you for a moment? Richard: Yeah, sure. What can I do for you? Karen : I am busy decorating the Christmas tree. Could you place candles all around the room? They will give the room a soft glow in the evening. OK. Thanks. Another favor, could you please help me wrap these gifts for our friends? My pleasure, Madam! Thank you. Have we got enough snacks and drinks for the Christmas party? I think so. Great. I can’t wait for the party!

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Amy: Hello, Tim? Tim: Hi, Amy. I’m about to call you. Could you do me a favor? Sure. What is it? Our football team is thinking about getting a logo. I’m wondering if you could please design one for us. Sure. I’d be glad to. Thanks a lot! Also, can you help me to tell John that I am going to meet him at 7∶00 this evening? I forgot to bring my cellphone with me. No problem. Thank you, Amy.

Asking for help Responses Conversation 1 – Asking for help & responses
Functional Language Asking for help Responses Excuse me, would / could you help me to…? Could you please…? May I trouble you for a moment? Would / Could you do me a favor? Sure. What is it? I’m very glad to be able to help you. Yes, with pleasure. Sure, I’d be glad to. I’m afraid not. I’m too busy at the moment. 20

F F F T Conversation 2 – Offering help & responses
1. Listen to a conversation and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 The party will be held on Sunday afternoon. F 2 The woman believes a casual party would be fun. F 3 They would probably have Western food rather than Chinese food at the party. Word tips smart adj. 时髦的 T 4 The man and the woman will meet on Wednesday to discuss the detail.

Conversation 2 – Offering help & responses
2. Listen again and complete the following sentences with what you hear. Would you please ______________ about the class party? give me a hand Could you help to ______________ a room for 30 people? reserve I would like you to help me with both _____________ _______________. food and entertainment 4 To make sure everything ______________, do you think this party should be casual or smart? goes together

Scripts Woman: Would you please give me a hand with the class party? Man: I would be happy to help. When will the party be held? This Saturday afternoon. Could you help to reserve a room for 30 people? Certainly! Is there anything else I can do? I would like you to help me with both food and entertainment. No problem. To make sure everything goes together, do you think this party should be casual or smart? I think a fancy dress party would be fun! Great idea! And which do you think would be better, Western food or Chinese food? 23

We should probably have Chinese food. Man:
Conversation 2 – Offering help & responses Scripts Woman: We should probably have Chinese food. Man: I see. Should we hire a band? Maybe we could do this! Perfect! I’ll meet you back here on Wednesday to discuss the details. Well then, thanks for your help. Have a great day! 24

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 A is planning a high school reunion. B offers some help. (Sample) Situation 2 A is organizing a school volleyball match. B is helping A make some preparations. (Sample)

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. GUIDED CONVERSATION B: Ask what A is busy with. A: Give an answer. B: Ask whether A needs some help. A: Ask B to help you with something. B: Say yes. Ask whether there’s anything else you can do for A. A: Ask for more favors. B: Say you’re glad to help. A: Show thanks. 26

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Jason: Hi, Helen. What are you busy with recently? Helen: We’re planning a high school reunion. Really? That’s great. Planning a reunion is a huge undertaking. May I give you a hand with that? Yes, please. I’m in charge of the decoration of the hall. Could you help me print out some photographs? I want to paste them around the room. Sure. What else can I do for you? I’d be delighted if you can get some colored paper for me. No problem! That’s very kind of you. Thanks a lot!

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Tom: Hi, buddy. What’s up? Jerry: Hi, Tom. I’ve been asked to organize a school volleyball match. Cool! Can I help you? Oh, that would be good! We’re recruiting volunteers now. Could you be in charge of the registration of the volunteers? Sure. Is there anything else I can do for you? We need to design a poster for the event. Do you mind meeting me here tomorrow to discuss the details? OK. I’ll see you tomorrow then. Thank you so much. I really appreciate that. You’re welcome. That’s what friends are for!

Offering help Responses Conversation 2 – Offering help & responses
Functional Language Offering help Responses Can I help you? Let me help you do that. What can I do for you? May I give you a hand with…? Is there anything I can do for you? Yes, please. Oh, that would be good! Thanks a lot! Oh, yes. That’s very kind of you. Thanks very much, but I can manage. I’d be delighted if you can help me to…

Passage 1. Listen to a passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Word tips depression n. 沮丧；抑郁 decorate v. 装饰 accomplishment n. 成就 connection n. 关系；联系 effectively adv. 有效地

Passage 1. Listen to a passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1 What is the passage about？ A The symptoms (症状) of depression. B How to stay physically healthy. C How to deal with depression. ✔ 2 How many suggestions does the speaker mention in the passage? A Four B Five C Six. ✔ 31

Passage 2. Listen again and check (✔) what you hear. To make one feel good about himself, the speaker suggests the following ways: ✘ A do some shopping; ✔ B help others; ✔ C learn new things; ✘ D travel around; ✘ E watch movies; ✔ F stay with your family; ✔ G smile; ✘ H climb mountains.

Passage Scripts Good morning, everybody! Today I’m going to share with you what we can do to deal with our unhappiness, depression and stress. When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, there are many ways to make you feel good about yourself. Here are some simple suggestions: First, look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I’m a special person and there’s no one in the world like me. I can do anything.” It may not sound so good, but it really works! Second, do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes people feel good.

Passage Scripts Third, learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished. Fourth, stay with your family. We all need family time. Building connections with family members can lift your spirits effectively. The last and simplest suggestion: Smile! Listen to what Lord Byron once said, “Always laugh when you can, it is cheap medicine.” Look for the good things in your life; you’ll see how wonderful it can be. 34

Passage 3. In recent years, more and more people are suffering from depression. Despite its bad effects on people’s life, it has not been taken seriously by many. Work in groups to design a poster to call for people’s attention. Discuss what images or slogans you will use to catch people’s eye. Choose one person to report your group’s ideas to the class.

Passage Our slogan is “Caring for Your Mind.” The background of our poster is green, because the color green makes people feel natural, peaceful, and refreshing. There are three groups of people on the poster. One group consists of friends; another group is composed of a doctor and a nurse; and the third group includes father, mother, a daughter, and a son. These groups mean that when you feel depressed, you can always turn to your friends, family members, and doctors. 36

Passage A Passage B Reading Teens and peer pressure
The world of art students

Teens and peer pressure
Passage A Teens and peer pressure Lead-in Text study Exercises

Passage A – Teens and peer pressure
Lead-in Extended reading Pre-reading questions Video appreciation

拾穗的少年 Passage A – Teens and peer pressure Lead-in - Extended reading
席星荃拾穗的少年，是收获季节的田野上的一道风景。少年行走于收获时节的大地之上，手握一把金色的谷穗，他不断地弯腰俯向大地，拾起沉甸甸的谷穗。太阳照着他，旷野的风吹着他，天上白云悠悠，鸟儿在草丛里啼叫。少年行走着，寻找着遗失的谷穗。也许你觉得这很有诗意，甚至有某种象征的意味包含其中吧。在经历了大饥荒的六十年代里，活跃在广袤的原野上的少年拾穗者人群中，有我的身影。

