Warming up and reading

World Englishes American English British English Australian English Canadian English New Zealand English Singapore English Indian English African English

Do you know the American way of saying the following words lift elevator flat apartment rubbereraser mummom petrolgas toilet bathroom autumnfall filmmovie pen-friendpen-pal footballsoccer sweet candy chemist’s drugstore rubbishtrash trouserspants holidayvacation the first floorground floor the second floor first floor underground subway lorrytruck

Do you know how Americans spell the following words theater,centertheatre, centre color,honor,laborcolour,honour,labour traveler traveller fulfillfulfil programprogramme tiretyre realize,apologize realise, apologise smelled, spelledsmelt,spelt

New words culture 文化 、文明 actually 实际上，事实上 present 现在的、出席的 rule 统治 vocabulary 词汇、词汇量

usage identity government Rapidly Singapore Malaysia 使用、用法 身份 政府 新加坡 马来西亚 迅速地

1.How many people speak English in the world today? 2.Why do so many people speak English? 3.Why are there so many kinds of English? Pre-reading

The Road to Modern English

Guess according to the title. The road to modern English The road Modern English the development of English language What kind of English before Modern English? ?

The development of English Part1: Part4: Part2: Part3: Match the main ideas of the paragraphs Part5: English spoken in some other countries An example of different kinds of English Brief introduction of the change in English

1.English has/had the most speakers___. A. now B. when the British ruled many parts of the world C. in the time of Shakespeare D. in the 12 th century Skimming / Fast Reading

2.Which of the following statement is true? A. Languages always stay the same B. Languages change only after wars C. Languages no longer change D. Languages change when cultures change

3. From AD 450 to 1150, English sounded more like_____? A. French B. Chinese C. German D. Russian

4. Shakespeare’s English was spoken around ______? A. 1400’s B. 1150’s C. 450’s D. 1600’s

5. Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world? A. Australia B. China C. India D. Britain

Scanning: Read the passage carefully to decide whether the statements are true or false and explain Why. 1.English had the most speakers in the 17th century. 2. English developed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain. 3. Languages frequently change. 4. The language of the government is always the language of the country. 5. English is one of the official language in India. 6. This reading describes the development of the English language. F F F T T T

Read para and fill in the blanks to make a timeline of the development of English. Careful Reading

The road to modern English AD English was based more on _________than the English we speak at present. AD English became _________ like German because the people who ________ England spoke first Danish and later French. By the 1600s______________made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620Some British settlers moved to ___________. In the 18th century Some British people were taken to _________ English was spoken in India as well as in Africa and Asia. It became the language for _______________ and education in India. By the 19th century The English language was settled. Two big changes: Samuel Johnson wrote his __________. _____________wrote The American Dictionary of the English language and gave a separate identity to ____________ English spelling. Now German less ruled Shakespeare America Australia government dictionary Noah Webster American English is spoken in many countries, such as ________. China

Post-reading AD … was different from … … was based more on … than … AD … became less German … those ruled … spoke … and … enrich By the 1600s Shakespeare … make use of … In 1620 British settlers … moved to … In the 18th century … were taken to … … has … fluent English speakers because … By the 19th century the language was settled. two changes Now English is spoken in … number of learners in China Retell the development of English according to the timeline, the following information may help you.

Post- reading: The main idea of each paragraph. Brief introduction of the change in English. An example of different kinds of English. The development of English. English spoken in some other countries. Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4

What does the title ---The road to modern English means ? Pre-reading The title means : The development of English

1.English has/had the most speakers___. A. now B. when the British ruled many parts of the world C. in the time of Shakespeare D. in the 12 th century Skimming

2.Which of the following statement is true? A. Languages always stay the same B. Languages change only after wars C. Languages no longer change D. Languages change when cultures change

3. From AD 450 to 1150, English sounded more like_____? A. French B. Chinese C. German D. Russian

4. Shakespeare’s English was spoken around ______? A. 1400’s B. 1150’s C. 450’s D. 1600’s

5. Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world? A. Australia B. China C. India D. Britain

Scanning The cause Time Between AD 450 and to 1500 The road to modern English cultures communicate with one another things that happened less like German; more like French based on German

In the 1600’s Later Shakespeare broadened the vocabulary. A big changed in English British people brought English to Australia

The main idea of each paragraph. Brief introduction of the change in English. An example of different kinds of English. The development of English. English spoken in some other countries. Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4

Some people say that Chinese is a much more elegant language, so it is more important for us to master it and it is not so necessary to master foreign language. Do you agree with this opinion and why? Discussion

Homework 1.Review the vocabulary from voyage to request on Page 93 2.Copy the words in bold. 3.Recite Paragraph 5.

Homework 1.Review the vocabulary in unit 2 on Page 93 2.Recite Paragraph 5.

