面向西部农村地区馆际合作中 志愿者服务的引入 Volunteer Program and Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 董翔 杨青 Xiang Dong Qing Yang 兰州大学图书馆 Lanzhou University Library dongx@lzu.edu.cn 2010.6 兰州 Lanzhou

一、面向西部农村地区馆际合作实施的必要性 The Necessity of Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 二、图书馆志愿者服务 The Library Volunteer Service 三、面向西部农村地区如何在馆际合作中引入 志愿者服务 How to Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China

面向西部农村地区馆际合作实施的必要性 The Necessity of Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 针对西部农村图书馆的建设，应大力发挥馆际合作的作用。在省、市、区、乡镇图书馆馆际协作网络中，馆际合作的实施，不仅可以实现资源共享，同时图书馆服务的延伸更能推动西部农村农民素质的提高。 The library collaboration plays an important role in the construction of rural libraries in the West.In the cooperative network of provincial library, municipal library, district library and town library, not only the implementation of the library collaboration can realize the resources sharing, but also the extension of the library service will promote the improvement of the quality of rural residents in the West. 1.1现代馆际合作的现状 1.1 The Current Situation of Modern Library Collaboration 1.2面向西部农村地区馆际合作实施的途径 1.2 Ways to Carry out the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China

发达国家：图书馆馆际合作的模式有集中、分散以及集中与分散相结合三种模式。 面向西部农村地区馆际合作实施的必要性 The Necessity of Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 1.1现代馆际合作的现状 1.1 The Current Situation of Modern Library Collaboration 发达国家：图书馆馆际合作的模式有集中、分散以及集中与分散相结合三种模式。 In developed countries, there are three modes of library collaboration, which are centralization, decentralization and the combination of the above two. 共同点：1)有一个负责统筹、协调的权威组织。(2)国家有稳定的经费投入, 同时又有相应的政策鼓励各地方、各部门积极自筹经费投入。(3) 文献资源建设与编制联合目录等二次文献、建立数据库以及进行文献数字化、资源网络化等工作同步发展。 Common grounds: (1) There is an authorized organization responsible for coordination. (2)Stable economic funds is invested by the government, the related policies encourage local governments to raise money independently. (3) The database is built. The digitalized document and recourses on the Internet should be developed together.

面向西部农村地区馆际合作实施的必要性 The Necessity of Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 1.1现代馆际合作的现状 1.1 The Current Situation of Modern Library Collaboration 中国：长期以来，馆际合作多在系统、部门内推进。 For a long time, the library collaboration in China is almost promoted within the system or department. 体系：教育部组织的CALIS(China Academic Library& Information System，中国高等教育文献保障系统）、文化部组织的全国文化信息资源共享工程等、中国科学院系统的 NSTL等以及各省的联盟。 There are some systems like CALIS organized by Ministry of Education, National Cultural Information Resources Sharing Projects organized by Ministry of Culture and so on. 发展：缺少跨系统图书馆间的馆际合作,也较少将馆际合作工作延伸至西部农村。 The less library collaboration among different libraries is, the less the western rural residents will benefit.

面向西部农村地区馆际合作实施的必要性 The Necessity of Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 1.2面向西部农村地区馆际合作实施的途径 Ways to Carry out the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 1 利用联机目录（OPAC）和联合目次，开展馆际互借与原文传传递服务，为农民提供图书借阅、文献复制以及传送服务Providing book-borrowing, document-copying and other services for rural residents by OPAC. 2 发挥省市和高校图书馆人员、服务手段的优势，为科技兴农服务。Librarians of universities, provincial and municipal libraries try their best to service for developing the agriculture by technology. 3 利用现代化的服务手段和服务功能，为农村提供多元化的实用信息。Modern servicing means and functions should provide more pratical information for rural residents.

