形容词和副词的 比较级和最高 级 8a-Unit 6 yxxoy

1.The six students put their hands ______(close) in front of them. 2.Do sports erery day to keep______(health). 3.It snowed ______ (heavy) yesterday. 4.The rain will be ______(heavy) in some places. 5. It will be _____(sun) tomorrow. 6.Her pen was _______(break). closed healthy heavily heavy sunny broken Revision

形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名 词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。 它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。 副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词 的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语. 一、形容词和副词的概念

①形容词作定语一般放在被修饰 的 名词之前。 如 : a new book, two big trees 等。 二、形容词和副词的用法 ②形容词放在系动词 be 、 look 、 get 、 keep 、 turn 、 feel 、 become 、 seem 、 grow 、 smell 等之后。 如 :1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.They turn green.

③如果形容词修饰不定代词 something, anything, everything, nothing 等时，要放在不定代 词后面。 如 :something interesting nothing new ④副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副 词之前。 如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。 如 : 1.She works hard. （修饰动词） 2.I am very busy. （修饰形容词） 3.He runs too quickly. （修饰副词） 4.We play happily. （修饰动词）

⑤通常在形容词后加 -ly 变成副词。 slow → ______ real → ______ usual →______ careful→______ easy → ______ happy→ ______ heavy →______ angry→ ______ slowly usually easily heavily really carefully happily angrily

bigbigger ◇ Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解

big bigger biggest

fast ◇ Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解

fastfaster ◇ Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解

fast faster fastest ◇ Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解

三、形容词和副词的级 形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级 1. 原级：即形容词和副词的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly ① 程度副词 very,too,so,quite 等修饰形容词 和副词的原级。 如： very tall 、 too hot 、 so cold quite interesting run quickly

② as…as,( 与 … 一样） not as （ so)…as （与 … 不一样）中间用原级。 The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one. 表示 “ 较 ……” 或 “ 更 …… 一些 ” 。 2. 比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示 “ 较 ……” 或 “ 更 …… 一些 ” 。标志词： than ( 比） 单音节词通常是 -er 结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通 常在之前加 more. 如 :smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder more interesting, more quickly 3. 最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。 标志词： in+ 大范围, of all, of +the+ 具体的数字 表示 “ 最 ……” 的意思。 表示 “ 最 ……” 的意思。（两者以上用最高级）两者以上用最高级 单音节词通常是 -est 结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在 之前加 most. 在形容词的最高级前必须加 the; 副词之前可 以不加。如 ： smallest, tallest, newest, best most interesting, most difficultly

构 成 方 法原 级比 较 级比 较 级最 高 级最 高 级 单音节 词和少 数多音 节词 一般在词尾加 -er/ə/ 或 -est/ist/ coldcoldercoldest fastfasterfastest 以字母 e 结尾的形容词，加 -r 或 -st nicenicernicest largelargerlargest 重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母 时，应先双写辅音字母；再加 -es 或 -est bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest 以 “ 辅音字母 +y ” 结尾的双音节词， 先改 “ +y ” 结尾的双音节词，先改 “ y ” 为 “ i ”, 再加 -er 或 -est easyeasiereasiest earlyearlierearliest 多音节 词和部 分双音 节词 在词前加 more 或 most tiredmore tiredmost tired easilymore easilymost easily 单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：

不规则变化， 要多加注意哦！ good→ → bad → → many → → little → → well→ → badly→ → much→ → far→ → betterbest worseworst moremost lessleast betterbest farther farthest worseworst more most

important ______________ _________________ easy___________________ ___________________ wet___________________ ____________________ happy________________ ____________________ careful ________________ __________________ thin _________________ __________________ good________________ ____________________ hot __________________ ____________________ easily ________________ ____________________ many________________ ____________________ nice ________________ ____________________ big _________________ ____________________ heavy______________ ____________________ delicious____________ ____________________ much_______________ _____________________ 给出下列词的比较级和最高级 more important most important easier easiest wetter wettest happierhappiest more carefulmost careful thinnerthinnest betterbest hotterhottest more easilymost easily more most nicernicest bigger biggest heavier heaviest more delicious most delicious more most

More examples: 1.Mary is cleverer than her little sister. 2.The new building is higher than the old one. 3.His shirt is more expensive than mine. 4.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. 5.She is five years older than I am. 6.He is 2 centimeters taller than her. 7.This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one.

比较级的用法： …than… 1. 汤姆比杰克高. 2. 这只箱子要比那只箱子大. 3. 那些苹果比这些大. 4. 第一个问题很容易, 但第二个更容易. Tom is taller than Jack. This box is bigger than that one. Those apples are bigger than these ones. The first question is very easy, but the second one is easier.

(2) 数量的比较 1. 我的笔比你的多. 2. 我喝的茶比他多. 3. 他吃的饭比我少. 4. 一班的学生比二班多. I have more pens than you (do). I drink more tea than he (does). He has less rice than I (do). There are more students in Class 1 than in Class 2.

More examples: 1.He is the youngest of all the children. 2.This book is the most interesting of all books. 3.America is the most developed country in the world. 4.The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 5.He is one of the greatest scientists in China. 6.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 7.Lucy is one of the tallest girls in her class. 8.Give my best wishes to you. 9.He is my best friend.