1.Copy the words. 2.Find as many examples as you can that shows the difference between American English and British English. Homework

1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English in the world? 你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？ more than one + 名词单数, 后面的谓 语动词用单数。 More than one student wants to go to swim. Explanation

more than 还可以与名词、形容词、副词、 动词、动名词连用，意为 “ 不只是，非常 ” Both of them are much more than schoolmates. They are close friends. 他们俩远不只是同学, 他们是知心朋友。 more than 的反义短语是 less than, 意为 “ 少于 ”

We advertised for pupils last autumn, and got___ 60. (98. 上海 ) A. more than B. more of C. as much as D. so many as 高考链接

2. In some important ways they are very different form one another. 在某些重要方面, 它们彼此有些差异。 (1) in…way (s)/by…means 在 …… 方面 We should solve this problem in a different way. =We should solve this problem by a different way.

都表示 “ 相互，彼此 ” ，在句中作动词 或介词的宾语，但不能作主语。 表示两个人或事物之间的相互关系用 each other, 表示三个或三个以上的人 或事物之间的相互关系时， 用 each other 或 one another 都可以。 (2)one another/each other 区别

Tom and Mary looked at each other. We send card to one another/each other every year. 我们每年都相互寄卡片。

3. …they include Canadian, British, American, Australian and India English. include 包含, 包括 The price includes dinner,beds and breakfast. including (prep.) included (adj.) The bill came to $450, including tax. The bill came to $450, tax included.

contain 和 include contain 指某物包含的内容或成分 The basket contains a variety of fruits. 这篮子装有各种水果。 include 指包括作为整体的一个部分 或要素 The tour includes a visit to Paris. 这旅程包括游览巴黎。

4. …English plays an important role as a first or second language,… plays a/an … role/part 扮演 …… 的角色, 起 …… 的作用 Monitor plays an important role in managing a class. 班长在班级管理中起着重要的作用。

5. Nearly all of them live in England. 他们几乎全部都住在英格兰。 almost 与 nearly ①两者都可以修饰 all, every, always 等词，都可以用于否定句中。

②只用 almost 的场合 : a. 和 any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, never 连用 ; b. 和 too, more than 连用。 It is almost more than we feared. ③只用 nearly 的场合 :a. 被 very, not, pretty 等修饰 ; b. 和具体数字连用。 There is not nearly enough money for a new house. The mother is nearly as old as her son.

练一练：用 nearly 或 almost 填空。 1. He said ______ nothing interesting. 2. _____ 1000 people were here. 3. There is not ______enough book for the whole class. Nearly nearly almost 1. 与 nothing 连用, 所以填 almost 2. 与具体数字连用, 用 nearly 3. 被 not 修饰时, 用 nearly

6.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. 把英语作为母语的人相互之间可以交 流, 即使他们说的不是同一种英语。 even if= (even though) 是连词词 组， 用来引导让步状语从句， 意为 “ 尽管；即使 ”

even if /even though even if 从句所说的不肯定；而 even though 从句所说的则是事实 He will not let out the secret even if he knows it. He will not let out the secret even though he knows it. 他对秘密知道与否不一定 他知道这个秘密

7. Would you please come up to my flat for a visit? 来我的公寓坐坐怎么样？ come up 上来, 走近 ; 被提出 ; 发芽 ; 升起 The problem came up in the meeting. 问题在会议中被提出来了。

Strangers came up to him and asked how much his books are. 陌生人走到他面前，问他课本值多 少钱。 New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.

8. Actually, it was based on German than present day English. 事实上，那时候的英语更象德语， 而不是今天的英语。

(1) actually/in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上 (2) base on/upon… 以 … 为基础 This movie is based on facts. (3) present (adj.) 目前的, 现在的 You should look clearly the present situation.

9. It became closer to the language you are learning now. 它和你们现在学的英语更加接近。 close to 相近, 靠近, 几乎 Our house is close to the bus stop. close (adv) 位置上接近 closely (adv) 抽象关系上的密切 Come close to me. I looked into the matter closely.

be close to 与 get close to be close to 表状态，而 get close to 表 动作 My house is close to the park. The cat got close to the rat silently.

10. Shakespeare made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 莎士比亚使用了比以前更为广泛的 词汇量。 make (good/full/no…) use of 使用 We could make good use of our resources. Every minute should be made good use of.

11. India has a very large number of English speakers. 印度有很多的人讲英语。 a number of 大量的（其后谓语动词用复数） A number of people have came. the number of … 的数目（其后谓语动 词用单数）

只能修饰可数名词的： a large/ great/ good number of, a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few The number of homeless people has increased.

只能修饰不可数名词的： a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little, a large sum of 既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的： plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of

12. Only time will tell. 时间会证明一切。 tell 知道, 判断 It’s hard to tell whether he is right. tell A from B: 区分，分别 Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?

1.This bill adds up to 25 cents,_________ A. postage including B. postage included C. to include postage D. and including postage 解析： including 是介词， including sth. included 是形容词， sth. included Exercises

2.Mr.Huang will ____ in the movement. A. play a leading part B. take parts C. play leading part D. take a part 3.___number of students taking part in the training is 450. A. A B.The C.A lot D.Lots

4. ___students are required to take part in the boat race. A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese

5.Using body language____ a proper way will help communicate___others___ better. A. in, with, even B. in, with, more C. with, with, still D. with, in, most

1.Finish exercises in Learning about language. 2.Find an example that shows the difference between American English and British English. Homework