新托福阅读 --第一季…… （如果你希望有第2季，请点赞...哈哈） ——维C上校(特种部队)—新浪微博 维C上校微信： vcalive1203 新托福阅读 --第一季…… （如果你希望有第2季，请点赞...哈哈） ——维C上校(特种部队)—新浪微博

Tonight--just sharing… 今晚所说的一切只是--分享…. 生命里，我羡慕那种用心做任何事情的人---做学生的时候，用心备考；工作后，用心备课，用心上课，用心整理资料，用心去喜欢一个人，用心追求自己喜欢的生活… 我羡慕这样的人，我要做一个自己内心羡慕的人… --维C上校

about me... 维C上校 GRE(美国研究生入学考试)、SAT(美国高考)、托福等出国考试老师 。全国高校巡回讲座主讲人，截止2013.12.有道词典首页新GRE学堂几乎所有文章撰写人 编有《那些一生一世的单词》、《新GRE阅读理解与解析》、《新GRE verbal 160+必备词汇》、《新GRE填空词汇》《新托福110+必备词汇》等。 正在编写的：《新GRE verbal160+ 阅读必备词汇》 17.03.2017

第1季--托福讲座大纲 1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 3，文章内部的词汇替换关系 第2季的预告.... 4，EXCEPT题目的特点 5，常考的逻辑关系 6，什么叫for example？ 7，何为英文阅读理解？ . 如果想听第2季的，请到尚友论坛上校的讲座报名处，点赞^^ 相信我，托福满分没啥了不起的，总有些人不仅做对题目，而且比你快的多... 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 词汇书的例子： 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 真题例子： 2. The word “incredible” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○Confusing ○Comforting ○Unbelievable ○Interesting 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 例子： 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 例子： 1. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○Changed ○Debated ○Created ○Supported 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 例子： 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 2. The word “attributes” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○Ascribes ○Leaves ○Limits ○Contrasts 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 例子： 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 例子： 6. The word “autonomous” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○Artistic ○Important ○Independent ○Established 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 例子： 17.03.2017

1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 全球第一本直接给你答案的托福词汇书：《新托福110+必备词汇》 例子： 10．The word “penchant” in the passage is closest in meaning to ○Compromise ○Inclination ○Tradition ○Respect 17.03.2017

思考一下： 学英文，或者考托福， 你们每天背一个单词的中文意思的词汇书干嘛？ 你们是学翻译的吗？ 还红宝书...我只能说两个字... 17.03.2017

. 呵呵... 17.03.2017

hehe... . 17.03.2017

hehe... . 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 1. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about the ground that we walk on? ＡIt cannot hold rainwater for long periods of time. ＢIt prevents most groundwater from circulating. ＣIt has the capacity to store large amounts of water. ＤIt absorbs most of the water it contains from rivers. Groundwater is the word used to describe water that saturates the ground, filling all the available spaces. By far the most abundant type of groundwater is meteoric water; this is the groundwater that circulates as part of the water cycle. Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams. There it remains, sometimes for long periods, before emerging at the surface again. At first thought it seems incredible that there can be enough space in the “solid” ground underfoot to hold all this water. 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 1. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about the ground that we walk on? ＡIt cannot hold rainwater for long periods of time. ＢIt prevents most groundwater from circulating. ＣIt has the capacity to store large amounts of water. ＤIt absorbs most of the water it contains from rivers. Groundwater is the word used to describe water that saturates the ground, filling all the available spaces. By far the most abundant type of groundwater is meteoric water; this is the groundwater that circulates as part of the water cycle. Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams. There it remains, sometimes for long periods, before emerging at the surface again. At first thought it seems incredible that there can be enough space in the “solid” ground underfoot to hold all this water. 思考：可否得出这么一个推测，那就是 　　　题目是对原文的某部分同义替换？ 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 5. The phrase “glacial outwash” in the passage refers to ＡFast rivers ＢGlaciers ＣThe huge volumes of water created by glacial melting ＤThe particles carried in water from melting glaciers. The necessary space is there, however, in many forms. The commonest spaces are those among the particles—sand grains and tiny pebbles—of loose, unconsolidated sand and gravel. Beds of this material, out of sight beneath the soil, are common. They are found wherever fast rivers carrying loads of coarse sediment once flowed. For example, as the great ice sheets that covered North America during the last ice age steadily melted away, huge volumes of water flowed from them. The water was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand, known as glacial outwash, that was deposited as the flow slowed down. 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 但归根结底为：同义替换？ 5. The phrase “glacial outwash” in the passage refers to ＡFast rivers ＢGlaciers ＣThe huge volumes of water created by glacial melting ＤThe particles carried in water from melting glaciers. The necessary space is there, however, in many forms. The commonest spaces are those among the particles—sand grains and tiny pebbles—of loose, unconsolidated sand and gravel. Beds of this material, out of sight beneath the soil, are common. They are found wherever fast rivers carrying loads of coarse sediment once flowed. For example, as the great ice sheets that covered North America during the last ice age steadily melted away, huge volumes of water flowed from them. The water was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand, known as glacial outwash, that was deposited as the flow slowed down. 思考：是否可以这么假设，正确的选项和原文一般都是替换，比如上下文替换，比如近义替换，比如词性替换。 但归根结底为：同义替换？ 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 10. According to paragraphs 6 and 7, why is basalt unlike most crystalline forms of rock? ＡIt is unusually solid ＢIt often has high porosity. ＣIt has a low proportion of empty space. Ｃt is highly permeable. Thus a proportion of the total volume of any sediment, loose or cemented, consists of empty space. Most crystalline rocks are much more solid; a common exception is basalt, a form of solidified volcanic lava, which is sometimes full of tiny bubbles that make it very porous. 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 10. According to paragraphs 6 and 7, why is basalt unlike most crystalline forms of rock? ＡIt is unusually solid ＢIt often has high porosity. ＣIt has a low proportion of empty space. Ｃt is highly permeable. Thus a proportion of the total volume of any sediment, loose or cemented, consists of empty space. Most crystalline rocks are much more solid; a common exception is basalt, a form of solidified volcanic lava, which is sometimes full of tiny bubbles that make it very porous. 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 3. According to paragraph 1, theories of the origins of theater A Are mainly hypothetical B Are well supported by factual evidence C Have rarely been agreed upon by anthropologists D Were expressed in the early stages of theater’s development In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory, championed by anthropologists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, envisions theater as emerging out of myth and ritual. The process perceived by these anthropologists may be summarized briefly. During the early stages of its development, a society becomes aware of forces that appear to influence or control its food supply and well-being. Having little understanding of natural causes, it attributes both desirable and undesirable occurrences to supernatural or magical forces, and it searches for means to win the favor of these forces. Perceiving an apparent connection between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals. 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 mainly=primarily 3. According to paragraph 1, theories of the origins of theater A Are mainly hypothetical B Are well supported by factual evidence C Have rarely been agreed upon by anthropologists D Were expressed in the early stages of theater’s development mainly=primarily In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory, championed by anthropologists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, envisions theater as emerging out of myth and ritual. The process perceived by these anthropologists may be summarized briefly. During the early stages of its development, a society becomes aware of forces that appear to influence or control its food supply and well-being. Having little understanding of natural causes, it attributes both desirable and undesirable occurrences to supernatural or magical forces, and it searches for means to win the favor of these forces. Perceiving an apparent connection between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals. 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 . 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 5. The word “this” in the passage refers to ○The acting out of rites ○The divorce of ritual performers from the rest of society ○The separation of myths from rites ○The celebration of supernatural forces But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the group’s oral tradition and may even come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites. When this occurs, the first step has been taken toward theater as an autonomous activity, and thereafter entertainment and aesthetic values may gradually replace the former mystical and socially efficacious concerns. 17.03.2017