Lead-in - Extended reading 其实，那时少年拾穗的动机和农民一样的具体、普通——为了吃饭。吃饭，这是最古老而永恒的欲望，少年已经懂得了这一点。他是从父亲的眼睛里懂得的，是从母亲的祈祷里懂得的，更是从刚刚经历的大饥荒里亲身体验到的。饥饿使他早早地体验到了苦难，尝到了情感的滋味。他知道，吃，管着人世的一切，牵连着人间的恩怨悲欢。少年拾起谷穗，就是拾起父辈失落的梦想、辛酸或欢乐。稚嫩的少年一穗一穗地拾起它们，稳稳地触摸到其中的沉重。我们这些饱受了饥饿折磨的孩子们散布在田野里，顶烈日，忍饥渴，勤勤恳恳地奔走着，心里充满了快乐。这不仅仅因为使人活命的粮食，更因为人生早春有太多的美丽；美丽伴着向往，伴着渴望，使未来如云霞绚烂。而拾穗仿佛是一个演习，以最直接的形式将人生的美丽与生命的欢乐体现出来，使生活像歌谣一样美妙。但是拾穗者需要分散开来，大部分时间里拾穗的少年是孤单的。他行走在田野中，也是行走在孤独里。孤独的风景有一种催化作用，少年的情感和思想破土而抽芽，在风里，在阳光下，变绿，长高。拾穗，是少年心灵的跋涉，是他走向成熟的人生中的一段孤旅。

Lead-in - Extended reading 我常常伫立在田野里出神，心里无名地感动着。田野被收获后，呈现着裸露的坦荡与字静，显露着疲惫的幸福感。她像生育过后的妇女，怀着安详。天格外高远，地格外广袤。山淡淡地蓝着，在远远的天边；水静静地暖着，亮着。孤立的田野之树清高脱俗，在一片裸露的土黄背景里绿得极鲜亮，像田野里举起的静止的旗。农夫和牛走了，天地静而空阔。这时候，拾穗少年缓缓而行的身影成为高天远山之间的点睛之笔，成为风景的灵魂。——不，也许正是风景塑造了乡下少年的灵魂。有谁不是在某种风景里长大的呢？只是风景不同而已。灵魂有了这样美而静、广而远、高而深、所来久远的生长天地，得了清风爱抚和艳阳暖照，它的眼睛能不格外清澈吗？骨骼能不分外挺拔吗？而心呢，必会宽容、博大、仁慈而悲悯。拾穗这种人类行为有一种古老的意味。让上学的少年想想古代的诗篇，他们就知道，唐代的人，汉代的人，甚至更久远朝代的人都这样在田野上走过，寻觅过，希望过，沉思过，也孤独过。就这样，一代一代地走过去，走到今天，走到他这一代。人类离不开田野，今后的人们还要在田野上走下去，一直走到永恒…… 42

Lead-in - Extended reading 以上描述了我此刻的回想，其中也许有岁月之手温和的色彩。如果真是那样，我会更高兴，因为每个拾穗少年都爱恋着田野与早期岁月。我当然知道实际的情形是艰苦的，艰苦不能使乡下孩子成为大人物，但一样伴随着他们的成长，使野孩子变成勤谨沉默的农夫。遭遇苦难是不幸的，然而苦难会给你一些补偿，特别是多艰人生的时刻，它总是成为你内在的自信与顽强。

What is peer pressure? Peer pressure is the strong influence that friends of our own have upon us. As we grow, we will feel pressure by our peers to make choices that we don’t really like or that are unsafe. Peer pressure is often thought of as something that only affects young people, especially teenagers. In fact, peer pressure impacts people of all ages, and in various aspects of their lives.

College students pressure

Study economy emotion job

College students are often obsessed by peer pressure from their classmates or schoolmates. Facing others’ hard work and good performance in academics, whether to find a boyfriend (girlfriend) or not and other aspects, many students feel great pressure. Besides, since graduates lack experience and competition among graduates grows more bitter and bitter, most college students have much difficulties in looking for good jobs.

Pre-reading questions Work in groups to discuss the following questions. How would you feel in the following situations? What would you do? And why? 1. Most of your friends use Apple products like iPhone and iPad, but you don’t have one. 2. Traveling abroad during the summer vacation becomes increasingly popular among students, but you can’t really afford it. 3. Many of your classmates prefer to go to expensive coffee houses when they want to drink coffee, but you’ve never been to such places. 48

Pre-reading questions Work in groups to discuss the following questions. How would you feel in the following situations? What would you do? And why? 1. Most of your friends use Apple products like iPhone and iPad, but you don’t have one. I don’t think it’s a big deal. First, I don’t like Apple products. Second, Apple products are so expensive, and I can’t afford to buy one. 49

Pre-reading questions Work in groups to discuss the following questions. How would you feel in the following situations? What would you do? And why? 2. Traveling abroad during the summer vacation becomes increasingly popular among students, but you can’t really afford it. I think traveling abroad during the summer vacation is a good chance to broaden my horizons. If I can’t afford it, I may feel pitiful but not sad. Meanwhile, I will learn from my friends about their experiences and read relevant books to enrich my knowledge. 50

Pre-reading questions Work in groups to discuss the following questions. How would you feel in the following situations? What would you do? And why? 3. Many of your classmates prefer to go to expensive coffee houses when they want to drink coffee, but you’ve never been to such places. I think it is not necessary for us students to go to coffee houses which are too expensive. If my friends and I really need a meeting place, I prefer some places cheaper. 51

Lead-in - Video appreciation The Princess Diaries 52

Text study Text reading Organization of the text Language points

Passage A Teens and peer pressure “Come on, everyone’s doing it, so why shouldn’t you?” Peer pressure is one thing that many teens have in common. You can’t escape it. It is everywhere. No matter how popular you are, how well liked you may be, or how together you feel, sooner or later you will have to face peer pressure. Whether it is pressure to conform to a group norm or pressure to act a certain way, peer pressure is something everybody has to deal with at some time in their life. How successfully you handle peer pressure depends a great deal on how you feel about yourself and your place in the world. Everyone at school is wearing silly hats so you do, too, and your best friend begs you to go running with her because you both need more exercise, so you go, too. These are all examples of peer pressure. Don’t get it yet? ___________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ ____ __________________________________________________ 按图标S只显示需讲解的句子超链接；按图标W只显示需讲解的词汇和短语超链接；按扫帚图标清除所有超链接标记。按上箭头回到上一层。 __________________________________________________ 54

Passage A Teens and peer pressure ___________________________________________________ 4. Peer pressure is the feeling that someone your own age is pushing you toward making a certain choice, good or bad. So, what’s so difficult about shunning peer pressure? 5. People want to be accepted and liked by people their own age. At some point, everyone has the desire to fit into a group. If you are interested in sports, you might hang out with “jocks.” If you’re interested in music, you spend time with others who enjoy music. You belong to that group, and feel secure when you’re part of it. The group identifies who you are and what you’re about. It’s natural for people to identify with and compare themselves to their peers as they consider how they wish to be or what they want to achieve. People are influenced by peers because they want to blend in, be like peers they admire, do what others are doing, or have what others have. _______________________________________________

Passage A Teens and peer pressure 6. Most peer pressure is less easy to define. Sometimes a group can make subtle signals without saying anything explicitly — letting you know you must dress or talk a certain way or adopt a particular attitude toward school, other students, parents or teachers in order to win acceptance and approval. 7. The pressure to conform (to do what others are doing) can be extremely hard to resist. A person might feel pressured to do something just because others are doing it. Peer pressure can influence a person to do something that is relatively harmless or something that might generate serious consequences. Giving in to the pressure to dress in a certain way is one thing, going along with the crowd to drink or smoke is another. __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ _________________________________________ ________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ _________ 56

Passage A Teens and peer pressure Let’s see it positively: You can also use peer pressure to your advantage. Think of it as “competitive” peer pressure. For example, if you’re active in sports, your teammates probably spur you to be the best you can. If you are on the track team, you pace yourself with the fastest runner, because you know it will make you better. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ __________________________________________________ ________________________________ 57

