短文改错 解题指导与建议 福建省金石中学 阮丹

Brainstorming 第四部分 写作 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你 修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每 句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删 除或修改。 增加：把缺词处加个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写 出该加的词。 删除： 把多余的词用斜线（ \ ）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改 后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we ’ ll live to regret it.

When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. (1/2) thought ︿ the and with

Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we ’ ll live to regret it. (2/2) serious air Many find our

短文改错该是 “ 写作 ” 部分的第一节，约为 100 个单词的短文，文中有 10 处错误，错误 类型主要包括： 一、词语 二、句型 三、逻辑 要求学生在语篇上对每个句子进行判断。

1. 名词 2. 冠词 3. 形容词与副词 4. 动词 5. 非谓语动词 1. 固定句型 2. 状语从句 3. 定语从句 4. 名词性从句 1. 代词 2. 连词

① 可数不可数 a. u.n 具体化 b. 本 u.n 却用 n.(pl.) ②名词单复数 → 主谓一致

 Papers catches fire easily.  Her novel is great success.  Children had great funs in the park.  They have made a great progress these years.  One of the first thing Bill did was to play basketball. Paper ︿ a fun things

冠词用法归纳： ① 首次提及、泛指 → 不定冠词 a/an ， 若有定语修饰限定则用定冠 the ②固定搭配：球类不加 the 、 乐器必带 the 国家不加 the 交通 / 三餐不加 a 跟 the

 What do you think of books I bought yester day?  He was absent from school because he had cold.  The America is a developed country.  He went to the countryside by a taxi with a friend. ︿ the ︿ a

① 原级比较、比较级、最高级 ② 作表语、定语 → 形容词 ; 修饰动词、形容词 → 副词 ③形似副词的形容词 friendly, lovely, lively, ugly ④些许词义词性要记清： (adj. 难、 adv. 刻苦 \adv. 几乎不 ) (adj. 坏的 \adv. 非常、在很大程度上 ) (prep. 接近 \ adv. 几乎 ) (adj. 身体状况良好的、 adv. 好 ) hard\hardly bad\badly near\nearly well

 He felt very sadly to hear that his friend died in the accident.  The school is bad in need of some new computers.  He had an operation yesterday and feels good today.  In some places you may borrow many books as you want. sad badly well ︿ as

① 介词的基本用法（如， for 表原因， to 表方向, through 用于空间, across 用于平面） ② 动词及物、不及物要确定，如 talk, wait 等 ③ 介词短语常常考，固定搭配要牢记（动词词组、形 容词词组的介词搭配） ④ 介词后跟宾语，结合语境细推敲，动词要用 V-ing

 We do not get much time to talk about together.  I’m writing to thank you with your kind help.  He was looking for a glass the cupboard.  I’m looking forward to receive your letter.  I’m listening carefully but I can’t hear from you. for ︿ in receiving

① 动词时态要牢记。 → 着眼语篇，识 “ 变异 ” 。（通常整篇都是过去， 突然一个句子用现在时） ② 动词语态 和（虚拟）语气

 Today it is easier to be healthy than it is in the past.  Sorry, I don’t recognize you just now.  I finished my homework before I left school.  The piece of cloth is felt hard.  It is high time you leave for Shanghai.  The judge insisted that the spy was put in prison.  If he hadn’t been caught in the storm yesterday, he will not be ill now. was didn’t ︿ had leaved be would 从句对过去虚拟 had done 主句对现在虚拟 would do

① V-ing 主动、进行须牢记 ② V-ed 被动、完成要谨记 ③ 不定式用作定语、补语、表目的

 They had a hard time make money.  Yesterday I had my bad tooth pulling out.  The time passes quickly. Evening came.  Following by the officers, the general inspected the army.  Judge by what he wears, he is a farmer.  This problem need reconsidered.  We can’t wait celebrate his coming! making pulled passed Followed Judging reconsidering ︿ to

 固定句型：强调句型、 there be 句型  状语从句连接词  定语从句关系词  名词从句 what 区 ( 别于 )which

 It didn’t matter that I would win the match or not.  That he is looking for is a dictionary.  It is the tallest tower which can be seen far away.  It is said, he has left for Germany. whether What that As

 The boy is interested in which I am telling.  The words what you said surprised me.  I was about to answer the phone while the lights went out.  They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. what that/which when There

① 代词 常出题型： a. 女性代词指代男性或相反 b. 单数指代复数 c. 代词词性误用 ② 连词： and 、 or 、 but 、 so 等并列连词的误 用

Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take care of it. Here is my dog. It’s name is Petty. Don’t lose your heart. Try again. It looks as if my parents treated me as a visitor and a guest. Mr. Smith did her best to make me feel at home. The food was expensive and the service was good. Most people can quickly get help since they are ill. them Its or his but when

归纳总结 → 平时固定需牢记 → 需时逻辑要理清 → 除了句型与搭配 → 文章要义着语篇

Thank you!