Non-finite form and vocabulary

Non-finite form 1. The children went there to watch the iron tower___. A being erected B to erect C be erected D erecting 答案是A， 动词watch带宾语补足语，宾语补足语 是现在分词的被动形式，表示正在被修建。  

2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper___ it closely. A followed B to follow C being followed D following 答案是D，考查 分词的独立主格结构，当分词的逻 辑主语和句子主语不一致时，可以使用独立主格 结构。该句的主语是silver，而分词following的逻 辑主语是copper。  

3 .If the building project___ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined. A being completed B is completed C to be completed D completed 答案是C ，考查动词不定式做定语。动词不定式通 常表示所修饰名词的内容或即将发生的动作。该 句中，动词complete 的对象是the building project， 那么做定语的不定式就要用被动形式。  

4. Confronted with the absolute proof, he admitted ___ an old woman of seventy who was crossing the street. A to run over and injure B to have fun over and injured C running over and injuring D having run over and injured 答案是D， 考察动名词和并列结构的用法。该句中动名 词做admit的宾语。由于动名词表示的动作先于谓语 动词所表示的动作发生，动名词用完成式。

5 .The pressure ___ causes American to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain. A to compete B competing C to be competed D having competed 答案是A，考查 动词不定式做定语。动词compete 是不及物动词，要与介词with或against连用，不 能用于被动中。

6 .The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel _____. A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying 答案是C，考查动词不定式与其所修饰的词之间往 往有动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其 后应有必要的介词，故选C  

7 ____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. A. Giving B. To give C. Given D. Being given 答案是C， given enough time and money过去分词 作状语，相当于if, unless引导的从句

8. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always _____with other elements, most commonly with oxygen. A.being combined B. having combined C. to combined D. combined 答案是A， owing to 的to 为介词，后应接动名词， 根据题意，后应接被动语态形式

9. If the task ___by the end of this year is delayed, the company will be under punishment. A. being completed B. is completed C. to be completed D. completed 答案是C ，本句中complete与the task 是逻辑上的 动宾关系，因此用被动语态，由于这是计划中的 事，因此用不定式  

10. The novel ____, he went to America with his family to have a trip 10 .The novel ____, he went to America with his family to have a trip. A.finished B. being finished C. having finished D. having been finished 答案是D ，the novel 和finish 为被动关系且该独立 主格中动词所表示的动作发生在主句动作发生前， 故独立主格结构中动词使用完成时。

11 .It is not uncommon for there___ problems of communication between the old and the young. A being B would be C be D to be 答案是D ， 考查动词不定式用逻辑主语的用法。 动词不定式的逻辑主语用for引出，it是形式主语， 真正的主语是动词不定式。……..there to be problems of communication between the old and the young，在这个结构中，逻辑主语是there be 结构中的there

12 .There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read recently ___ what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic. A .giving B having given C. to give D.to have given 答案：A 现在分词giving与被修饰词remark之间 具有主动意义，所以选择A  

13. Darkness___ in, the young couple lingered on merrymaking. A set B to set C setting D having set 答案：C 此句属于分词的独立主格结构，分词的 逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则分词短语要有 自己的逻辑主语，称为分词独立主格结构。而且 darkness与set之间是主动关系。

14. Helen borrowed my dictionary the other day ___ that she would return it soon. A saying B to say C have said D having said 答案：A这句是分词做状语，表示伴随、方式，置 于句尾，用分词的一般式

15 .The Minister of Finance is believed ____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004) A. that he is thinking B.to be thinking C.that he is to think D.to think   答案：B 这是主语从句的语法 it is +done(一般是 said)+that 从句 ,可以简化为：sb is done to do sth

16. If not ____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004)。 A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated   答案：B 从句的省略。当条件状语从句的主语与主 句主语一致，并且从句谓语含有be时，可以将从 句主语和be一并省略。

17. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field 17 .He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder ____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995) A.throwing B. being thrown C. having thrown D. having been thrown  答案：B 该题测试了两方面的内容，一是考查了see后 接ing分词表示动作的正在进行，二是考查了被动语 态的用法。根据句子的意思以及第二句后半句three men climbing down的提示，可以很快判断出应选择 ing分词形式，C项和D项显然是错误的，A和B的 区别在于一个是主动态，一个是被动态，see的宾语a rope ladder不可能自己扔出来，必须用被动形式，所 以B是正确答案。