Passage A Teens and peer pressure At some point, every person must stand alone even when tempted by friends or other peers. You know what is right and what is wrong. And only you can decide which path to take. Learning to stand up for yourself and your beliefs, and to foresee the consequences of your actions, are important steps in becoming a responsible teen. Now is your chance to believe in yourself to stand alone at times, if you need to. When faced with group demands, assess the risks ahead of time. Stand strong and say “no” firmly if that is what you think is right. ________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ______________________________ _________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ____________________________________ 58

Passage A Teens and peer pressure 10. Responding to peer pressure is part of human nature. Some people are more likely to surrender while others are better able to resist and stand their ground. People who are not confident and those who tend to follow rather than lead can be more prone to seek their peers’ approval by giving in to a risky challenge or suggestion. People who are unsure of themselves, new to a group, or inexperienced with peer pressure may also be more likely to give in to it. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _____________________________________ ____________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ___________________ 59

Passage A Teens and peer pressure 11. There’s no magic to standing up to peer pressure, but it does take courage. It’s not always easy to resist negative peer pressure, but when you do, it is easy to feel good about it afterwards. And you may even be a positive influence on your peers who feel the same way—often it just takes one person to speak out or take a different action to change a situation. Your friends may follow if you have the courage to do something different or refuse to go along with the group. You have the potential to make a difference. __________________________________________________ __________________________ ______________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _________ 60

Organization of the text Part I (Paras. ______) 1-2 The common problem of teens: peer pressure Structure Part II (Paras. ______) 3-8 Definition of peer pressure and its effects on teens Part III (Paras. ______) 9-11 Methods to deal with peer pressure positively

No matter how popular you are, how well liked you may be, or how together you feel, sooner or later you will have to face peer pressure. (Line 3, Para. 2) 无论你多么受人欢迎，多么惹人喜爱，或者你觉得自己多么自信，你迟早都会面临同龄人压力。 no matter how引导了让步状语从句，后面跟了三个平行结构。 together: adj. confident, sensible, and clear about what you are doing 自信的；镇定自若的；清醒的我知道表面上我似乎自信能干。 I know on the surface I appear to be quite a together person. 62

Whether it is pressure to conform to a group norm or pressure to act a certain way, peer pressure is something everybody has to deal with at some time in their life. (Line 1, Para. 3) 不管是顺从群体规范的压力，还是遵循某种行为方式的压力，同龄人压力是每个人在生活的某些时刻必须处理的事情。 to conform to a group norm和to act a certain way是不定式作后置定语，修饰其前面的 pressure。 everybody has to deal with at some time in their life 为定语从句，修饰 something，定语从句省略了引导词 that。 63

How successfully you handle peer pressure depends a great deal on how you feel about yourself and your place in the world. (Line 4, Para. 3) 处理得成功与否在很大程度上取决于你的自我感觉以及你对自己在这个世界所处位置的理解。 how successfully you handle peer pressure 为 how 引导的主语从句。这是怎样做的至今仍是一个谜。 How it was done is still a mystery till now. 64

Peer pressure is the feeling that someone at your own age is pushing you toward making a certain choice, good or bad. (Line 1, Para. 4) 同龄人压力是你感到同龄人在促使你作出某种选择——这种选择可能是好的，也可能是坏的。名词 feeling 后面跟了 that 引导的同位语从句，具体说明前面的 feeling。他感觉他以后不会再见到她了。 He had the feeling that he would not see her again. 65

Peer pressure is the feeling that someone at your own age is pushing you toward making a certain choice, good or bad. (Line 1, Para. 4) 同龄人压力是你感到同龄人在促使你作出某种选择——这种选择可能是好的，也可能是坏的。 push sb. toward / into doing sth.: to encourage or force sb. to do sth. 鼓励或者逼迫某人做某事詹姆斯没有怂恿她去偷钱。 James did not push her into stealing the money. 66

Peer pressure can influence a person to do something that is relatively harmless or something that might generate serious consequences. (Line 3, Para. 7) 同龄人压力会让一个人去做一些相对无害的事情或有可能产生严重后果的事情。 generate: v. to produce or cause sth. 产生要想创造更多的收入，这项体育活动需要变得更加有趣味性。 To generate new money the sport needs to be more entertaining.

Giving in to the pressure to dress in a certain way is one thing, going along with the crowd to drink or smoke is another. (Line 5, Para. 7) 迫于压力而按照一定的方式穿衣是一回事，和大家混在一起喝酒抽烟则是另外一回事。 Giving in to the pressure to dress in a certain way 和 going along with the crowd to drink or smoke动名词短语做主语。 68

Giving in to the pressure to dress in a certain way is one thing, going along with the crowd to drink or smoke is another. (Line 5, Para. 7) give in: to finally agree to do or accept sth. that you had at first opposed, especially because sb. Has forced or persuaded you to 屈服；让步官员们表示他们不会向工人的要求让步。 Officials say they won't give in to the workers' demands. 69

Let’s see it positively: You can also use peer pressure to your advantage. Think of it as “competitive” peer pressure. (Line 1, Para. 8) 让我们积极地看待这个问题：你也可以让同龄人压力对你产生积极的作用，把它视为可激发竞争意识的同龄人压力。 use / turn sth. to sb.’s advantage: to use sth. in order to benefit from it, especially when it might be expected to harm or damage you 利用某事物；使某事物转化为有利他怎么才能让这个局面对自己有利呢？ How could he turn the situation to his advantage? 70

If you are on the track team, you pace yourself with the fastest runner, because you know it will make you better. (Line 4, Para. 8) 如果你参加赛跑，你会和最快的选手竞争，因为你知道这会令你更加出色。 track: n. sport that involves running on a track 径赛运动；田径运动 pace oneself: to control the speed that you move at in a race, so that you still have energy left near the end （比赛中）控制自己的速度这是场艰苦的比赛，我不得不控制好节奏。 It was a tough race and I had to pace myself. 71

Learning to stand up for yourself and your beliefs, and to foresee the consequences of your actions, are important steps in becoming a responsible teen. (Line 3, Para. 9) 学会维护自己和自己的信念，预测你的行为可能造成的后果，这是成长为一个有责任心的青少年的重要步骤。主语由两部分构成，即 learning to stand up for yourself and your beliefs 和 (learning) to foresee the consequences of your actions，因此谓语动词为 are。 stand up for: to support or defend sb. or sth. that is being attacked 支持；保卫；维护你应该学会维护自己的权利。 You should learn to stand up for your own rights. 72

When faced with group demands, assess the risks ahead of time. Stand strong and say “no” firmly if that is what you think is right. (Line 7, Para. 9) 面对群体的要求，要事先评估风险，如果你认为拒绝是正确的，就要态度强硬，并坚决说“不”。从句 when faced with group demands 的完整形式是 when you are faced with group demands，因为主句暗含的主语是 you，在这样的情况下，when 引导的从句就省略了主语和 be 动词。 73

When faced with group demands, assess the risks ahead of time. Stand strong and say “no” firmly if that is what you think is right. (Line 7, Para. 9) assess: v. to make a judgment about a person or situation after thinking carefully about it 评价；评定这些变化带来的效果难以评估。 It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes. 衍伸短语：assess sth (at sth): decide or fix the amount of sth 确定，评定（某数额） 74

Responding to peer pressure is part of human nature. Some people are more likely to surrender while others are better able to resist and stand their ground. (Line 1, Para. 10) 对同龄人压力作出回应是人的本性。一些人更容易屈服于压力，而另外一些人则能更好地抵制压力并坚持自己的立场。 stand one’s ground: 坚持立场；坚持己见；一步也不退让；坚守阵地 surrender: ~ (oneself) (to sb) stop resisting an enemy, etc; yield; give up 停止抵抗；投降；屈服；放弃劫机者终于向警方投降了。 The hijackers finally surrendered (themselves) to the police. 75

