Chinese 747 Advanced Chinese Translation Practice Class Time: 9-11 am Wednesday Classroom: 207-302 Teacher: Dr. Yan Ding (Lydia) E-mail: Yan.ding@auckland.ac.nz

Recap of Week 6 Linguistic Approach Equivalence Formal Equivalence Dynamic Equivalence Functionalism and Skopos Cultural Issues in Translation

Week 7 Functionalism and Skopos Nord (1997, p28) defines translation as “the production of a functional TT maintaining a relationship with a given ST that is specified according to the intended or demanded function of the TT (translation skopos).” The skopos will provide the criteria for the decision as to which elements of the ST-in-situation can be preserved and which may, or must, be adapted to the target situation.

Nord (1997,p.04) cites Reiss & Vermeer (1978/1983) to say that “it must be the intended purpose of the translated text that determines translation methods and strategies, and not the function of the ST.”

Translation Strategy Chesterman (1997) – A strategy: is a from of process, a way of doing something is a form of explicitly textual manipulation offers a solution to a problem

Transposition Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。 They took a final look at Iron Mike, still intact in the darkness. 他们最后看了铁麦克一眼，它依然安然无恙地耸立在黑暗之中。 During the anti-Japanese war, the party officials worked long hours on meagre food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.

Practice This was the last place the explorers would leave, for it lay riches and natural resources. China joined the growing list of Asian nations turning their backs on American aircraft-makers. Tobacco addicts remain hopelessly blind to signs that say “NO SMOKING”. He also concluded that insight into prehistoric cultures should ideally proceed from knowledge of living cultures.

Explicitness People considered that what he had played on that occasion was no more than a Judas Kiss. 人们认为他在那种场合所表演的不过是犹大之吻，居心险恶。 Almost everyone old enough to remember the raid can recall the thrill and the cheers that swept the country when the news came out that American planes had bombed Tokyo. 几乎所有年纪大些能记得这次袭击的人，都可以回忆起当年美机轰炸东京的消息发表时，举国上下一片欢腾的情景。

Interpersonal Change Order is order, we cannot complain, we cannot bargain, we cannot question and we cannot suggest changes. 命令就是命令，不得抱怨，不得讨价还价，不得质疑，不得建议修改。 Before you hand in your paper, you have to read it over and see if there is anything in it to be corrected and revised.

Converses No man is so old but he may learn. No machine ever runs without some friction. There is no law that has not exceptions. The experiment for videophone failed. Pure metal have few useful properties. Steve was not a little surprised when he found that the strange glow came from a small fluorescent screen. We can never speak without emotion of China’s telecommunications satellite.

Culture Filtering 中国的许多年轻人，如今正面临着一个难题。按照儒家的传统，婚姻是两个家庭而不单纯是两个人的结合，而时下对这种传统的解读，或许会让父母为子女要求一个“价格”。但由于“价格”门槛越来越高不可攀，中国很多年轻人开始转而选择“裸婚”。 Many young Chinese are now facing a conundrum. The present-day interpretation of Confucian traditions， which treat marriage as a union of two families rather than individuals， may require parents to demand a price for their offspring. But with the price of entry rising beyond reach many young Chinese are starting to opt for “naked weddings” instead, embarking on a life of matrimonial bliss without the usual materialistic trappings.

衣食住行，有龙则灵。 Your everyday life is very busy, Our Long Card can make it easy. 但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。 We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart. 鱼米之乡 a land of fish and rice/a land flowing with milk and honey

My work is something like the Penelope's web,never done,but ever in hand. 我的工作就像珀涅罗珀织布一样，永远在手里，永远做不完。 He is always buying you expensive clothes,I'm afraid they are Greek gifts for you. 他总是给你买很贵的衣服，我担心这些都是不安好心的礼物。

More Exercise