1. Completing Sentences Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases given in the box. Change the form if necessary. embarrass bother.

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1 1. Completing Sentences Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases given in the box. Change the form if necessary. embarrass bother adjust coordinate halt subject engage urge participate complain kid see to it that The people were to do their very best to save their nation. The mountain climbers for a rest. I am sorry to you, but could you direct me to the station? urged halted bother

2 embarrass bother adjust coordinate halt subject engage urge participate complain kid see to it that
4) She was to hear her husband talking so loudly at the party. 5) He very quickly to the heat of the country. 6) If the service was so bad, why didn’t you to the manager? 7) Don’t me. I know you’re not telling the truth. 8) If a book doesn’t my interest in the first few pages, I don’t usually continue reading it. embarrassed adjusted complain kid engage

3 embarrass bother adjust coordinate halt subject engage urge participate complain kid see to it that
9) “I didn’t want to him to the long journey,” she said. 10) Papa much of my spare time was profitably occupied. 11) A baby cannot easily his movements. 12) We asked high school students to in an anti-drugs campaign. subject saw to it that coordinate participate

4 2. Word-Building Directions: Give the noun or adjective form of the words as indicated in the brackets. Then complete the sentences with words from the table. Use each word once. patient— (noun) enter— (noun) bitter— (noun) complain— (noun) fortunate— (noun) envy— (adjective) knowledge— (adjective) memory— (adjective) reluctance— (adjective) frustrate— (noun)

5 Word-Building patient—patience (n.) enter—entrance (n.) bitter—bitterness (n.) complain—complaint (n.) fortunate—fortune (n.) envy—envious (adj.) knowledge—knowledgeable (adj.) memory—memorable (adj.) reluctance—reluctant (adj.) frustrate—frustration (n.)

6 patience entrance bitterness complaint fortune envious knowledgeable memorable reluctant frustration
1) Failing the final exams was a disappointment for me. 2) You are very to have found such a pleasant house. 3) You’d be hopeless looking after children—you don’t have enough 4) The queen’s visit was a occasion. bitter fortunate patience memorable

7 patience entrance bitterness complaint fortune envious knowledgeable memorable reluctant frustration
5) He was very to go, but he had no choice. 6) The explosion did a great deal of damage to the of the building. 7) The store has a special department to handle customer 8) He was of his brother because the latter could afford to give so much. reluctant entrance complaints envious

8 patience entrance bitterness complaint fortune envious knowledgeable memorable reluctant frustration
9) Do you think you are more than your parents were at your age? 10) The of his ambitions made him a bitter man. frustration

9 He walked slowly because of his bad leg.
3. 汉译英 Directions: Translate the Chinese sentences into English, using the expressions in brackets. 1) 他走得慢是因为腿有毛病。(because of) He walked slowly because of his bad leg. 2) 他尽管病得很重，但还是来参加会议了。(despite) He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.

10 Go to After-Class Reading
3) 他确保同样的错误今后不再发生。(see to it that) He saw to it that the same mistake didn’t happen again. 4) 现在他们之间的了解多了一些，他们相处得就好些了。(now that) Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better, they get along just fine. 5) 此时我发现自己被五六个男孩子围住了。(find oneself) Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys. 6) 在这幸福的时刻，我向你致以最美好的祝愿。(on… occasion) I send you my best wishes on this happy occasion. Go to After-Class Reading End of In-Class Reading

11 Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: Choose the item that best completes the sentence. 1) It is reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory by about 10%. A) will have risen B) has risen C) will be rising D) has been rising 2) Before the first non-stop flight _______ made in 1949, it was necessary for all planes to land for refueling. A) would be B) has been C) had been D) would have been √ √ To be continued

12 √ √ 3) Until then, his family ________ from him for six months.
A) didn’t hear B) hasn’t been hearing C) hasn’t heard D) hadn’t heard 4) It seems oil _____ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right. A) had leaked B) is leaking C) leaked D) has been leaking √ √ To be continued