18. AIDS is said____ the number-killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002) A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been 答案：C 固定搭配及时态用法。Be said to 表示 “据说，听说”，后跟不定式现在时态指现在或 将要发生的事；后跟不定式完成时态指已经发生 的事，本句状语为over the past few years，是已 经发生的事，故选C。

19. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggest cereal crop. (2003) A. is B. been C. be D. being 答案：D 独立主格结构。逗号不能连接两个完整 的句子，因而逗号后所连接部分只能是非谓语形 式，加上它有自己的主语，则构成独立主格结构， 作句子的状语成分表示伴随状态。A和C是谓语动 词，不可选，B项为过去分词，只见于独立主格 结构的被动形式，不合题意。注意，此处being也 可省略，“主语+名词”也是独立主格的形式之 一。

20. ___at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate. A Looking B Looked C Being looked D To look 答案是B， 考查分词作状语的用法。分词作状语 时，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致。该题目中， 句子主语the situation是动词look 的承受者而不 是执行者，因此选B

21. The problem ________ pollution requires the immediate attention by government leaders as well as scientists and environments. A. resulting from B. resulted from C. resulting by D. resulted in 答案是A ，result in 表示“导致…….”;result from 表示“由…….导致”；这里用过去分词作后置定 语修饰problem，两个短语的正确形式分别为： resulted in by 和resulting from，A为答案。

22. What a lovely party. It’s worth___ all my life. A. remembering B 22. What a lovely party! It’s worth___ all my life. A. remembering B . to remember C . to be remembered D. being remember 答案是 A， be worth doing sth. 主动形式表示被动 意义，所以选择A不选D

23.In the course of a day, students do far more than just ______classes. A attend B to attend C attended D attending 选A， than 引导状语从句，从句结构应和主句结 构相同,do more than 后常接不带to 的不定式。

24. The doctor recommends me ____on a strict diet. A. to go B. going C. I should go D. go .答案是A，recommend 可跟两种动词非限定形式， 其结构分别为recommend sb. to do sth. 和 recommend doing sth. 具有类似用法的还有allow, permit, forbid, advise, encourage等动词。

25. The project, _____by the end of 200S，will expand the city‘s telephone network to cover 1， 000，000 users. A. accomplished B. being accomplished C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished 答案是C. to do 可表示将来；by the end of 200S,& will, 表明为将来时。

26. _______, liquids can be changed into gases. A. Heating 　 B. To be heated　 C. Heated　 D. Heat 答案C. 本题要选分词作为状语。现在分词表主动 ，正在进行的；过去分词表被动的，已经完成的 。对于液体来说是加热的受动者，是被动的，因 而选C。它相当于一个状语从句 When it is heated ，…

27. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it___, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war. A. was turned out B. was being turned out C. being turned out D. turned out 答案是D，it turned out 是插入语，证明是

28 .When I asked him to pay me what he owed, he went purple with___ A rage B anger C indignation D resentment 答案是A ，become purple with rage是个习惯用 语，意思是面孔气的发紫。

29. The ___from the fire made the room warm and cozy. A flicker B glow C flash D glint 答案是B ，火炉里发出的光使得整个屋子温暖而 舒适。glow微弱而稳定的光； flicker忽隐忽现的 光，the flicker of a candle摇曳的烛光；flash （突然划过的）闪光a flash of lightning；glint （在明亮物体上发出的）闪光，微光the glint of the sun on the water太阳在水面上的闪光

30. ___energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake. A Accumulated B Gathered C Assembled D Collected 答案是A， accumulate 逐渐积累（成堆），（数量） 逐渐增加，如 By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.她投资精明，积累了一笔 财富。gather意思是聚合，聚集，如A crowd soon gathered.很快聚集了一群人。Assemble意 思是为共同目的聚集，组装，如All the students were asked to assemble in the main hall. Collect 意思是收集collect money募捐