People who are not confident and those who tend to follow rather than lead can be more prone to seek their peers’ approval by giving in to a risky challenge or suggestion. (Line 3, Para. 10) 那些缺乏自信的人和往往顺从而不是引导别人的人更容易通过屈服于有风险的挑战或建议来寻求同龄人的赞同。 be prone to: likely to do sth. or suffer from sth., especially sth. bad or harmful 易于发生某事（尤指不好或有害的事）的；很可能······的人家一不同意他的意见，他就发脾气。 He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him. 76

People who are unsure of themselves, new to a group, or inexperienced with peer pressure may also be more likely to give in to it. (Line 5, Para. 10) 不相信自己的人、新加入一个群体的人或没有经历过同龄人压力的人也更容易屈服于同龄人压力。 who引导的定语从句中三个并列的形容词短语unsure of themselves, new to a group, or inexperienced with peer pressure做表语，修饰先行词people。 be unsure of oneself: not having enough confidence 缺乏自信她似乎很紧张而且不自信。 She seemed nervous and unsure of herself. 77

There’s no magic to standing up to peer pressure, but it does take courage. (Line 1, Para. 11) 抵抗同龄人压力并无魔法，但确实需要勇气。 magic 后面的 to 为介词，后面使用动名词形式。用在动词 take 前的 does 表示强调。 stand up to: to refuse to accept unfair treatment from a person or organization 拒绝接受；抵抗如果你有时不能大胆地反抗你老板，他就会认为你是软弱的。 If you don't stand up to him sometimes, the boss will just think you're weak. 78

And you may even be a positive influence on your peers who feel the same way—often it just takes one person to speak out or take a different action to change a situation. (Line 3, Para. 11) 而且你甚至可能会对有同样感觉的同龄人产生积极的影响——往往改变形势只是需要一个人说出来或采取不同的行动。 speak out: to publicly speak in protest about sth., especially when protesting could be dangerous 公开地说出（尤指冒险表示抗议）我打算直言反对委员会的决定。 I am going to speak out against the committee's decision. 79

(Line 1, Para. 2) have sth. in common (with sb/sth) share interests, characteristics, etc 有共同的利益、特点等除了音乐，我们还有很多共同点。 We have lots of things in common besides music. 衍伸短语：have nothing in common毫无相同之处

(Line 1, Para. 3) conform to to obey sth. such as a rule or law 遵守；遵照如果不遵守交通法规，你可能受伤。 If you don't conform to the traffic laws, you might get hurt. You must conform to the rules of the school. 你必须遵守学校的规章。 81

(Line 4, Para. 4) shun v. to deliberately avoid sb. or sth. （故意）避开，躲开威尔逊喜欢安静，他尽量避免出头露面。 Wilson is a quiet man who shuns publicity. When the rumors started, the children found themselves shunned by their classmates. 谣言传出后，这些孩子们发现同学都躲开他们。 82

(Line 2, Para. 5) fit into to be part of a group or system 成为······的一部分这沙发不错，但是它和房间里其他部分不搭。 It's a very nice sofa but it doesn't fit in with the rest of the room. 积极的生活态度使他很快的融入了团队。 With his positive attitude, he fit into our team in a very short time. 83

(Line 4, Para. 5) hang out 1) to spend a lot of time in a particular place or with particular people 泡在某处；与······常在一起我们可以只是闲逛一下，开开心。 We can just hang out and have a good time. 2) If you hang out clothes that you have washed, you hang them on a clothes line to dry. 天下雨时把洗的衣服搭出去是没有意义的。 It is pointless to hang out washing when it is raining. 84

(Line 7, Para. 5) secure 1) adj. feeling confident about yourself and your abilities 有自信的我认为玛丽并非像她想要我们相信的那样充满自信。 I don't think Marie is as secure as she would have liked us to believe. 2) adj. safe 和他在一起的时候，她感到一种被人保护的安全感。 She felt secure and protected when she was with him. 85

(Line 8, Para. 5) identify with sb. regard oneself as sharing the characteristics or fortunes of sb; take sb as a model 与某人认同；以某人为模式我对这部影片里的任何角色都难以认同。 I found it hard to identify with any of the characters in the film. 86

(Line 8, Para. 5) identify with sb. identify (oneself) with sb/sth: give support to sb/sth; be associated with sb/sth 支持某人[某事物]；与某人[某事物]有关联他拒绝与那个新政党来往。 He refused to identify himself / become identified with the new political party. identify sth with sth: consider sth to be identical with sth; equate two things 认为某事物与另事物等同幸福和财富不能混为一谈。 One cannot identify happiness with wealth. 87

(Line 11, Para. 5) blend in if sb. or sth. blends in, they are similar to the other people, objects, buildings, etc. around them, and so they seem appropriate or you do not notice them （与周围事物）融为一体新的办公大楼与周围的环境很不协调。 The new office block doesn't blend in with its surroundings. 88

(Line 2, Para. 7) resist 1) v. to try to prevent a change from happening or prevent yourself being forced to do sth. 抗拒；对抗该大学抵制了要求关闭其艺术系的压力。 The university resisted pressure to close its art department. 法官顶住压力拒绝延长刑期。 The judge resisted pressure to lengthen the sentence. 89

(Line 3, Para. 8) spur v. ~ sb / sth (on to sth / on): to encourage sb. or make them want to do sth. 激励；鼓励哪怕是微小的成功也会促使我做出更大的努力。 Even a small success would spur me on to greater effort. He was spurred on by ambition. 他胸怀大志。 90

(Line 1, Para. 9) tempt v. to try to persuade sb. to do sth. by making it seem attractive 怂恿；利诱他们提供免费礼品来吸引更多的顾客。 They’re offering free gifts to tempt more customers. 短语：tempt sb. (into sth. / doing sth.) 暖和的天气诱使我们去游泳。 The warm weather tempted us into going for a swim. 91

Passage A – Exercises Comprehension Vocabulary & Structure Translation

Passage A – Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 1 Everyone has to handle peer pressure at some time in their life. T 2 Sometimes a group can make subtle signals to let you know you must behave in a certain way. F Usually, it is quite easy to resist the pressure to do what others are doing. T 4 You can use peer pressure in your favor. F 5 People who are new to a group are more likely to stand up to peer pressure.

2. Choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 1 How successfully you deal with peer pressure depends on ______. B A the advice you get from your parents and teachers B how you feel about yourself and your place in the world C the recognition and support of your close friends

2. Choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 2 The difficulty of avoiding peer pressure lies in the fact that ______. C A people don’t want to look different from others B people love to go along with the crowd to drink and smoke C people want to be accepted and liked by their peers 95

2. Choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 3 When tempted by friends or other peers, you should ______. A A stand up for yourself and your beliefs B make compromises for the sake of friendship C ask for other people’s advice 96

potential adopt risky spur relatively
Passage A – Vocabulary and structure 1. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. adopt spur potential relatively risky 1. Signing for a top club would enable him to fulfill his true ___________. potential adopt 2. He decided to ___________ a more radical approach to the problem. risky 3. Banks don’t want to finance us because this is a(n) _______ business. spur 4. The thought of losing the game was enough to __________ him into action. relatively 5. I like to think I’m ___________ easy to get along with.

fitting into go along with standing up to conform to belong to
Passage B – Vocabulary and structure 2. Complete the following sentences with the expressions given below. Change the form if necessary. belong to fit into stand up to conform to go along with 1. A lot of our new students have a hard time ___________ the group. fitting into 2. Whatever the majority decided I was prepared to ___________________. go along with 3. He became a kind of hero for ___________________ local gangs. standing up to 4. If you are a member of our dance club, you must ___________________ our rules. conform to 5. Our teacher says these languages ___________ the Latin family. belong to 98

performance guidance attendance appearance inheritance
Passage A – Vocabulary and structure 3. Add the suffix “-ance” to the words given below. Then complete the following sentences with the words thus formed. guide perform appear attend inherit performance 1. The school drama society will give a(n) ___________ of Hamlet. guidance 2. Dad has given me a lot of ___________ on choosing a career. attendance 3. Daily ___________ at school has improved since the project began. appearance 4. It was the president’s second public ___________ to date. inheritance 5. She feared losing her ___________ to her stepmother.

Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
4. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese given in brackets into English using the structure "so that." Column A Column B … winning a marathon is another. … don’t quit. … to do some exercise. … is talking to a wall. It is good for you… Being able to run fast is one thing,… Talking to him… When faced with failure,… 100

5. Complete the following passage by choosing from the words given below. Do not use any of the words more than once. subtle lack pressure improved comfortable hire fitting dealing influence concern lives discovering handle closing generations It is reasonable to say that every teenager can be affected by peer ___________ at some point. Every day, in any high school, peer pressure has a major 　____________ over the behavior of teenagers. It can be as　 ____________ as being persuaded to be late for class or as extreme as a dangerous drug. Whether subtle or extreme, peer pressure can have damaging, sometimes life-changing results. 1) 　　　　　　 pressure 2) 　　　　　　 influence 3) 　　　　　　 subtle 101

subtle lack pressure improved comfortable hire fitting dealing influence concern lives discovering handle closing generations “Teens don’t often consider the long-term results that some behavior can cause,” said Terri Price, a researcher. “Peer pressure can be very difficult to ___________ for many teens because of their fears of not “ ___________ in.” Peer pressure has always been part of teen life, but teens experience it differently than their former ___________ did in the past. Sources of peer pressure have increased because of the Internet and other electronic communications. Recognizing peer pressure can be as simple as noticing that you have been asked to do something that you are not ___________ with. “Listen to your instinct, which is a sign for whether something is right or wrong. If it feels wrong, then most likely it is.” says Price. 4)　　　　　　 handle 5)　　　　　　 fitting generations 6) 　　　　　　 7) 　　　　　　 comfortable 102

subtle lack pressure improved comfortable hire fitting dealing influence concern lives discovering handle closing generations Teens are in a time of life when they are still _____________ who they are. Many teens are influenced by peer pressure because of their insecurities. This can make them helpless, especially when their self-control is weak or they __________ healthy support, causing them to take risky behavior or turn to unhealthy support. Dealing with peer pressure is a topic of ___________ for teens. People can say, “Just say no,” but the truth is that the statement is easier said than done. 8) 　　　　　　　　 discovering lack 9)　　　　　　 10) 　　　　　　 concern 103

Passage A – Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Whether it is pressure to conform to a group norm or pressure to act a certain way, peer pressure is something everybody has to deal with at some time in their life. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 不管是顺从群体规范的压力，还是遵循某种行为方式的压力，同龄人压力是每个人在生活的某些时刻必须处理的事情。 2. People who are not confident and those who tend to follow rather than lead can be more prone to seek their peers’ approval by giving in to a risky challenge or suggestion. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 那些缺乏自信的人和往往顺从而不是引导别人的人更容易通过屈服于有风险的挑战或建议来寻求同龄人的赞同。

Passage A – Translation
2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English with the help of the words or phrases given in brackets. 我们应该学会抵制来自同龄人的压力，虽然这需要勇气。(stand up to, take) ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________. Although it takes courage, we should learn to stand up to peer pressure. 该项目能否成功，在一定程度上取决于我们能否预见潜在的困难。(depend on, to some extent, foresee) ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________. The success of the project, to some extent, depends on our ability to foresee potential difficulties. 这些消费者组织的目的是维护消费者的合法权益。(stand up for) ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________. The purpose of these customer organizations is to stand up for customers’ legal rights.

The world of art students
Passage B The world of art students Lead-in Text study Exercises

Passage B – The world of art students
Lead-in Pre-reading activity Background information Video appreciation 107

Pre-reading Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. Some people hold the opinion that art students always have strange looks and behave in an unusual way. Do you agree? Why or why not? Sample answer 1: I agree with the opinion. Many art students around me often have strange looks because of their unusual hairstyles and weird clothes. It seems that they sometimes also behave in an odd way, regardless of other people’s opinions. 108

Pre-reading Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. Some people hold the opinion that art students always have strange looks and behave in an unusual way. Do you agree? Why or why not? Sample answer 2: I don’t agree. Although some art students do have strange looks or behave in an unusual way, most art students have a lot in common with students of other majors, whether in their looks, behavior, or thoughts. Moreover, in my opinion, those who have strange looks or behave in an unusual way just want to look different or are trying to be creative with their looks. We are supposed to accept them as who they are rather than judge them by their looks and behavior. 109

Pre-reading Work in groups to discuss the following questions. Do you think art students are more creative than others? Give your reasons Sample answer 1: To some extent, I think they are more creative than others. Art students attach much importance to imagination, innovation, individuality, and self-expression, etc., which are essential to be creative. Moreover, they have more time to create because of their course arrangement. 110

Pre-reading Work in groups to discuss the following questions. Do you think art students are more creative than others? Give your reasons Sample answer 2: I do not think art students are more creative than others. Creativity depends on one‘s talent, motivation, experience, etc. Major does not make a difference. 111

Background information 1. Mohawk 2. Minneapolis College of Art and Design 3. GPA 4. ACT 5. SAT 112

1. Mohawk 113

2. Minneapolis College of Art and Design Minneapolis College of Art and Design (MCAD) is a private, nonprofit four-year and postgraduate college specializing in the visual arts. Located in the Whittier neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, MCAD currently enrolls approximately 650 students offering curriculum that includes painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, video, illustration, graphic design, book arts, furniture design, liberal arts, comic art, and sustainable design. MCAD is one of the few major art schools to offer a major in comic art. 114

3. GPA GPA is the abbreviation of grade point average. It is calculated by taking the number of grade points a student earned in a given period of time divided by the total number of credits taken. In the United States, it usually ranges from 0 to 4 or A to D. 115

4. ACT (American College Test) ACT is the abbreviation of American College Test. It is a standardized test for high school achievement and college admissions in the U.S. It generally consists of four tests: English, Mathematics, Social Studies, and Natural Sciences, which are scored individually on a scale of 1-36, and your final score will be an average of these results. 116

5. SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) The SAT is a globally recognized college admission test that lets you show colleges what you know and how well you can apply that knowledge. It tests your knowledge of reading, writing and math — subjects that are taught every day in high school classrooms. Most students take the SAT during their junior or senior year of high school, and almost all colleges and universities use the SAT to make admission decisions. 117

Lead-in - Video appreciation High School Musical 118

Text study Text reading Organization of the text Language points

Passage B The world of art students 1. “Weird Mohawk. And why are those guys wearing dresses?” These people sound like the kind that most would try to avoid, but at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design these are students you run into every day. After a while, they start to seem normal. 2. I, like many, am guilty of judging these young adults who stand out in a typical crowd. When I first walked into this college, my eyes were filled with bright colors and strange looks. I thought, why are these people staring at me when they’re the ones who look weird? I did not have the time to get to know them better, and didn’t really care. ________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ___________________________ 120

Passage B Teens and peer pressure At the beginning of the year, I met Garrett, a student at MCAD. He is one of those who, in my opinion, stand out. He has long black hair, a small pointed beard and is of a size that could easily frighten you. When I asked what he would like to change about how others see him, he said, “People always think I am big and mean but really I’m not.” Garrett is not very different from other young men. He attends classes during the week and has fun on weekends. He enjoys video games, movies and hanging out with friends. He also likes to work out, but going to art school reduces his ability to do this. ____________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _____________________ ___ 按图标S只显示需讲解的句子超链接；按图标W只显示需讲解的词汇和短语超链接；按扫帚图标清除所有超链接标记。按上箭头回到上一层。 __________________________________________________ 121

