Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气

Mood 表示说话人的意图或态度 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气

Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气是一种动词形式, 表示说话人认为他所说的话是和事实相反的主观设想或主观愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义, 虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。

Examples I wish I had not created this creature. I wish I was on the other side of the world. I wish I could disappear. As I kissed her lips, they became pale, as if she were dead.

Wish / As if / If only 过去时 过去完成 would / could + V 表目前不可能实现的愿望 表过去不可能实现的愿望 表将来不可能实现的愿望 过去时 过去完成 would / could + V

Examples I wish I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. If only I had seen the film! = How I wish I had seen the film! It looks as if it would snow.

If 过去时 过去完成 过去时 / were to + V / should + V 主句 表目前不可能实现的愿望 表过去不可能实现的愿望 表将来不可能实现的愿望 Should / would/ could / might +V 过去时 Should / would/ could / might +have done 过去完成 过去时 / were to + V / should + V Should / would/ could / might +V

If I were you, I would give up smoking. If I had time, I would learn French. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed the exam. If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way. If it should snow tomorrow, we could have a snowball fight.

注意 1. 在正式文体中, 有时可以把虚拟条件句中的连词if省略, 而将were, had, should等动词提前到主语前面形成倒装。 2. 虚拟语气中, 条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。

If I were you, I would choose this one. =Were I you, I would choose this one. If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus. = Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus. If it weren’t to rain tomorrow, I would go climbing. =Were it not to rain tomorrow, I would go climbing.

If you had followed my advice yesterday, you would be better now. If it rained today, we shouldn’t water the garden tomorrow.

Correct the wrong sentences had been 1. If the weather was nice yesterday, we would have gone to the zoo. 2. He were you, he would go home at once. 3. If you had studied hard before, you would have been a college student now. Were he you/If he were you be

Multiple choices 1. If Lucy had not been badly hurt in a car accident, _____last month’s marathon race. A. she would have taken part in B. she would take part in C. she might take part in D. she must have taken part in

2. ______it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will

3. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie

4. What would have happened____, as far as the river bank. A 4. What would have happened____, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther

5. _____I be free tomorrow, I could go with you. A. Could B. Should C 5. _____I be free tomorrow, I could go with you. A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must

6. If only I ____ as young as you are! A. being B. am C. be D. were 7. If only I _____ my watch! A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost C. didn’t lose D. don’t lose