BOOK 5 UNIT 1 現在完成式.

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1 BOOK 5 UNIT 1 現在完成式

2 壹、現在完成式：動作已 發生 在過去,影響卻持續到現在 的時態 搭配副詞 :already(已經), just(剛剛)
基本句型：S have/ has p.p 用法一：從過去到現在已完成或未完成 的動作 搭配副詞 :already(已經), just(剛剛) yet(尚未)→否定句

3 I’ve just finished my lunch. 例題二:他已經做完功課了。 homework. 例題三: 他們還沒有打掃教室。
例題一:我剛剛才吃完午餐。 I’ve just finished my lunch. 例題二:他已經做完功課了。 He’s already finished his homework. 例題三: 他們還沒有打掃教室。 They haven’t cleaned the classroom yet.

4 用法二：從過去到現在曾有過 或未曾有過的經歷 搭配副詞:once(一次), twice (兩次), 數字+times, before,
never(從未→否定句) ever(曾經→疑問句)

5 three times. beautiful lady before. times. 例題一: 她讀過這本很棒的小說三次。
例題一: 她讀過這本很棒的小說三次。 She’s read the great novel three times. 例題二:我們之前沒見過這位美麗的女士。 We’ve never seen this beautiful lady before. 例題三:Lisa曾經去過巴黎好幾次。 Lisa has been to Paris several times.

6 Yes, she has.或No, she hasn’t.
常用疑問句型: Have/ Has + S + ever + p.p..? 例題四: 你曾讀過這本小說嗎? Have you ever read this novel? Yes, I have. 或 No, I haven’t. 例題五:Lisa曾經去過巴黎嗎? Has Lisa ever been to Paris? Yes, she has.或No, she hasn’t.

7 比較: 曾經去過 have/ has been to
例句:我們曾經去過台東。 We have been to Taitung. 已經去了 have/ has gone to *主詞不會是 I, we, 或you 例句: 他們已經去台東了。 They have gone to Taitung.

8 用法三：從過去到現在動作已持續 多少時間 搭配副詞：for+一段時間 since+ 1. 過去時間 2 . 過去式子句

9 fourteen years. our school since 1995. since we last met.
例題一: 我住土城已經十四年了。 I’ve lived in Tucheng for fourteen years. 例題二:Brown老師從1995年就在本校工作。 Mr. Brown has worked at our school since 1995. 例題三: 我從上次見面後就沒有他們的消息了。 I haven’t heard from them since we last met.

10 in Tucheng? worked at our school? 常用疑問句型:
How long + have/ has + S + p.p…? 例題一: 你住土城多久了? How long have you lived in Tucheng? 例題二:Brown老師在本校工作多久了? How long has Mr. Brown worked at our school?

11 句型: S + have/ has + been + Ving
貳、現在完成進行式: 　　 起始於過去，持續到現在，且強調 　　仍在繼續進行的時態。 句型: S + have/ has + been + Ving vin

12 boyfriend for two hours.
例題一: Jack已經等了你一個小時了。 Jack has been waiting for you for an hour. 例題二: 姐姐已經和男朋友講了兩個小時 的電話。 My sister has been talking on the phone with her boyfriend for two hours.

13 參、現在完式與過去式的比較: 過去式:很明確指出過去的時間,動作 開始也結束在過去。 現在完成式:由過去延續到現在,發生 在過去但會對現在造成 影響。

14 We cleaned the classroom yesterday.
比較例題一: (1)我們昨天打掃教室。 We cleaned the classroom yesterday. (2)教室很乾淨。我們已經打掃好了 The classroom is very clean. We’ve cleaned it.

15 He knows the ending of the movie.
比較例題二: (1)他上週末看過這部電影了。 He saw the movie last weekend. (2)他知道這部電影的結局。 他已經看過兩次了。 He knows the ending of the movie. He has seen the movie twice.

16 比較例題三: (1)我1990年第一次見到她。 I first saw her in 1990. (2)我1990年就和她一起工作。 I’ve worked with her since 1990.

17 was young. since she was young. 比較例題四: (1)John小時住在鄉下。
John lived in the country when he was young. (2)Mary從小就住在鄉下。 Mary has lived in the country since she was young.

18 years ago. six years ago. 比較例題五: (1)Vincent六年前到美國旅行
Vincet took a trip to the US six years ago. (2)Vicky從六年前就在美國念書了 Vicky has studied in the US since six years ago.

19 只能用在過去式的時間副詞: yesterday, last+ 時間, then, just now, 一段時間+ ago, when+過去式子句, what time…., in+時間, on+ 日子