2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 5. The word “this” in the passage refers to ○The acting out of rites ○The divorce of ritual performers from the rest of society ○The separation of myths from rites ○The celebration of supernatural forces But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the group’s oral tradition and may even come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites. When this occurs, the first step has been taken toward theater as an autonomous activity, and thereafter entertainment and aesthetic values may gradually replace the former mystical and socially efficacious concerns. 17.03.2017

3，文章内部的词汇替换关系 GROUNDWATER Groundwater is the word used to describe water that saturates the ground, filling all the available spaces. By far the most abundant type of groundwater is meteoric water; this is the groundwater that circulates as part of the water cycle. Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams. There it remains, sometimes for long periods, before emerging at the surface again. At first thought it seems incredible that there can be enough space in the “solid” ground underfoot to hold all this water. The necessary space is there, however, in many forms. The commonest spaces are those among the particles—sand grains and tiny pebbles—of loose, unconsolidated sand and gravel. Beds of this material, out of sight beneath the soil, are common. They are found wherever fast rivers carrying loads of coarse sediment once flowed. For example, as the great ice sheets that covered North America during the last ice age steadily melted away, huge volumes of water flowed from them. The water was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand, known as glacial outwash, that was deposited as the flow slowed down. 17.03.2017

3，文章内部的词汇替换关系 THE ORIGINS OF THEATER 第1段： In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory, championed by anthropologists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, envisions theater as emerging out of myth and ritual. .. 第3段： Although origin in ritual has long been the most popular, it is by no means the only theory about how the theater came into being. Storytelling has been proposed as one alternative. 第4段： A closely related theory sees theater as evolving out of dances that are primarily pantomimic, rhythmical or gymnastic, or from imitations of animal noises and sounds ...为 何你们一直在翻译？ 而不是理解？！！！ 17.03.2017

请思考： 为何 你还一直以为背下一个单词 就是记得它的中文意思？？？？！！ 什么是理解？ 下一季见....如果有下一季的话..... ？？ 17.03.2017

第1季--托福讲座大纲 1，备考托福应该用什么词汇书&词汇题的秒杀 2，正确选项和原文的同义替换关系 3，文章内部的词汇替换关系 第2季的预告.... 4，EXCEPT题目的特点 5，常考的逻辑关系 6，什么叫for example？ 7，何为英文阅读理解？ . 如果想听第2季的，请到尚友论坛上校的讲座报名处，点赞^^ 上校微信：vcalive1203 相信我，托福满分没啥了不起的，总有些人不仅做对题目，而且比你快的多... 17.03.2017