特殊句式的重难点 ---倒装、强调和省略

In front of the house stands a tree. 二、倒装的分类 完全倒装 倒装 部分倒装 In front of the house stands a tree. 完全倒装 Seldom does he go to the cinema. 部分倒装

（一）完全倒装 (Full inversion) 1、用在there be结构中。如：  There are many students in the classroom. 注意： There is a pen, two books, and many pencils on the desk.

There be 句型有不同时态的形式，可以和各种助动词和情态动词连用。 There was a meeting in the school yesterday. There will be a new film show on Sunday. There have been many great changes in our country since then. There can’t be any mistakes in his passage.

There be 结构中的be有时可用seem to be, happen to be, in likely to be或remain, stand, lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur等。 There is likely to be something wrong with his computer. Once upon a time there lived an old monk in the temple. There lies a river at the foot of the mountain. There stands a tower in the park. 完全倒装

There be 句型的非谓语形式 I never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall. I expected there to be many chances for him to get the job. It is natural for there to be a generation gap between the parents and their children. There being not enough time left, we have to hurry. There having been no water for 2days, the travelers were all very thirsty.

Then follows the police car. There goes the bell. 2、用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词 +主语（名词）”的句型中，或以out, in up down, away，off 等副词开头的句子，以表示强调。如： Now comes your turn. Here comes the bus. Out rushed the children. Then follows the police car. There goes the bell. 注意：代词作主语时，主谓序不变。如： In he comes. Here it is.

In front of the statium stands a high tower. 3、当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，也常引起全部倒装，如： On the wall hangs a map of China. South of the city lies a big steel factory. In front of the statium stands a high tower.

“表语 +连系动词 +主语” Professor Smith and many other guests. 4、表语置于句首时，倒装结为： “表语 +连系动词 +主语” （1）“形容词 +连系动词 +主语” Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. （2）“过去分词 +连系动词 +主语” Gone are the days when we were looked down upon （3）“介词短语 + be +主语” In the distance was a boat.

5、such 置于句首： Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and a great scientist. Such are the facts; no one can deny it.

（二）部分倒装 (partial inversion)  1、用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如： If you had reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exam. Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exam. If I were you , I would go there at once. Were I you, I would go there at once. If I should earn money, I should live better. Should I learn money, I should live better.

Were I ten years younger, I would learn playing the piano. Should it rain, the journey would be more unpleasant. Had you come yesterday, you could have helped me.

Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in. 2、用于“only 开头”的句型中(only 放在句首修饰副词、介词短语等作状语或状语从句）。如： Only in this way can we protect our environment and build a harmonious society Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in. 注意： 如果 only 后面的词组不是状语，则不用倒装。如： Only his secretary knows where he has gone.

He knew little who the woman was. 3、用于“never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, never, at no time (决不), not only, not once ” 等含有否定意义的副词或连词在句首的句型中。如： He knew little who the woman was. Little did he know who the woman was. He seldom visited his grandparents. Seldom did he visit his grandparents. 注意三个特殊句型

Not only _____ interested in football but _____ beginning to show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are

2. ________ sat down for a rest______ the door bell rang. A. Hardly I had; when B. Hardly I had; than C. Hardly had I; than D. Hardly had I; when 3. Not until all the fish died in the river___ how serious the pollution was. did the villagers realize B. the village realize C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize

Try as he would, he might fail again.  4、用于“形容词（或名词、动词）+ as/though”引导的让状语从句中。如： Try as he would, he might fail again. Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Child as she is, she knows a lot. Much as he likes the bike, he doesn’t buy it. Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best. 注意： 若从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。

A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 5、用于“so/such…that”句型, so/such置于句首时,要部分倒装： So difficult ______it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English.（2001上海, 27） A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. Such a noise was there that I couldn’t work. To such an extent do the parents love their son that they have tried to satisfy all his needs.

6. so, neither, nor 作部分倒装 表示“也”、“也不” 的句子要部分倒装，表示前者情况适用后者 So, neither ,nor +be/助动词/情态动词 +主语 Tom can speak French, so can Jack I have never been abroad, neither has my sister.

注意： I was afraid. So was I. I was afraid. So you were. I am a student and like sports, it is the same with Jack. I like reading but don’t like sports. so it is with Jack.

