 冠词的用法 冠词是虚词，放在名词之前， 用来说明名词指的人或事物。  冠词有两种 a (an) 不定冠词 ; the 定冠词 a 用在辅音之前， an 用在元 音之前。

 不定冠词的用法 (1) a 和 an 均用在单数名词之 前，表示某一类人或事物。 例如： John is a student. Mary is an English teacher.

(2) 指某一类人或事物中的任 何一个。例如 : A steel worker makes steel. Pass me an apple, please.

(3) 指某人或某物，但不具体 说明何人或和物。例如： A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside.

(4) 表示 “ 每一 ” 的意思，相当 于 every 。例如： Take the medicine three times a day. They go to see their parents once a week.

 定冠词用法 (1) 特指某（些）人或某 ( 些 ) 事物。例如： The book on the desk is an English dictionary. The book on the desk is an English dictionary. Beijing is the capital of China. Beijing is the capital of China.

(2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉 的人或事物。例如： Open the door, please. Open the door, please. Jack is in the library. Jack is in the library.  定冠词用法

(3) 上文提到过的人或事物。 例如： Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.  定冠词用法

(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事 物。例如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.  定冠词用法

(5) 用在序数词和形容词最高 级之前。例如： January is the first month of the year. Shanghai is the biggest city in China.  定冠词用法

(6) 用在某些形容词之前，表 示某一类人或事物。例如 : The nurse is kind to the sick. We should take good care of the old.  定冠词用法

(7) 用在某些专有名词之前和 某些习惯用语中。例如： the Great Wall the Summer palace the Summer palace in the morning in the open air  定冠词用法

(8) 用在姓氏复数之前，表示 “ 某某一家人 ” ， “ 某某夫 妇 ” 。例如： the Browns the Whites the Whites  定冠词用法

 不用冠词的情况 (1) 某些专有名词，抽象名词 和物质名词前一般不用冠 词。例如 : China Canada Japanese glass water love

(2) 名词前已有作定语用的 this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every 等代词时，不用 冠词。例如： That is my cap. I have some questions. Go down this street.  不用冠词的情况

(3) 复数名词表示一类人或事 物时，不用冠词。 They are workers. We are students.  不用冠词的情况

(4) 称呼语前不用冠词，表示头 衔和职务的名词前也不加冠 词。例如： I don’t feel well today, Mother. Bush was made president of the U.S.  不用冠词的情况

(5) 三餐饭的名称前，球类活 动，学科和节目名词前， 常不用冠词。例如： I have lunch at home. We have English and maths every day.  不用冠词的情况

(6) 在某些固定词组里，名词之前 常不用冠词。例如： by air at night by air at night at home go to bed go to schoolon foot from morning till night after class at work at home go to bed go to schoolon foot from morning till night after class at work  不用冠词的情况

【实例解析】

3. We often have sports after class, and I like to play ___ basketball. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 D

答案： D 。该题考查的是冠 词的用法。球类运动之前不 加冠词，因此应选 D 。

-What is ___ plane? -___ machine that can fly. -What is ___ plane? -___ machine that can fly. a A “A” 在这里表示是哪一类， 一般情况不必译出。

 ___ actor is __ man who acts in plays or films.  ___ steel worker makes steel. (=Steel workers make steel.) An a A

__ week has seven days. A I’ll finish my job in ___ hour or two. an 如果不定冠词 “A” 具有数词 “one” 的意义时，必须译出。

 -What is ___ taxi? -___ car with ___ driver who will take you some- where if you pay him. aAa  Joy goes to see his grandmother twice ___ week. a

4. This is ___ song I’ve told you about. Isn’t it ___ beautiful one? A. the; the B. a; a A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the the a

答案： C 。该题考查的是冠词 的用法。第一个空是特指，特 指我给你说过的那首歌，第二 个空是表示某一个类别。所以 应选 C 。

 单项填空 1. This morning I had ___ egg and a bottle of milk for my breakfast. A. an B. a C. the D./ A. an B. a C. the D./ an

2. -What’s the matter with you? -I caught ___ bad cold and had to stay in __ bed. -I caught ___ bad cold and had to stay in __ bed. A. a;/ B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the A. a;/ B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the a /

3 -Have you seen __ pen? I left it here this morning. -Is it ___ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a a a

4. _____ sun is shining brightly. A. A B. An C. The D. / A. A B. An C. The D. / 5. There is ___ “h” in the word hour. A. a B. the C. an D./ A. a B. the C. an D./ The an

6. Did you enjoy your stay in Xi’an? Yes. I had ___ wonder- ful time. Yes. I had ___ wonder- ful time. A. a B. an C. the D. / A. a B. an C. the D. / a

7. ___ sun is bigger than ___ earth. 7. ___ sun is bigger than ___ earth. A. A; the B. A; an C. The; an D. The; the A. A; the B. A; an C. The; an D. The; the The the

8. There is ____ apple and some pears on the table. A. the B./ C. a D. an A. the B./ C. a D. an 9. David has __ cat. It’s very nice. A. a B. an C. the D./ A. a B. an C. the D./an a

10. I’m reading __ novel. It is ___ interesting story. A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an A. a; an B. a; a C. the; the D. /; an a an

 用适当的冠词填空 1. __ rose is __ beautiful flower. 2.Mr. Smith always smokes ___ cigarette with ___ cup of coffee. A a a a

3.___ door of ____ room is broken. 4. I stay at ___ home last night and listened to ____radio. The the / a

5. ___ donkeys are ___ stupid animals. 6.___ bread is made from ____ flour, and ____ flour is made from ____wheat. / / / / / /

7.She is ____ good musician; she plays ____ piano beautifully. 8.Thousands of ____ visitors go to ____ Great Wall every ____ day. a the / /

9.When he was eighteen, he joined ____ army. 10. He sent me ____ letter and ____ postcard; ___ letter didn't arrive. 11. Li is not at ____ office; I think he's gone ____ home. the a a /

12. Is there ___ telephone here? 13. She is studying ____ English and __ French. 14. I bought ___ pen and some paper, but I left ___ pen in ____ shop. a / / a the

15. ____ machine is made of ___ steel and ____ copper. 16. ___ coal is 60 dollars __ ton at the moment. The / / / a

17. We went to Beijing and saw __ Palace Museum. 18. He goes back to ____ country to see his people once ___ year. 19. ___ Liu's are going to ___ cinema. the a The the

 句子改错： 下面各句画线部分中有一 处错误，请指出并改正。

1. May is a fifth month of the year. 2. The film has been on for half a hour. the an an

3. The boys and the girls often play the foot- ball in the afternoon. 4. It’s going to rain. Why not take a umbrella with you? an play

5. Li Mei often gives us some good information by the e-meil. 6. We’ve planted two hundreds trees in the centre of our city this year. by by hundred hundred

7. Five million of dollars is a lot of money. 8. There are thousand of children in the park now. thousands

9. By the end of the twenty century, the world population had passed six billion. twentieth

10. Over three fifth of the world’s books and newspapers are written in English. three fifths