图书馆志愿者服务 图书馆精神和志愿精神具有高度契合之处, 自由、平等、公益、助人、无私奉献是二者相同的特质，这为图书馆引入志愿者提供了可能。志愿者是活跃在图书馆的一个特殊读者群体，他们无私奉献、完善自己、至诚服务的态度，不仅可以加强图书馆与读者之间的互动，还可以激发图书馆服务和创新的活力，弥补图书馆人力资源的不足。 There are many qualities shared by the spirit of libraries and volunteers, which are freedom, equality and dedication, etc. providing the possibility of introducing volunteers to library. Volunteers can not only strengthen the interaction between libraries and readers, but also make up the shortage of human resources.

图书馆志愿者服务 The Library Volunteer Service 2.1国外图书馆志愿者服务的内容和管理情况 2.1 The contents of volunteer-serving and management in foreign countries. 服务内容： 日常服务工作--参观接待、图书整理、读者咨询 特色服务--西雅图公共图书馆的“家庭作业帮助者 (Homework Helpers)”。 图书馆馆外信息服务--实施图书馆社会服务职能，如日本大学 图书馆志愿者，开展为盲人送书刊等服务。 Contents: Daily Servicing Work: visiting and receiving readers, arranging books and reader-consulting. Special Services: Homework Helpers in the public library in Seattle Information Services outside the Library: The social servicing functions should be performed.

图书馆志愿者服务The Library Volunteer Service 2.1国外图书馆志愿者服务的内容和管理情况 2.1 The contents of volunteer-serving and management in foreign countries. 管理包括：招募、选拔、培训、使用、评估服务、表彰与激励 等相关的管理制度等。 如日本筑波大学的《筑波大学附属图书 馆志愿者实施条例》，同时也运用信息化系统管理志愿者动， 如新加坡公共图书馆运用了志愿者网上注册管理系统。 The management includes: training, evaluation services and other related systems.

图书馆志愿者服务The Library Volunteer Service 2.1国内图书馆志愿者服务现状 2.1 The Current Situation of the Library Volunteer Servicing 国内图书馆对于志愿者服务尚处于探索阶段，一些图书馆和 个人以开展了志愿者服务。 深圳图书馆 “义工” 服务 中国图书馆学会从2006年至2009每年开展“志愿者行动——基层图书馆馆长培训”志愿者活动 汶川大地震后，中山大学图书馆馆长程焕文发起了“图书馆家园”志愿者活动，对所有极重灾区图书馆员进行慰问和援助，以期推动当地图书馆事业的重建。 The volunteer services are still in an exploratory stage. Some services are developed by libraries and individuals.

创新之处，就在于将志愿者服务这种力量通过馆际合作的途径注入到西部农村图书馆的发展中，避免志愿者服务自发性的局限 面向西部农村地区如何在馆际合作中引入志愿者服务 How to Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 创新之处，就在于将志愿者服务这种力量通过馆际合作的途径注入到西部农村图书馆的发展中，避免志愿者服务自发性的局限 Volunteer services are introduced to western rural China by means of library collaboration. 3.1面向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务引入的意义 The Meaning of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 3.2建立面向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务引入的机制 The System of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 3.3向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务的内容 The Contents of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China

3.1面向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务引入的意义 面向西部农村地区如何在馆际合作中引入志愿者服务 How to Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 3.1面向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务引入的意义 The Meaning of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 1、提高西部农村信息服务水平，共享资源 Improving the information services in western rural China and sharing rescources 2、拓展馆际合作的服务内容，保障农民信息需求与能力发展 Expanding service contents of libarary collaboration. 3、整合志愿者服务，提高服务能力 Integrating the volunteer services and improving service capacity 4、激发志愿者的服务热情和助农爱心 Inspiring the service enthusiasm.