Passage B The world of art students 5. When some think of art school, they think it is an easy way to get by and that only “freaks” attend. When I asked Garrett about applying to art school, he said, “We have a portfolio review where we must meet certain requirements and also show we’ve maintained a decent GPA.” You also have to submit a transcript and an ACT or SAT score. If you enter with a GPA below a C, you’re put on academic probation. If your GPA always fails to meet their expectations, you can be expelled. This ensures that only the most dedicated students have the opportunity to fulfill their artistic dreams. ___________________________________________________ ______________________________________ 122

Passage B The world of art students 6. I asked Garrett about the differences between art college and another college like the University of Minnesota. “Here, we are not required to take classes like math or science, but we do take similar general courses, which include writing and history. All the compulsory classes have some connection to art,” he explained. 123

Passage B The world of art students 7. I wondered what Garrett’s first impression of the students had been, and he said, “I thought most looked normal, but some did look odd. But I’m used to it now. It’s not such a big deal.” When outsiders enter this college, they will probably think everyone is weird, and dress inappropriately. Garrett added, “Many people look different because they do not want to look like everyone else, and so are trying to be creative with their looks.” They are not trying to give others a bad impression. They are just setting themselves outside the norm. __________________________________________________ ________________________________________ 124

Passage B The world of art students 8. Isn’t it true that when little children are at the shop with their parents, they are told to stay away from the scary-looking guy? Or, that the older generations often make rude comments about what our society is becoming? Then again, in school we are taught that society should accept people for who they are and give everyone a chance. Many do not give art students a chance because of how they look. They are just like everyone else who are trying to do something with their lives. The only difference is that they are only trying to impress themselves. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ _____________ 125

Passage B The world of art students 9. We have certain expectations of what everyone should look like and if someone chooses to dress or look different, he or she is labeled “different.” People need to stop worrying about what is “normal” and start recognizing others based on their personality and who they are. 126

Organization of the text Part I (Para. ______) 1-2 The general impression of art students to ordinary persons: Bright colors and strange looks. Structure Part II (Para. ______) 3-7 An example of art students: Most art students look normal. Part III (Para. ______) 8-9 What should we do: Don't judge a man from his appearance. 127

These people sound like the kind that most would try to avoid, but at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design these are students you run into every day. (Line 2, Para. 1) 这些人听起来像是那种大多数人都会尽量避免接触的人，但在明尼阿波利斯艺术设计学院，你每天都会遇见这样的学生。 sound like: 听起来像他说的听上去简直像一篇神话。 What he said sounded like a fairy tale. that most would try to avoid 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the kind。 128

These people sound like the kind that most would try to avoid, but at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design these are students you run into every day. (Line 2, Para. 1) run into: to meet sb. by chance 偶然遇见你猜我今天下午在街上碰到谁了? Guess who I ran into in the street this afternoon? 129

I, like many, am guilty of judging these young adults who stand out in a typical crowd. (Line 1, Para. 2) 像许多人一样，我也曾对那些在人群中引人注目的年轻人评头论足，这种做法是不对的。 guilty: adj. (esp. law 尤用于法律) having done wrong; being to blame (for sth) 有罪的; 犯罪的; （对某事）有罪责的 be guilty of doing sth.: 做某事是不对的你犯了个大错。 You have been guilty of a serious mistake. 130

I, like many, am guilty of judging these young adults who stand out in a typical crowd. (Line 1, Para. 2) stand out: to be very easy to see or notice 突出；显眼他的个头使他在人群中显得很突出。 His height makes him stand out in the crowd. 131

He is one of those who, in my opinion, stand out. He has long black hair, a small pointed beard and is of a size that could easily frighten you. (Line 2, Para. 3) 在我看来，他是一个与众不同的人。他留着长长的黑发，蓄着一小撮尖尖的胡须，身材高大得很容易让人觉得恐惧。 be of + 表示年龄、大小、颜色、重量等的名词，说明主语的特征。我在你这个年龄的时候，我已经在农场工作了。 When I was of your age, I have worked on the farm. 132

He is one of those who, in my opinion, stand out. He has long black hair, a small pointed beard and is of a size that could easily frighten you. (Line 2, Para. 3) 这些花的颜色都不同。 These flowers are of different colors. be of a size 用于说明主语 he 的体型特征，a size 后面跟了一个定语从句对其加以说明。 133

He attends classes during the week and has fun on weekends. (Line 1, Para. 4) 他周一至周五上课，周末娱乐。 attend: v. to go regularly to a school, church, etc. 上（学）；去（教堂）上课 attend classes 参加会议 attend meetings 134

When some think of art school, they think it is an easy way to get by and that only “freaks” attend. (Line 1, Para. 5) 有些人一想到艺术院校，就觉得这样的学校很容易读，而且只有“怪人”才上此类学校。在宾语从句中，当一个谓语引出两个宾语从句时，前一个that可以去掉，但为了避免歧义，后一个that不可以省。所以原句中they think后第一个宾语从句中的that省略，第二个and后的宾语从句that不可省略。 get by: 过得去；勉强应付汤姆仅靠一点点钱勉强度日。 Tom managed to get by on a small amount of money. 135

They are not trying to give others a bad impression. They are just setting themselves outside the norm. (Line 8, Para. 7) 他们并不是要给别人留下不好的印象，只是不想墨守成规。 set: v. to put sb. or sth. in a particular state 使处于······状态人质被释放。 The hostages were set free. 136

They are not trying to give others a bad impression. They are just setting themselves outside the norm. (Line 8, Para. 7) 他们并不是要给别人留下不好的印象，只是不想墨守成规。 outside the norm: 不合乎规范乔伊斯的写作风格不拘一格。 Joyce’s style of writing was outside the norm. 137

Isn’t it true that when little children are at the shop with their parents, they are told to stay away from the scary-looking guy? (Line 1, Para. 8) 小孩和父母逛商店时，父母难道不会叮嘱他们远离那些外貌吓人的家伙吗？本句话为否定疑问句，it 为形式主语，真正的主语为后面 that 引导的从句。 stay away from …: 远离······；与······保持距离医生叫他不要吃这样的酒菜。 The doctor told him to stay away from such foods and drinks. 138

(Line 4, Para. 2) stare v. look (at sb/sth) with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze (in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc) （对某人[某物]）瞪著眼睛凝视，盯著看盯着人看是没有礼貌的。 It's rude to stare at persons. 他们的争吵吸引了过往购物者注视的目光。 Their argument attracted the stares of passing shoppers. 139

(Line 4, Para. 2) stare stare 和 gaze的区别： The verbs stare and gaze are both used to talk about looking at something for a long time. If you stare at something or someone, it is often because you think they are strange or shocking.动词 stare 和 gaze 都可以用来表示长时间地注视某物。stare at常常用来表示因某物怪异或令人震惊而瞪着眼睛看。家家户户都出来盯着我们看。 Various families came out and stared at us. 140

(Line 4, Para. 2) stare stare 和 gaze的区别： If you gaze at something, it is often because you think it is marvellous or impressive. gaze at则常常用来表示因所见之物精彩或壮观而盯着看。我们好奇地看着眼前的情景。 We gazed in wonder at the scene before us. 141

(Line 3, Para. 4) work out 1) 锻炼；健身为了减肥，他一周去健身房锻炼两次，或游两次泳。 He works out at a gym or swim twice a week in order to lose weight. 2) (如期）发生；进展(顺利) 事情根本没有按计划进行。 Things just didn't work out as planned. 142