形容词最高级的用法 (…in…; …of…) 那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的. 今天是一年中最热的一天. 他的房间是三个中最干净的一个. 上海是中国最大的城市. The girl with red hair is the tallest in our class. Today is the hottest day of the year. His room is the cleanest of the three. Shanghai is the largest in China.

1.The new building is higher than the old one. Those apples are bigger than these ones. 2.His shirt is more expensive than mine. 如果主语是物主代词 + 名词，那么后面要用 名词性物主代词。 比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比， 物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称， 特别注意在 than 或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现 的替代词 that ， those, one,ones.

3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. She is five years older than I am. I drink more tea than he (does). than 前后句子的时态相同。通常用 be 动词 情态动词 can, may, must, could, should 和助动 词 do, does,did, will ， have 等来简答。 4.I have more pens than you (do). many,much,little,few 等词必须带名词。

5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. one of+ the+ 最高级 + 复数名词 Which/Who…+ 比较级， A or B? Which/Who…+ 最高级， A ， B or C? 6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim, Mike or Tom Which language is ____, English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult C

7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family. 在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括 在比较的范围内。 8.This is the third largest city in China. 当表示 “ 第二，第三 ” 等意思时，经常在最高 级的前面加 second, third, 等词。 9.It’s our largest machine in our factory. 当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加 定冠词 the.

双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级 和最高级的特殊情况： 1 、一般是在原级前加 more 构成比较级，在原级前加 most 构 成最高级。 beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful interesting – more interesting – most interesting dangerous – more dangerous – most dangerous 2 、某些单音节形容词，加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级。 glad – more glad – most glad pleased – more pleased – most pleased tired – more tired – most tired often-more often- most often

3 、 表示在两者之间相差的程度用 “ 具体数字 + 比较级 + than+ 比较对象 ” 。 eg: The road is two metres longer than that one. 这条公路比那条公路长两米。 This pencil is four inches shorter than that one. 这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。 4 、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加 er 或 est 构 成比较级和最高级，也可以加 more 和 most 构成比较 级和最高级。 friendly huge calm free true clever

5 、形容词原级的比较。 形容词的原级与 as……as 连用表示肯定意思，是 “ 和 …… 一样 ” 的意思；与 not as/ so ……as 连用表示否定意 义，是 “ 不如 ” 或 “ 不一样 ” 的含义。 She is as pretty as her mother. The book is as new as that one. The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one. My bike is not as / so good as yours. 6 、形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用 even( 更加 ) ， much(…… 得多 ) ， far(…… 得多 ) ， a little(…… 一点 ) ， a bit( 一点 ) ， a lot( 大量 ) ， still( 还，还要 ) 等词语表示不定程 度或数量。 eg: I am even less lucky. She is far better than me at writing. This pen is much better than that one. Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.

7. 形容词的比较级 + and + 形容词的比较 级 （前后形容词是同一个） 越来越 …… She is becoming thinner and thinner. Our country is becoming richer and richer. There are more and more students in our school. Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.

8 、 the + 形容词的比较级 + …… + the + 形容词的比较级 表示 “ 越 …… ，就越 ……” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. The harder you study, the more you will get. The smaller the house is, the less it will cost. The sooner, the better. 9 、 the + 形容词比较级 + of 短语 两者中比较 …… 的一个 She is the prettier of the two girls. The bike is the older of the two. His is the taller of the two. This one is the more beautiful of the the two picture. 10. 表示 “…… 是 …… 的几倍 ” ，用 “ 倍数 +as+ 原级 +as” 结构， 或者 “ 倍数 + 比较级 +than” 结构。 eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one. This classroom is twice bigger than that one.

Make Comparisons 1.Write down the comparatives and the superlatives of these words bignicelongnewcheap younglatesafethirsty heavy easyhardhighfewold thinexpensiveinteresting carefullyquicklygoodbad littlefarmany/much

Follow ups ( 随堂练习 ) 1 、 ---Mr Zhou, all of the students in our group, who lives ____? ---I think Li Lei does. A. fat B. father C. farthest D. farest 2 、 The Changjiang River is ____ than any other river in China. A. shorter B. longer C. shortest D. longest 3 、 Bob never dose his homework ____ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 4 、 ____ she is, ____ she feels. A. The more busy, the more happy B. The busy, the happy C. Busier, happier D.The busier, the happier 5 、 The weather is getting w____ a__ w____.( 越来越糟糕 ) C B B D orst nd orst

。 1.Which do you like ______(well),apples or oranges? 2.Who is ______(old),Jim or Tom ? 3.Jack is running _____ and ______(fast). 4.Our country is becoming ______and ___________ (beautiful). 5.He is ________(tall) of the the two boys. better older faster more more beatiful the taller

4.Find out the mistakes in the sentences below. 1.All of us felt happily at her birthday party. 2.I am more older than Harry. 3. Her coat is newer than you. 4. The weather in Beijing is colder than in Xiamen. 5. Sue is one of the tall girls in her class. happy much yours. that ∧ tallest ￣￣