面向西部农村地区如何在馆际合作中引入志愿者服务 How to Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 3.2建立面向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务引入的机制 The System of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 国外志愿者服务经验带来的良好启示之一就是建立合理有效的志愿者管理 机制。 1、有效地招募机制：“志愿者招募”是馆际合作工作的起点 2、高效的管理机制：在图书馆馆际合作部门设立志愿者管理办公室 3、人性化的激励机制：精神层面和物质层面 One of the inspirations the volunteer service experience brought from abroad is to construct an effective system of volunteer management. 1. Effective Recruit System: the starting point of labrary collaboration 2. Effective Management System: the volunteer management office is built in the department of library collaboration 3. Encouraging System: spiritual and material

3.3向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务的内容 面向西部农村地区如何在馆际合作中引入志愿者服务 How to Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 3.3向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务的内容 The Contents of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 馆际合作可以使馆藏较为丰富的东部地区图书馆以及西部 省市和高校图书馆打破传统模式，走出封闭圈子，开放门户，大 力发展农村信息服务。 志愿者服务的力量引入到馆际合作这一需要大量馆外服务的 工作中去。 The library collaboration makes libraries in the eastern and western zones break the traditional modes to open themselves to develop the rural information services.

3.3向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务的内容 馆际互借和原文传递，实现资源共享：在图书的传递活动，志愿者可以为 面向西部农村地区如何在馆际合作中引入志愿者服务 How to Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 3.3向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务的内容 The Contents of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 馆际互借和原文传递，实现资源共享：在图书的传递活动，志愿者可以为 农村图书馆邮寄图书，也可以在条件允许的情况集中将成批将馆际互借图 书送到乡村图书馆或从事电子文献的传递工作。 发挥志愿者人才优势开展特色服务：志愿者的专业背景多元化可以弥补馆 员农村经济建设专业背景的不足，开展信息推送、定期跟踪等服务。如，介 绍有关农业生产技术、致富信息、市场动态等内容；编制实用型的特色农业 信息数据库，在具备信息设备的乡村图书馆为农民读者提供信息查询服务； 组织有能力的志愿者为农民提供培训服务 Inter-library loan and documents delivery make the resources sharing realized. During the process of delivering documents, volunteers may send books to rural libraries by mail. Developed special services: The specialized background can make up the shortage of professional background of rural economic construction.

3.3向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务的内容 面向西部农村地区如何在馆际合作中引入志愿者服务 How to Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 3.3向西部农村地区馆际合作中志愿者服务的内容 The Contents of Introduce Volunteer Service to the Library Collaboration in Western Rural China 挖掘志愿者服务潜力，多渠道募集信息资源：馆际合作无形 中会给提供服务的图书馆带来巨大的运作成本。同时，逐步建设 西部农村的信息设施和资源才是解决问题的根本。因此，挖掘志 愿者服务潜力，通过各种渠道去募集资金。 The volunteer service potential should be exploited while the information resources should be collected from multi-channel.

兰州大学图书馆读者俱乐部的馆际合作实践活动 The Practice of library collaboration in the library reader club, Lanzhou University 兰州大学图书馆读者俱乐部是兰州大学图书馆招募志愿者组成的读者社团组织。读者俱乐部自2008年成立以来，一直致力于志愿帮助广大同学们更好地了解和使用图书馆资源，提高信息采集和信息资源的使用能力；同时帮助深化图书馆读者服务工作内涵，促进读者与图书馆之间的互动，推动校园文化建设。此外，在图书馆馆际合作服务部门的组织下帮助图书馆开展馆外服务活动。他们立足于“以书会友、服务同学”的宗旨，先后为甘谷中学和静宁县干沟中学图书室提供了共计5000余册课外书，志愿者亲自将书籍送到当地。 The library reader club in Lanzhou University is a reader association whose members are volunteers recruited by the library. Since the foundation in 2008, the club is always helping students know more about the library resources, interact between readers and library and promote the cultural construction on campus. The club also provides over 5000 books for Gangu Middle School and Jingning Gangou Middle School.

兰州大学图书馆读者俱乐部的馆际合作实践活动

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