13 √ √ 5) My camera can be ______ to take pictures in cloudy or
sunny conditions. A) treated B) adjusted C) adopted D) remedied 6) I am very sorry to have ______ you with so many questions on such an occasion. A) interfered B) offended C) impressed D) bothered √ √ To be continued

14 √ √ 7) When the fire at the National Exhibition in
London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed. A) broke off B) broke out C) broke down D) broke up 8) At the party we found that shy girl her mother all the time. A)depending on B) coinciding with C) adhering to D) clinging to √ √ To be continued

15 √ √ 9)The newcomers found it impossible to .
themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent home in the new country. A) suit B) adapt C) regulate D) coordinate 10) Since the matter was extremely , we dealt with it immediately. A) tough B) tense C) urgent D) instant √ √ To be continued

16 √ √ 11) When he tried to make a _____ he found that the
hotel was completely filled because of a convention. A) complaint B) claim C) reservation D) decision 12) Although Asian countries are generally more _____ in social customs than Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India. A) conservative B) confidential C) comprehensive D) consistent √ √ To be continued

17 √ √ 13) This popular sports car is now being _____ at the rate
of a thousand a week. A) turned down B) turned up C) turned out D) turned on 14) A healthy life is frequently thought to be _____ with the open countryside and homegrown food. A) tied B) bound C) involved D) associated √ √ To be continued

18 √ √ 15) People appreciate _____ with him because he has a
good sense of humor. A) to work B) to have worked C) working D) having worked 16) Although cats cannot see in complete darkness, their eyes are much more _____ to light than are human eyes. A) glowing B) brilliant C) sensitive D) gloomy √ √ To be continued

19 √ √ 17) Both parties promised to _____ the contract to be
signed the following day. A) keep with B) tangle with C) adhere to D) devote to 18) A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _____. A) nuisance B) trouble C) worry D) anxiety √ √ To be continued

20 √ √ 19) The suggestion that the mayor _____ the prizes was
accepted by everyone. A) would present B) present C) presents D) ought to present 20) He _____ his head, wondering how to solve the problem. A) scrapped B) screwed C) scraped D) scratched √ √

21 英译汉 1. He almost never missed a day. 他几乎从未旷过一天工。
2. He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. 他从不把自己当作同情的对象，也从不对更幸运的或更能干的人表示任何嫉妒。

22 3. Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way.
尽管很多活动我爸爸不能参加，但他还是尽量用某种方式参加。 4. I could have done this, too, if things had been different. 如果不是这种情形的话，我也能做这些。

23 Knowing About Translation
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation Translation Knowing About Translation 英译汉省略译法（1）省略代词和冠词 省略译法指在翻译中略去原文中需要而译文中不需要的单词和词组。英语和汉语在某些词类的使用上有较大差异，英语里代词和连接词用得较多，而汉语里则用得较少。英译汉时，为了使译文自然流畅，往往要避免在句子里出现代词和连接词。 To be continued

24 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
一、省略代词 英语里，完整的句子（祈使句除外）都有主语。当谓语动词是及物动词时，宾语往往必不可少，因此代词会反复出现；而汉语句子中, 前后若指的是同一人或事物，后面的主语就不再重复，宾语也经常会因为前面已提到过而省略。所以在汉语的译文中，重复出现的代词大多可以省略。例如： 英译汉省略译法（1）省略代词和冠词 He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. 他从不把自己当作同情的对象，也从不对更幸运的或更能干的人表示任何嫉妒。 To be continued

25 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching. 他喜欢参加舞会和聚会，就是坐在一旁观看，也很开心。 Every afternoon when I came on duty as the evening nurse, I would walk the halls of the nursing home, pausing at each door to chat and observe. 作为晚间护土，每天下午我值勤的时候，都要走过养老院的过道，在每个门口停下来看一看，聊一聊。 英译汉省略译法（1）省略代词和冠词 To be continued

