外研版 高一年级 ( 必修 1) Module 6

Grammar 2 The definite article and zero article Grammar 2 The definite article and zero article

冠词的定义 冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表 示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以 说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词 而单独存在。 冠词有三个 : 即定冠词 (definite article) 、 不定冠词 (indefinite article) 和零冠 (zero article) 。

不定冠词有两个形式, 一个是 a, 另一个 是 an 。 a 用在辅音 ( 指的是音标不是指字 母 ) 开头的词前, an 用在以元音开头的词 前。 a university, an umbrella, a European, an example, a one-act play, an hour

Mrs. Taylor has ___ 8-year-old daughter who has ___ gift for painting ----she has won two national prizes. A. a; a B. an; the C. an; a D. the; a

① 泛指某一类人或事物的一个。 A boy is waiting for you. ② 表示某一类人或事物, 相当于 any, A horse is an animal.

③ 用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前 面。 An old cock is sitting in a tall tree. ④ 用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示 “ 一 阵 ” 、 “ 一场 ” 、 “ 一种 ” 等。例如： snow---- a snow 一场雪 shower---- a shower 一阵暴雨

⑤ 用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍, 是 什么样的人，是什么样的事物。 The little girl is a joy to her parents. He is a success. 和你一块共事很愉快。 It is a pleasure to work with you. He did me a great kindness. What a great surprise you gave me.

⑥ 用于某些固定的词组。 a lot of/ a lots 很多 a few 有些 a little 一些 a piece of 一张 …… to have a rest 休息一下 as a matter of face 事实上

① 特指某个或某些人或事物, 或指谈话 双方都知道的人或事物, 或重复上文 提到的人或事物。例如： How do you like the film? There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby is very fat.

② 指世界上独一无二的事物。 The earth is biggest than the moon, but smaller than the sun. the sky; the universe; the atmosphere ③ 用在单数可数名词之前, 表示某一类 人或事物。如： The lion is more fierce than the wolf. The compass was invented in ancient China.

④ 常用在乐器的名称之前。如： play the violin/piano ⑤ 用在某些专有名词前： the People’s Republic of China, the Great Wall, the White House; 在江河、山脉、海 洋、湖泊、群岛的名词之前： the Changjiang River; the Yellow River; the Salt Lake

⑥ 在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词, 表示一 家人。 the Smiths 史密斯一家人 The Wangs live in the next-door house.

① 在大多数专有名词、泛指的抽象名 词和物质名词前： We love science. She is fond of music.

② 在星期、月份、季节或节假日等名 词前： National Day; New Year’s Day; Women’s Day ③ 在称呼语、表示头衔或职务的名词前 What’s wrong with you, Uncle?

This is Comrade Yang, chairman of the Students’ Union. He reported this to Mr Black headmaster of the school. ④在三餐饭和球类运动、棋类运动的名 词前： I like rice for supper. Let’s go and watch them play chess.

⑤ 国名、人名前面，一般不加定冠词。 China, Japan, England, Mary, Henry 等。 但有的国名例外，如 : the United States, the Philippines, the People’s Republic of China 。

Finish activity 1 on students’ books. Because they are all unique—there is only one of them. We usually use the definite article (the) with them. Why do you think this is necessary?

The Internet/ the World Wide Web/ the head teacher/ the universe the world/ the sun/ the official language/ the moon/ the president the capital

Finish activity 2. Continents: Asia, Europe, Oceania; America, Antarctica Countries: China, Argentina, Australia, India, France (exceptions: The Netherlands, The Netherlands, The Lebanon)

Cities: Beijing, London, New York, Sydney, Shanghai (exceptions: The Hague) Plural and uncountable nouns in general statements: Snow is cold. Guns are dangerous.

1.Is there (a/the) computer at your school? 2.Do you have (a/the) lesson in the computer room? _ _ Finish activity 3. Choose the correct article to complete each question.

3. Can you access (an/the) Internet at school? 4. Have you got (a/ the) phone at home? 5. Have you got (a/the) computer at home? ___ _ _

1. Does ___ headmaster know how to use a computer? 2. Are___ computers important? 3. Can you access ____ Internet at school? the / Finish activity 4. Complete the sentences with the definite article if necessary.

4. You need ____ software to use a computer? 5. ____ World Wide Web is full of _____ websites. / The /

1. My neighbor asked me to go for ____ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ____ energy. ( 辽宁 2008) A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填； the D. a; the

2. It’s not ____ good idea to drive for four hours without ____ break. (2008 全国卷 II) A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the

3. We went right round to the west coast by ____ sea instead of driving across ____ continent. ( 江苏 2008) A. the; theB. 不填； the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填

4. ____ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ____ head.( 浙江 2008) A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填

5. —I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. —It is not your fault. With __ rush- hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. ( 江西 2008) A. a; a B. the; the C. 不填 ; 不填 D. 不填 ; a

6. Have you heard __ news? The price of __petrol is going up again! ( 湖南 2008) A. the; the B. 不填 ; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填 ; 不填

7. —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please? —Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. (2007 全 国卷 II) A. the; the B. the; a C. 不填 ; the D. the; 不填