31. They offered me a loan on very ___terms. A favorable B favorite C favored D favor 答案是A， favorable给人好印象的，优惠的，赞 同的favorable comments好评。这句话是他们提 出以十分优惠的条件贷款给我。

32. I wish the man behind me wouldn’t have ___ their newspapers while the play was going on. A cracked B giggled C screeched D rustled 答案是D， 我真希望在演出时我背后的那个人没 有把报纸弄得沙沙响。crack 爆裂, 发出爆裂声， 砸I cracked my head on/against the door. Giggle 哈哈的笑；screech发出尖锐的声音Monkeys were screeching in the trees.；rustle发出沙沙的 声音

33. The newspaper did not mention the ___of the damage caused by the fire. A range B level C extent D quantity 答案是C， range意思是幅度，范围，常强调变化 的差异性和职权等的范围，如The hotel offers a wide range of facilities and services.酒店提供一 系列设施和服务。level表示水平，程度，强调在 序列中的位置a high level of achievement。 Extent表示程度，强调广度，长度，大小，如I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge。 quantity 表示质量，品质。

34. There are some ___flowers on the table. A artificial B unnatural C false D unreal 答案是A， artificial表示人造的an artificial limb 假肢 / flower / fertilizer；unnatural意思是不自 然的，奇怪的，反常的，强调与平时不一样It seems unnatural for a child to spend so much time alone. False意思是假的，与true相反，false teeth假牙，a false passport假护照；unreal不真 实的，虚幻的，Many people have unreal expectations of what marriage will be like.许多人 对婚姻抱有不切实际的憧憬。

35. A crash of the kitchen door caused a___ in the window sill窗台. A reverberation B association C remembrance D deliberation 答案是A， reverberation 意思是反响，回响 Synonym: echo，The reverberations of the drum were still vibrating in the air. Association，协会； remembrance回想，记忆；deliberation，熟思， 从容After much deliberation…..

36. When I took my shirt out of the suitcase, I found it badly ___. A crashed B crushed C pressed D brushed 答案是B， crash坠毁；crush压碎，使变形；press 用力往下压，press clothes熨衣服；brush用刷子 刷  

37 .He told his mother that he had been ____at school by students. A detained B abstained C sustained D retained 答案是A ， A为留住，耽搁；B为禁绝，放弃He took a vow to abstain from alcohol；C为支撑， 维持；D为保持，保留，一般不用于被动

37 . The naughty boy sat restlessly on the chair with his two legs ____. A swerving B swaying C swinging D skidding 答案是C， A为（车辆）突然转弯；B为（缓慢的） 来回摇晃The trees were swaying in the wind. ；C为固定在一个支点上来回摇晃；D（车辆）打 滑

38. She is so ___ that she cried for days when her pet rabbit died. A sensible B sensational C sentimental D senseless 答案是C， A为明智的，有判断力的a sensible answer；B为耸人听闻的，轰动的a sensational discovery；C为多愁善感的；D为不省人事的，无 知觉的the senseless killing of innocent people

39. His career was not noticeably ______ by the fact that he had never been to college. A. prevented B. prohibited C. hindered D. refrained 答案：C prevent 防止；预防；影响；prohibit 禁 止；hinder 阻碍A former injury was hindering him from playing his best.；refrain 制止；克制 Please refrain from smoking.

40. His ___brain has worked away on the idea of a universal cure. A rich B quick C productive D fertile 答案是D rich是富有的，肥沃的；quick表示迅 速的，敏捷的；productive表示多产的，生产性 的；fertile表示肥沃的，点子多的

41 .The farmers are ___seeds over the field. A staggering B dispersing C scattering D spreading 答案是C ， stagger 意思是动摇，stagger her solution；disperse意思是使疏散，“The police dispersed the crowd.”； scatter 意思是播种，散 播，scatter seeds； spread意思是传播，散布， spread tea on the table

42. In ___of expert help, we have to rely on our own efforts. A default B fault C defense D defiance 答案是A， default缺乏，缺席 in default of由于 缺乏，fault，过错；defense，防卫；defiance， 挑战

Thank you ！