概要写作 技巧一：选取重要层面.

Presentation on theme: "概要写作 技巧一：选取重要层面."— Presentation transcript:

1 概要写作 技巧一：选取重要层面

2 open education

3 There are some very good things about open education
There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to grow as people, and to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education. Some students do badly in a traditional classroom.  The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules.  is a way of teaching Open education allowing students to learn that they are interested in without many rules , thus the students will learn to be resposible for their own education, enjoy learning and be happier

4 But many students will not do well in an open classroom
But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about t he rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their schools. But many stydents can’t prove themselves good in open classrooms because they can’t adapt to numberous choices. Besides, some teacher do not have condidence in it.

5 You now know what open education is
You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, need some structure in their classes. They want and need to have rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to. The writer hold the view that it is theoretical but not so good in a real class and most students want some structures in their classes.

6 ① Open education is a way of teaching allowing students to learn that they are interested in without many rules, thus the students will learn to be resposible for their own education, enjoy learning and be happier. But many stydents can’t prove themselves good in open classrooms because they can’t adapt to numberous choices. Besides, some teacher do not have condidence in it. The writer hold the view that it is theoretical but not so good in a real class and most students want some structures in their classes. ② ③ ④ ⑤

7 swimming

8 mental advantages Swimming is an elegant sport. Floating in the cool water, man feels free, relaxed and happy. It seems as if all the worldly affairs were gone and he were in the wonderland of quietness and beauty. When it is burning hot in summer, you go to a swimming pool or seaside and jump into the clean cool water. You can enjoy lying gently on the water surface with every organ of your body totally relaxed. The beautiful blue heaven is high over your face, with white cotton-lid feathery clouds swirling flexibly. Now and then some birds skim over the water of sing a merry song, and then merge in the distant blue, the trees along the river or lake are waving their leaves and their murmuring makes you feel that you are closer to nature.

9 physical advantages When you are swimming, every bone and muscle is in the motion. You will feel your heart beating hard, about 2 to 3 times faster than usual, which is good for your health. Besides, our lungs are trained when you are almost breathless. Their capacity is gradually being enlarged red, providing you with much more oxygen in a single breath. Swimming __________________. benefits people a lot both mentally and physically _______________ you feel free, relaxed and happy, It not only makes _________ speeds your heart beating and promotes your bone and muscle in motion and increases lung capacity. but it also

10 Coherent writing

11 Coherent writing Person: the third person (he) Tense:
simple past tense Sentence: When he awoke it was morning, Plots: details

12 P1 Willie’s aunt sent him for a birthday present a little writing book
P1 Willie’s aunt sent him for a birthday present a little writing book. There was a place in the book for a pencil. Willie thought a great deal of this little book, and always kept it in his pocket. P6 The next morning the neighbors were gathered round, and all were trying to think what to do next, when Caper came bounding into the room. There was a string tied round his neck, and a bit of paper tied to it.  P7 Willie’s father, Mr. Lee, took the paper, and saw that it was a letter from Willie. He read it aloud. It said, “O father! Come to me. I am in the big hole in the grassland.” took the writing book out wrote a letter, Details for P2: tied it to a string round the neck of the dog asked the dog to send the masseage, …

13 P2 When he woke up it was morning, ____
P4 She waited an hour, and still they did not come. … So they went to all the trees under which Willie was in the habit of playing, but he was nowhere to be found. Details for p1: Too tired? P5 By this time the sun had gone down. The news that Willie was lost soon spread over the neighborhood, and all the men and women turned out to hunt. They hunted all night. asked for help? fell asleep P7 Willie’s father, Mr. Lee, took the paper, and saw that it was a letter from Willie. He read it aloud. It said, “O father! Come to me. I am in the big hole in the glassland.” fell into the hole Lost balance? P2 When he woke up it was morning, ____

14 Coherent writing Now I will tell you how Willie came to be in the shaft. He and Caper went to the glassland and came to the edge of the shaft and sat down. In bending over to see how deep it was, he lost his balance, and fell in. He tried very hard to get out, but could not. When the good little dog saw that his master was in the shaft, he would not leave, reaching down and trying to pull him out .But while Caper was pulling Willie by the coat sleeves, he fell in too. Willie called for help as loud as he could until dark. He was too tired and fell asleep.

15 Coherent writing When he awoke it was morning, he began to think of a way to get out. The little writing book that his aunt had given him was in his pocket. He took it out, and after a good deal of trouble, wrote the letter to his father. Then he tore the leaf out, and took a string out of his pocket, and tied it round Caper’s neck, and tied the letter to the string. Then he lifted the dog up, and helped him out, and said to him, “Go home, Caper, go home!” The little dog ran back home for help.

16 一、评分原则： 1. 本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分。 2. 词数少于 130 的，从总分中减去 2 分。
3. 评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑： （1）与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度； （2）内容的丰富性和对所标出关键词语的应用情况； （3）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性； （4）上下文的连贯性。 4. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 5. 如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。

17 与所给短文有一定的关系，与各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接。
第四档 （16-20） — 与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理。 — 内容比较丰富，应用了5个以上短文中标出的关键词语。 — 所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但不会影响意义表达。 — 比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。 第三档 （11-15） 与所给短文关系较为密切，与各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接。 — 写出了若干有关内容，应用了4个以上短文中标出的关键词语。 — 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求虽有一些错误但不影响表达。 — 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 第二档 （6-10） 与所给短文有一定的关系，与各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接。 写出了一些有关内容，应用了3个以上短文中标出的关键词语。语法结构单调，词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达 — 较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少内容连贯。 第一档 （1-5） — 与所提供短文和开头语的衔接较差。 — 产出内容太少，很少使用短文中标出的关键词语。 — 语法结构单调，词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达。 — 缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。