教 师：项娟娟 电 话：15865462742 E-mail:applepiecool@163.com 大学英语B网络统考 —考前复习 教 师：项娟娟 电 话：15865462742 E-mail:applepiecool@163.com

大学英语B网络统考 —词汇与语法 大纲要求： 考生应掌握基本的语法、词汇知识，并能在听、说、读、写、译中较正确地加以运用。试卷第三项词汇与语法部分共有5个选择题,一般前两个是词汇题,后三个是语法题,每个题3分，共15分，考试时间10分钟。

三、词汇与语法 come to the conclusion 得出结论 1、We came finally _________ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time. A：of B：into C：to D：at 2、As the bus came round the corner, it ran ______ a big tree by the roadside. A：into B：on C：over D：up C A run into:撞到，撞入

3、- ___B____ is your girl friend like? - She is very kind and good-looking. A: How B：What C：Which D：Who 4、John's father ___C___ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard University. A：taught B：teaches C：has taught D：is teaching 5、Every year thousands of lives ___D____ in road accidents because of careless driving. A：lose B：lost C：have lost D：are lost

分项讲解 — 语法 常用语法考点 1、名词、代词的数和格的构成形式及其用法。 2、动词的基本时态、语态的构成形式及其用法。 3、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成形式及其用法。 4、常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法。 5、非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成形式及其用法。 6、虚拟语气的构成及其用法。 7、各类从句的构成及其用法。 8、强调句型的结构及其用法。 9、常用倒装句的结构。

分项讲解 — 语法 答题策略 1、熟练掌握英语基础语法 2、熟记以上9项重要语法考点 3、分析理解全句的意思 4、利用句子的语法规律判断填空词 5、利用句子语境信息判断填空词 6、利用排除法推断出填空词

一、动 词 的 基 本 时 态 人称 代词 系动词（Be） 实义动词（do） 现在 过去 将来 I am were will be do did will do He Is was does She It You are We They

一般现在时(be / do / does) 形式为do 或does （第三人称单数）。通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 He always goes to school by bike. 他总是骑车去上学。 （特别提醒：一般现在时可以代替将来时，用于时间和条件状语从句中。） Please be sure to telephone me the next time you come.

一般现在时(be / do / does) 除主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后加s外，其余均用原形。 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. often, usually, always, sometimes Knowledge ________ only from practice. A. has come B. came C. comes D. is coming

一般过去时(was / were / did) 形式为did. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。 I bought this computer five years ago. He often took a walk after supper when he was alive.

一般过去时(was / were / did) used to do: 过去常常(暗含现在已经不那样了） be / get used to doing：习惯于做某事 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It’s 69568442.　 didn’t　B. couldn’t　C. don’t　D. can’t yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day 注意：一般过去时只说明过去，与现在无关。

一般将来时(will / shall [第一人称]) 表示将来发生的事情 be going to do be to do be about to do 否定式：will not = won’t The telephone is ringing. I will answer it.

现在进行时 / 过去进行时 现在进行时态 形式为is/am/are+ doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。 The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子。 过去进行时态 形式为 was/were + doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。 Jane burnt her hand when she was cooking the dinner.

现在进行时 / 过去进行时 I’m doing my homework. It was raining when they left the station. 注意： 进行时可以表示将来，表示主语计划将要做的动作。 come，go， leave，depart，arrive，stay，start May Day Holiday is coming.

现 在 完 成 时 形式为have / has done，常与already，never，ever, yet连用。 1）用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作。 The milk has already become undrinkable. 牛奶已经不能喝了。 2）表示过去某时间开始一直延续到现在的动作 He has lived here since 1949. 自从1949年以来，他一直住在这儿。

现 在 完 成 时 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 动作都是发生在过去，一般过去时只是说明过去的某个时间发生了某个动作；现在完成时强调过去发生的某个事件对现在造成的影响。 例如： I saw the movie Red Cliff last night. I have seen the movie Red Cliff.

现 在 完 成 时 2. 现在完成时还可以表示： 过去时间开始的某个动作一直持续到现在。 for + 时间段 since+时间点 I have lived here for more than ten years. I have lived here since 1997.

过 去 完 成 时 形式为had done. 表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻、或是在此刻前已经完成的动作。 By the end of last term we had learned 1000 English words. 到上学期末我们已经学了1000个英语单词。

_____ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent. He would leave school He left school He had left school He has left school B last year:去年（过去的时间），表明此题的基本基调为一般过去时

2. He _____ in a small workshop, but now he is the head of a big business company. used to working was used to work used to work was used to working C used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（暗含现在已经不那么做了） be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事

3. It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _____ by about 10%. Will have risen Has risen Will be rising Has been rising B by the end of this month: 到本月底（从过去持续到现在，所以用现在完成时）

4. Even if it _____ tomorrow morning, I will go there. has rained C 4. Even if it _____ tomorrow morning, I will go there. has rained will rain rains will have rained 时间和状语条件从句中，一般现在时表示将来

5. They fulfilled the plan earlier than they ______. have expected were expecting had expected 过去的过去用过去完成时，fulfill the plan 已经是过去的动作，expect是发生在fulfill之前的动作

6、Hardly on the stage the audience started cheering. he had come/than he had come/when had he come/when had he come /than Hardly…when… No sooner…than… Scarcely…when… 一… 就 … 用于过去完成时，用倒装

动词的语态：主动语态与被动语态 1、被动语态的构成： 语态是一种动词形式，表示主语与谓语动词所表示的动作之间的关系。英语被动语态是由“助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成的。被动语态的时态变化借助动词be 来实现。助动词be要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。 Rome was not built in a day. Four people were killed and thirty-one injured in the bomb attack. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door.

The Chinese women volleyball players both in and out of China. are thought good of are highly thought of are well thought are ill thought of think well/highly of…得到好评 think badly/ill/little/nothing of …评价很差 中国女子排球对与评价之间是被动的关系

- Is the library ____ now？ - No，it's____. A. open；close B. opening； closing C. open；closed D. opened； closed C open双重词性(adj. & v.)；close为动词，其形容词为closed；此题中，open与closed均表示状态，所以用形容词形式，而不是被动语态

2、除及物动词外，一些相当于及物动词的短语动词也可使用被动语态形式，除了个别情况，短语动词一般不拆开使用。例如： This matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.

2. A leader should be a man who can ______. depend depend on be depended be depended on 及物动词短语用于被动语态，一般不能拆开使用