Word formation In English, there are three kinds of word formations: a. Compound （合成） b. Conversion （转化） c. Derivation （派生） They make English more colorful

What is compound? + in Chinese

+ sun flower sunflower in English

What compound it is?

+ doorbell

+ football

+ colour- blind

+ earthquake

+ face-to-face +

Compound words are always made from two words, and sometimes more than two words~ Can you find the compound words in the reading passage and say out their meanings? Task 1:

Compound word with a hyphen( 连字符 ) Compound word put together Compound words separated free-fall, old-fashioned, steam-engine, world- famous everything, whichever, whatever, wherever, southeastern, indoor, outdoor, craftsmen, southeast, horseback roller coaster fairy tale

Various kinds of compounds Compound noun Compound adjective Compound adverb Compound verb Compound pronoun Compound preposition

Compound noun 变复数的问题 a. 可数名词 + 介词（短语）构成的，变复数 时把名词变复数即可，如： father-in-law 变为 b. 由名词 +man/ woman 构成的，变复数时 两个名词都要变复数，如： a woman teacher 变为 c. 由名词 + 名词构成的，变复数时只变中心 名词，修饰名词不变，如： a girlfriend 变为 fathers-in-law two women teachers girlfriends

What is conversion? Conversion means changing the part of speech （词性） of a word 朱碧石 罗志祥

主语 S. 宾语 O. 表语 P. 定语 Attractive 补足语 C. 状语 Adverbial 主语 S. Conversion n.—v. adj.—v. adv.—v. adj.—n. 特殊 变化 v.—n. Various kinds of conversion

Task2: Tanslation 1. 我有许多有趣的书。 2. 我用电话预订了房间。 book(n.) 书 book(v.) 预订 I have a lot of interesting books. I booked a room by phone.

What is derivation? happy unly Happy is waiting in a line( 排队 ) to buy delicious cakes. Everyone is well-behaved, they stand behind Happy, so she is waiting happily. Suddenly a person jumped the queue( 插队 ). He stood in front of Happy, which makes Happy unhapy. prefix suffix

注意： Prefix 一般改变词意，不改变词性 如否定前缀 Suffix 一般改变词性，不改变词意 如名词、形容词后缀

I. Find and underline the prefixes or suffixes in the words below. Then write out the original words.

unchangeable adj. _______ dislike v. _________ unsuccessfully adv. _________ unfriendly adj. __________ overwork v. ____________ misunderstanding n. ____________ athletic adj. ____________ misread v. ________ translator n. ____________ change like succeed friend work understand athlete read translate

II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Working with small children is a very _______ (stress) job. 2. It was very _______ (polite) of you to call him a liar. 3. I didn’t intend to hurt you. I did it ___________ (accident). 4. My new shoes are very nice, but unfortunately they are extremely _____________ (comfortable). stressful impolite accidentally uncomfortable

5. Be _______ (care). The weather is awful today. 6. When the first _______ (settle) moved into the area, they faced great hardships. 7. The man was tall, with a(n) _______ (athlete) build(n. 体格 ). 8. Speaking through a(n) _________ (translate), she described her life in Japan. careful settlers athletic translator

1.Exercise 4 on P37, and exercise 2 on P71. 2.Preview the reading part and underline the difficult sentences and important phrases.