26 英译汉省略译法（1）省略代词和冠词 1) The sky was blue and the sun was shining.
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 二、省略冠词 英语里有冠词, 而汉语里则没有。因此，翻译时往往可以省略，尤其是当冠词固定地用在某些名词前或用来表示类别时。例如： 1) The sky was blue and the sun was shining. 天空是蓝色的，太阳正照耀着。 2) The war escalated, on the ground, in the air, and at sea. 战争在地面、空中以及海上（全面）升级。 英译汉省略译法（1）省略代词和冠词 To be continued

27 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
3) Water changes from a liquid to a solid when it freezes. 水结冰时由液体变成固体。 4) Even brushing or patting a dog is great physical therapy, and we all know the benefits of walking, which is something a dog needs too. 甚至给狗梳梳毛或者轻轻地拍拍它，都是很好的理疗，而且我们都知道散步的好处，这也是狗所需要的。 英译汉省略译法（1）省略代词和冠词

28 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
Translation Practice 1.Translate the following phrases or sentences into English. 2.Translate the following phrases or sentences into Chinese.

29 1. From Chinese into English.
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 1. From Chinese into English. 1) 供养一个大家庭 support a big family 2) 照料她的孩子和父母 care for her children and parents 3) 支付他孩子的教育费用 pay for his children’s education To be continued

30 after years of diligent research
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 4) 经过多年的辛勤研究之后 after years of diligent research 5) 他肩上的经济负担 the financial burden on his shoulders 6) 她有一颗金子般的心而且热爱 她周围的人。 She has a golden heart / a heart of gold and loves people around her. To be continued

31 7) 我父亲从来不给我弟弟和我买玩具和糖果，但是我知道他很爱我们。
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 7) 我父亲从来不给我弟弟和我买玩具和糖果，但是我知道他很爱我们。 My father has never bought any toys or candies for my younger brother and me, but I know he loves us. 8) 我父母尽最大努力满足我们的需要， 而且总是信守诺言。 My parents do their best to meet our needs and always keep their promises.

32 2. From English into Chinese.
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 2. From English into Chinese. He never feels tired, enjoys working very much and is also a man of few words. 他从来不感到疲劳，非常喜欢干活，而且说话不多。 2) I enjoyed her company and felt secure, especially when the weather was bad. 有她陪在身边我很高兴并感到安全，尤其是在天气不好的时候。 To be continued

33 are determined to study hard to repay him.
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 3) We appreciate what we have received from him and are determined to study hard to repay him. 从他那里得到的一切我们都非常感激，而且下决心要努力学习来报答他。 4) She often told me some enjoyable stories and from these I was able to know what I should do and what I shouldn’t . 她常常给我讲一些很有趣的故事，而且从这些故事中我能够知道自己该做什么，不该做什么。

34 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Writing
Directions: Write an article entitled “My Father ” or “My Mother ” in no less than 120 words. Sample 1 Sample 2

35 Your composition should include the following aspects:
Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Writing Your composition should include the following aspects: — description of the physical features (height, weight, etc.) of the father — characteristics of the father — what the student thinks of the father — something that had happened between the father and the student

36 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Writing
Sample 1 My father, forty-six years old, is a peasant. He is very hard-working, because he has a big family to support. Perhaps it is because he is tired, he is a man of few words, and almost no smile appears on his face. Father has never bought any toys or candies for my younger brother and me, but I know he loves us. He is strict with us. He once said, “You should study hard so that you can serve the people better in the future.” My family was poor but my father promised that he would pay for education of my brother and me even if he had to sell our house. We were deeply moved. We are determined to study hard to repay our father. I love and admire my father. Back to the Topic

37 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Writing
Sample 2 My mother, a middle-aged woman, has a kind of typical characteristic of oriental women. I will always be thankful for her love and I’ll love her forever. When I was a child, my mother took me to the kindergarten even when the weather was bad. When I was naughty and made mistakes, my mother never blamed me. Instead she often told me some enjoyable stories and from these I was able to know what I should do and what I shouldn’t do. When I went to school, my mother cared about not only my daily needs but also my studies. When I did poorly in school, she often encouraged me to try my best again. She said she had confidence in me and told me never to lose heart. I’ll remember her kindness and advice forever. Back to the Topic End of Part 4 Go to Part 5