(Line 3, Para. 4) work out 3) 找出处理某事物的方法；解决某事物弄明白一难题、疑问、密码信息等 work out a problem, puzzle, coded message, etc. 143

(Line 5, Para. 5) submit 1) v. to give a plan, piece of writing, etc. to sb. in authority for them to consider or approve 呈送；提交向指导教师呈交论文 submit an essay to one's tutor 2) v. accept the control, superior strength, etc (of sb/sth); yield (to sb/sth)顺从；屈服；投降；被迫接受永远不要屈服于威胁。 Never submit to a threat. 144

(Line 7, Para. 5) put / place sb. on academic probation 留校察看某人我别无选择，只能把你留校察看。 I have no choice but to put you on academic probation. probation: n. a period of time during which an employer can see if a new worker is good enough 试用期新加入的人员有三个月试用期。 There's a three-month period of probation for new recruits. 145

(Line 8, Para. 5) expel v. to officially force sb. to leave a school or organization 开除杰克斯被篮球队开除了。 Jakes had been expelled from the basketball team. 146

(Line 8, Para. 6) compulsory adj. if sth. is compulsory, it must be done because of a rule or law 规定的；强迫的英语是必修科目吗? Is English a compulsory subject? compulsory classes: 必修课 147

(Line 3, Para. 7) It’s not a big deal 没什么大不了的算了吧，没什么大不了的。 Just forget it, and it’s not a big deal. 我们不要小题大做了。 Let’s not make a big deal about it. 148

(Line 4, Para. 9) label v. to use a word or phrase to describe sb. or sth., but often unfairly or incorrectly 把······不公正地称为报纸不公正地称他为一个麻烦制造者。 The newspaper had unjustly labeled him a troublemaker. label: n. 标签，标记 149

Vocabulary & structure
Passage B – Exercises Comprehension Vocabulary & structure Translation Oral work 150

Passage B – Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 1 The writer felt ashamed of judging young people who looked different from others. F 2 Though strangely dressed, Garrett is not viewed as a scary-looking student. F 3 To fulfill their artistic dreams, the students at MCAD don’t need to care much about their GPA. F 4 Garrett thought most students in his college looked odd. F 5 According to the writer, the older generations often make gentle comments about what our society is becoming. 151

2. Answer the following questions. What is the difference between art colleges and other colleges according to Garrett? Students at art colleges are not required to take classes like math or science. 152

2. According to the writer, how do we judge people who dress or look different? If people dress or look different, we will not regard them as normal people. 153

Passage B – Vocabulary and structure
1. Complete the words you’ve learned from the passage according to their definitions. 1 w________ adj. unusual and strange eird 2 o________ n. your ideas or beliefs about a particular subject pinion 3 r________ v. to make sth. smaller or less in size, amount, price, etc. educe 4 d________ adj. acceptable and good enough ecent 5 c________ n. an opinion that you give about sb. or sth. omment 6 p________ n. sb.’s character, especially the way they behave toward other people ersonality 7 e________ v. to officially force sb. to leave a school or organization xpel 8 c________ n. a relationship between things, people, ideas, etc. onnection 154

2. Compare each pair of words and complete the following sentences with the right one. Change the form if necessary. 1. require, requirement Most house plants ___________ good light and regular watering. require He has met all _____________ for promotion. requirements 2. guilty, guilt His ___________ conscience kept him awake all night. guilty Marta felt a sense of ___________ about leaving home. guilt 155

2. Compare each pair of words and complete the following sentences with the right one. Change the form if necessary. 3. impress, impression It’s important to make a good___________ at your interview. impression We were ___________ by the size of his art collection. impressed 4. expect, expectation Wanda’s parents _________ too much of her. expect We must meet customers’ ____________ about the quality of the products. expectations 156

3. Complete the following sentences with the expressions given below. Change the form if necessary. run into work out stare at worry about stand out 1. Sue ___________ in the gym twice a week. works out 2. In her red dress, she really _____________ in the crowd. stands out 3. I just happened to __________________ him at the bank. run into 4. Parents always ________________ their children’s safety. worry about 5. The little child ___________ the toys in the shop window. stares at 157

4. Combine the sentence beginnings in Column A with the endings in Column B to form complete sentences. Column A Column B … when facing the camera. … attitude is more important than talent? … if I can learn to speak good English in a year. … who always think they are right. He is one of those… I wonder… Isn’t it true that… She was often nervous… 158

Passage B – Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. When some think of art school, they think it is an easy way to get by and that only “freaks” attend. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 有些人一想到艺术院校，就觉得这样的学校很容易读，而且只有“怪人”才上此类学校。 We have certain expectations of what everyone should look like and if someone chooses to dress or look different, he or she is labeled “different.” _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 我们总是期望每个人的外表应该是什么样子，如果有人选择不同的打扮或看起来与众不同，他或她就会被贴上“另类”的标签。 159

Passage B – Translation
2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English with the help of the phrases given in brackets. 他盯着橱窗里那把吉他看了很长时间。(stare at) ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ He stared at the guitar in the shop window for a long time. 一些学校规定，考试作弊的学生将被开除。(expel) ______________________________________________ Some schools provide that students cheating on exams will be expelled. 虽然平时她很忙，但周末还是会抽时间和家人在一起玩。(hang out) ______________________________________________ She is quite busy during the week, but she hangs out with families on weekends. 160

Words and expressions you may use
Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. What is your first impression of young people who stand out in a crowd? 2. In your opinion, which one plays a more important role in judging a person, appearance or personality? Why? Words and expressions you may use • scary-looking • weird • normal • odd • freak • ordinary 161

Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. What is your first impression of young people who stand out in a crowd? I think they are a little bit weird, but I totally understand them. Perhaps they want to look different and get others’ attention. 162

Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 2. In your opinion, which one plays a more important role in judging a person, appearance or personality? Why? In my opinion, personality plays a more important role in judging a person. Although appearance does play a role, we can never judge a person by his or her appearance because it is sometimes deceptive. An ugly man may be very kind-hearted while a pretty girl might be dishonest. 163

Grammar Comparative structures（形容词 / 副词比较级和最高级的常用结构） Exercises

Grammar - Comparative structures
用形容词 / 副词原级表示比较级的常用结构形容词 / 副词比较级的常用结构形容词 / 副词最高级的常用结构

He considered her opinion as valuable as ours.
Grammar - Comparative structures 一、用形容词 / 副词原级表示比较级的常用结构 1. as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as e.g. He considered her opinion as valuable as ours. 2) She sings as sweetly as a nightingale.

Mary is as beautiful a girl as Linda is.
Grammar - Comparative structures 2. as + 形容词原级 + 名词 + as e.g. Mary is as beautiful a girl as Linda is. Jim is as smart a kid as Tony is. 167

He swims better than I do. I go there more frequently than she does.
Grammar - Comparative structures 二、形容词 / 副词比较级的常用结构 1. 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than e.g. He swims better than I do. I go there more frequently than she does. 168

She is in better health than last year.
Grammar - Comparative structures 2. 形容词比较级 + 名词 + than e.g. She is in better health than last year. You have more imagination than I have. 169

The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually is.
Grammar - Comparative structures 3. the + 形容词 / 副词比较级······，the + 形容词 / 副词比较级······ e.g. The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually is. The higher the ground is, the thinner the air becomes. 170

The story gets more and more exciting.
Grammar - Comparative structures 4. 形容词 / 副词比较级 + and + 形容词 / 副词比较级 e.g. The story gets more and more exciting. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 171

This is the oldest theater in London.
Grammar - Comparative structures 三、形容词 / 副词最高级的常用结构 1. the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 e.g. This is the oldest theater in London. Which is the longest river in China? 172