高考真题 D B  1. Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away_______（2009，上海38） A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief B 2.Just in front of our house ____ with a history of 1,000 years. (2006上海春) A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands

高考真题 B C  3. – David has made great progress recently. -- ____________, and ______. (1997上海) A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so you have D. So has he; so have you B C 4. So sudden ____that the enemy had no time to escape. (2009 山东） did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was

高考真题 B B  5.Not until I came home last night ___ to bed. (2009四川） Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went B 6.  _____ ,he talks a lot about his favourite singers after class. (2005重庆) A. A quiet student as he may be     B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may     D. Quiet as he may be a student

点击高考： B A 1. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______ decision. （11湖南，32） A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach 2. Not until he left his home ____ to know how important the family was for him.(10 江西， 33) A. did he begin B. had he begun C. he began D. he had begun 3. —Who should be responsible for the accident? B A

A B A —The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order______. (08福建，30) A.as told B.as are told C.as telling D.as they told 4. It’s not what we do once in a while ____ shapes our lives, but what we do consist- ently.(11湖南，35) A. which B. that C. how D. when 5. ---Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? ---Of course, I have. It was in our village ___ it was made.(11重庆，32) A.that B.where C.when D.which A B A

二、强调 C (一) 句式和语序： 1.Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down? (11四川，15) 2.I really don’t know ____I had my money stolen. A.when was it that B.that it was when C.where it was that D.it was where that that Was/Is it …that/who…? (一般疑问句) C Wh- was/is it that/who …? (特殊疑问句) 在从句中充当句子成分时，必须用陈述句语序。

C (二) …not…until…的强调结构： (三) 强调句式的省略： 3.It was ____he came back from Africa that year___he met the girl he would like to marry.(09江西，27) A.when;then B.not;until C.not until;that D.only;when C It was + not until … + that …. (三) 强调句式的省略： 4. ---I can not find Mr. Brown. Where did you meet him this morning? --- It was in the hotel ________ he stayed. where (that I met him this morning.)

(四) 强调句式与定语从句的辨析： (五) 强调句式与主语从句的辨析： (六) 强调句式与状语从句的辨析： 5.It was in the factory _________ they met for the first time. 6.It was the foctory _______________ they met for the first time. 7.It is the Great Wall ____________ they are going to visit. 8.It’s true ______ they are going to visit the Great Wall. 9.It was at 8 o’clock ______ he arrived home. 10.It was 8 o’clock ______ he arrived home. that where/in which (五) 强调句式与主语从句的辨析： that that (六) 强调句式与状语从句的辨析： that when

that when since that before before that before It was at midnight _______ I got back home yesterday. It was midnight _______ I got back home yesterday. It is two years _______ I began to learn English . It was two years ago ______ I began to learn English. It will be two years ______ he comes back from abroad. It won’t be three days _____ he comes back from abroad. It was two yeas later ____ he came back from abroad. It was two years _______ he came back from abroad. when since that before before that before

(七) 强调句式与其他从句的综合： 11.Can it be in the restaurant _______________ you had dinner with me yesterday _________ you left behind your keys and wallet? in which/where that

1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual. A. It was we being late B. It was our being late C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late 2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.” A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which 3. _____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter. A. It, careful B. It, carefully C. He, careful D. He, carefully

4. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.” A. where B. which C. that D. When 5. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me. A. which B. as C. what D. that

6. It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood. A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where 7. Was it five o’clock ______the fire broke out? when B. that C. which D. in which 8. ---“Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend?” ---“Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. A. that B. where C. which D. while

9. It’s more than half a century _____ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people. when B. that C. since D. While 10. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan. which B. as C. that D. what

三、省略 (一) 状语从句中的省略： 1.When ____________________ (cross) the street, you can never be too careful. 2. Generally speaking, when_____________ (take) according to the instructions, the drug has no side effect. 3.________________________(如果没必要), you’d better not refer to the dictionary. (you are) crossing (it is) taken Unless (it is) necessary

(二) 不定式的省略： 4.I don’t want to wait for him, but I ________ ____________(不得不等). 5.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him __________ _______________________(不要那么做). 6.---Are you a teacher? ---No, but I ___________________ (曾经是). 7.---Didn’t he tell you to attend the meeting? ---No, I ______________________________ ____________(我本应该被告知的). have to (wait for him) not to (ride his bicycle in the street) used to be (a teacher) ought to have been (told to attend the meeting) /No,he ______________________________ ____________(他本应该告诉我的). ought to have (told me to attend the meeting)

(三) 特殊疑问句的省略回答： C 8.---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---________her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 9.---______ did they get down to the job? --- Not until they turned to me. C (Losing her new bicycle made Mary so upset.) When (Not until they turned to me did they get down to the job.)

Summary： 1.倒装：（全部倒装;部分倒装;特殊倒装); 2.强调: （句式和语序；not…until…结 构的强调；强调句式的省略； 与定从的区别；与主从的区 别；与状从的区别；与其他从 句的综合)； 3.省略：（状从的省略；to的省略；特殊 疑问句的省略回答）