高考二轮复习 语法系统讲解 三、代词

一、人称代词 １.人称代词的主格作主语，宾格作宾语、表语和介词宾语。 E.g: They are our close friends. Jim told us to leave him alone. --- Who is knocking at the door? --- It’s me. I will go with her. Don’t place so much pressure on us.

2.在than引起的从句中，如不跟其他词，常可用人称代词的宾格,如跟其他词,则必须用人称代词的主格 eg: He is more intelligent than her/she (is). 　Lucy works harder than me/I (do). 3.在电话用语中常用主格。 eg: ---I wish to speak to Mary. ---This is she.

4.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后多用宾格。 eg: ---Have more wine? ---Not me. --- I like English. ---Me too. 5.在介词but, except后,有时可用主格也可用宾格。 eg: Nobody knows him except I/me.

二、物主代词 1.形容词性的物主代词只作定语,也就是一定要＋名词． my our your his her their Eg:Their parents are workers. 2.名词性的物主代词可作主语、宾语、表语和与of连用作定语。 mine ours yours his hers theirs It is not our classroom. Ours is on the second floor. She didn’t bring her pen, so I gave her mine.

A 1. _______classroom is on the second floor. (A. Our, B. We, C. Ours) 2. Please return _____books in time. (A. they, B. their, C. theirs) 3.This is not____ book._____ is on the desk. A. your, Yours B. yours, Your; C. you; Yours 4.Our room is over ____. (A. your B yours C. you) 5.A friend of ____ will come to see me. A. me B. I C. my D. mine B A B D

3. 在汉语中，“我的”，“你的”这类词有时可以省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省掉。 eg: Hand in your exercise-books, please. He picked up his cap and left the room. Don’t put your hands in your pockets. do one’s homework in one’s spare time in one’s twenties

三、反身代词 myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself themselves 1.一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人时，宾语用反身代词 Eg: I teach myself English. He bought himself a car.

2. 反身代词常和某些动词连用。 be oneself 　　　处于正常状态，显得自然 enjoy oneself　　　 help oneself to…　随便吃／用 come to oneself　苏醒 make oneself at home　别客气 dress oneself in = be dressed in seat oneself = be seated devote oneself to = be devoted to　专心于；忠诚于；孝顺；献身于

3. 用于某些固定短语。 by oneself: 自己一个人干（不要别人帮助）， for oneself: 替自己， 为自己 in oneself: 本身 between ourselves: 私下说的话（不可告诉别人） to oneself: 供自己用

I can do it by myself. She bought a dress for herself. This is not a bad idea in itself. All this is between ourselves. She had a room to herself. I haven’t been myself for weeks.

指示代词this/these; that/those 1.that指前面说的话,this指后面要说的话． That is the story he told me. Listen! This is the story I want to tell you. 2.当前面出现两个名词时，that指代前面的名词，this指代后面的名词． Health is above wealth. This cannot give as much happiness as that.

3.在比较句型中,that /those常用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词；如果这个名词是单数可数名词，用the one的时候更多一些。 eg: These machines are better than those we turned out last year. The oil output in 2001 was much higher than that of 1986. My room was brighter than the one next door. The weather of Australia is quite different from that of China.

4.This 和that 有时还可以用来表示程度,译成“这么；那么” eg: I only have this much. Is it enough? I never thought an opera can be that interesting. 3.That 的 其它一些词组. 1.like that 这样 eg: Don’t do it like that. 2. that is (to say). 也就是说 eg: We’ll have summer holiday this day next week,that is (to say), next Thursday. 3. that’s all 就这些 eg: Just don’t do it again, that’s all. 4. now (that) 既然 eg: Now that dinner is ready, wash your hands.

不定代词 1.other; another; the other; others; the others other adj 一定要＋名词 another adj/n　与单数名词一起用，或单独用 the other n　特指两者中的另一个 others n　不跟名词，没有范围 the others n　不跟名词，特定范围内

1.We should learn to respect___________. 2.The students in Group 4 remain in the classroom, _____________go with me to the garden. 3.I don’t like these books, can you show me some__________? 4.Ther are two tickets here.One is for you,________ is for me. 5.Besides Jim and Mary,there are ten ______ students on the ground. 6.Although I have had 4 cakes, I am still not full. Can you give me_______ one? others the others others the other other another

句型： 1.one …the other 2.one…one…another 3.one…another…the third… 4.some…others… He has three children. One is a doctor, one is a teacher, another is an engineer. Some students are interested in football, some enjoy baseball, others are fond of volleyball.

another +number +n = number +more +n 表示“再，还” Please wait for another five minutes. Please wait for five more minutes. We need another ten people to help us. We need ten more people to help us.

2.some;any 1)some多用于肯定句;any多用于否定句，疑问句，条件句中． I don’t like any of the books. If there is any food left, please give me some. I know some of them, but not all. ２）some可用于疑问句，表请求或征求意见，常用于以下句型： Can/Could you lend me some books? Will / Would you pass him some water? Would you like some drinks? May I have some coffee?

Anything 3) some + 单数名词=a certain+n表示“某一” They will not attend the meeting for some reason. 4) some =about (与数量词连用) This story happened some ten years ago. 5)any也可用于肯定句，强调（任何一个），多与单数名词连用．every强调全部. Any boy can do it. You can take any book you like. ---What kind of drinks would you like? ----___________ will do. If you like ,everything here is yours. Anything

None . Nothing . nothing/nobody No one/Nobody. 3.none: 特指前面提到的名词 1.How many deer did you see in the zoo? 2.How much oil remains? 3.Do you have any pens here? 4.Is there any bread in the fridge? 5.There are many apples on the desk, but there is_______ in the basket. 6.What’s above the the ceiling? 7.The room is empty. You can find _______ there. 8.Who is in the room? 9.All people have gone home.You can find ___. None . Nothing . nothing/nobody No one/Nobody.

疑问代词 1.what,who,which What, who: 没有限定范围 Which: 在一定范围内进行选择 What sports do you like? Which sport do you like, swimming or skating? Who do you think will win the game? Which do you think will win the game, Lucy or Lily?

Ex:1. _________material should we use for the house? 2. He is studying in Oxford or Cambridge. I don’t know ___________. 3.I have tea, coffee and milk here. ______do you prefer? 4._______Smith are you looking for, John Smith or Joe Smith? 5. ______are you looking for? You have been wondering here for 2 hours? What which Which Which Who