That was one of the worst movies he had ever seen.
Grammar - Comparative structures 2. one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数形式 e.g. That was one of the worst movies he had ever seen. Rose is one of the most diligent girls in her class. 173

Of these sports, I like skating most. Who arrived the earliest of all?
Grammar - Comparative structures 3. 动词 + 副词最高级 e.g. Of these sports, I like skating most. Who arrived the earliest of all? 174

China is larger than any other country in Asia.
Grammar - Comparative structures 4. 形容词比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 e.g. China is larger than any other country in Asia. He is more talented than any other player in his team. 175

Grammar - Exercises 1. Complete the following sentences with the words in brackets. Change the form if necessary. 1. New York is as ____________ as Los Angeles. (crowded) crowded 2. ____________ distance between two points is a straight line. (short) The shortest 3. Generally speaking, women drive ______________ than men. (carefully) more carefully 4. It takes ____________ time to go there by plane than by train. (little) less 5. These new chairs aren’t as ____________ as the old ones. (comfortable) comfortable

Grammar - Exercises 2. Complete the following sentences with the correct expressions given in brackets. 1. Many people are working _________________ hours. (long and long / longer and longer) longer and longer 2. ____________ exercise you take, ____________ likely you will catch a cold. (The much / The more, the less / the little) The more the less most charming 3. He is one of the _______________ actors she has ever seen. (more charming / most charming) 4. This place is ______________ than any other restaurant in the city. (most expensive / more expensive) more expensive 177

Writing Revising an essay Exercises

Writing - Revising an essay
Notes 提纲写好之后，开始撰写初稿。按照提纲撰写初稿时，不要完全被提纲限制了思路，写作过程中如果有新想法，可以在不偏离主题的前提下进行适当修改。修改润色是写作的重要环节。初稿完成后通常需要经过反复修改，才能成为一篇出色的文章。修改润色不仅包括纠正语言错误，还应该根据实际需要对文章内容和结构进行必要的调整。

修改内容在修改过程中，可以从文章的内容、结构、句子和用词四个方面着手，根据已经掌握的写作技巧，分别进行相应的修改。 1 内容：在文章内容方面，应该明确以下几个问题：主旨思想是否明确？内容是否能够支撑主题？论（叙）述是否合理？论据是否充分？有没有偏离主题的内容？ 2 结构：在文章结构方面，应该注意以下几个问题：开篇是否合理切入主题？主体段落的顺序是否恰当？段落之间的衔接过渡是否自然流畅？文章结尾是否点题？结论是否与全文呼应？ 180

修改内容 3 句子：在句子方面，应该着重从以下几个方面进行修改润色：句子之间衔接是否紧密？句子类型、结构、长短是否有变化？有没有语法错误？标点符号的使用是否正确？ 4 用词：在用词方面，可以从以下几个方面着手：有没有拼写错误？有没有大小写错误？用词是否准确？词语搭配是否合理？所用词语是否与文体风格相一致？词语是否多次重复？用词是否生动形象？ 181

Example: First draft Bargaining is a difficult process. The buyer wants to take a product at the lowest possible price. The seller wants to maximize the potential for profit. It is in the best interest of these people to figure out how they will convince the sellers to low their prices. Always assume that the price tag represents the starting point of you’re negotiations. I am usually very good at bargaining. If you do not ask for a special deal, the salesperson probably will not volunteer to give you one.

Another thing, you must be prepared to walk away from an item when you are bargaining. Even if you really want it. Never let the sellers know that you really want their products. Finally, patience. Remember that looking for bargains takes time and energy. If you practice your bargaining skills often, you will get better at it the next time you go shopping. 183

Example: Revised version Bargaining is a difficult process. The buyer wants to purchase a product at the lowest possible price. But the seller wants to maximize the potential for profit. Thus it is in the best interest of buyers to figure out how they will convince the sellers to lower their prices. First, always assume that the price tag represents the starting point of your negotiations. I am usually very good at bargaining. If you do not ask for a special deal, the salesperson probably will not volunteer to give you one. 184

Second, you must be prepared to walk away from an item when you are bargaining, even if you really want it. Never let the sellers know that you really want their products. Finally, be patient. Remember that looking for bargains takes time and energy. If you practice your bargaining skills often, you will get better at it the next time you go shopping. 185

首先，从例文结构看，作者意在从三个角度谈消费者应该如何跟商家讨价还价，第二、三、四段以first，second，finally开头，使文章的脉络层次更加清晰。其次，从内容方面看，论述应该围绕主题进行，文中第二段的第二句话I am usually very good at bargaining对第二段的论证并无作用，反而打断了上下文的衔接，故而删除。再次，从句子层面看，应该注意句子之间的连贯性，切忌一盘散沙。以例文第一段为例，添加but，thus这些连接词使得前后语意更加连贯，逻辑关系也更为清楚。 186

在句子层面还应该注意语法问题，如Even if you really want it 不能单独成句。最后，从单词层面看，例文中应注意拼写问题，如第二段的you’re 应改为your。此外文中还出现了词语搭配和词性问题，如第一段出现take a product属用词不当，表达“购买”可用purchase，而表示“( 使) 降低”应用lower，而不是low。 187

1 What is the main point of the essay?
Writing - Exercises Work in pairs. Read the essay your partner wrote for Writing in Unit 7 and answer the following questions. Then improve the essay as much as you can. 1 What is the main point of the essay? 2 Is the essay structure appropriate? Why? 3 Does the essay have sentence variety? Underline all the connectors in the essay. Does the writer use them correctly? Are there any spelling or grammar mistakes? If yes, correct them.

Culture express The Juilliard School Questions

Culture express - The Juilliard School
The Juilliard School was founded in 1905 as the Institute of Musical Art by Dr. Frank Damrosch, the godson of Franz Liszt and the head of music education for New York City’s public schools. Throughout its history, The Juilliard School has maintained a commitment to providing the highest caliber of artistic and educational experience to exceptionally talented young performing artists from around the world.

Admittance into The Juilliard School is known to be highly competitive. During 2007, the school received 2,138 applications for admission, of which 162 were admitted. In 2011, the school accepted only 5.5 percent of applicants. The application process varies by academic department, and they emphasize not only the talent of the applicant but also his or her devotion and enthusiasm for music. Once at Juilliard, all students will take courses in the liberal arts, in addition to courses specific to their major.

Juilliard consistently places high in ranking lists because many of the school’s graduates have achieved prominent positions as performers and educators, including the actor Robin Williams, the violinist Itzhak Perlman, the dancer Bebe Neuwirth and the cellist (大提琴家) Yo-Yo Ma. So there is no wonder why people call it “the cradle of superstars.” 192

Culture express - Exercises
Work in groups to discuss the following questions. What do you think of the admittance into The Juilliard School? Will it, in your opinion, pose limitations on the talented art students? Do you know anything about other art colleges around the world?

Work in groups to discuss the following questions. What do you think of the admittance into The Juilliard School? Will it, in your opinion, pose limitations on the talented art students? I think the admittance into The Juilliard School is highly strict for applicants. The school’s emphasis on devotion and enthusiasm for music is of great value for future musicians. The admittance criterion of The Juilliard School lays a solid foundation for its fame. In my opinion, The Juilliard School doesn’t pose limitations on the talented art students. They are picky, but they can find out real promising artists. 194

Work in groups to discuss the following questions. Do you know anything about other art colleges around the world? I know something about The Royal College of Music (RCM). As one of the world’s great art colleges, the RCM trains gifted art students from all over the world for such careers as performers, conductors, composers, etc. The RCM, founded in 1882 by the Prince of Wales (later Edward VII), is situated directly opposite the Royal Albert Hall (皇家阿尔伯特音乐厅) in the cultural heart of London. Its buildings, facilities, and location are the envy of the world. 195

Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express.

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