現在完成式 1. 表示到目前的經驗 2. 到目前已完成或未完成的動作 3. 某事到目前持續多久

現在完成式公式(一 ) 1. 主詞 + have / has + + p.p. just (剛剛) already (已經) ever (曾經) never(從不) not (否定) yet once twice 數字+times 1. 主詞 + have / has + + p.p.

主詞 + have / has + p.p. I ______ just _______ it. (我剛剛完成它。) I have just finished it. I ______ already _______ it once. (我已經讀過它一次。) I have already read it once.

動詞的三主要部分 The Three Principal parts of the Verbs 原式或現在式(Present Form) 過去式 (Past Form) 過去分詞 (Past Participle) *依動詞變化分： A. 規則動詞 (原式V+ed = 過去式/過去分詞) play played played B. 不規則動詞 (**務必熟記) a. A-A-A 型 b. A-B-B A-B-A型 c. A-B-C 型

a. A-A-A 型 cost cut hit hurt let read set put

a. A-A-A 型 cost cut hit hurt let read set put

b. A-B-B A-B-A 型 Verb Past Past Participle say catch teach buy bring think hear said said caught caught taught taught bought bought brought brought thought thought heard heard

b. A-B-B A-B-A 型 Verb Past Past Participle have/has make lend spend sit get lose had had made made lent lent spent spent sat sat got got lost lost

b. A-B-B A-B-A 型 Verb Past Past Participle be feel find leave run come become was/were been felt felt found found left left ran run came come became become

c. A-B-C 型 Verb Past Past Participle sing drink begin swim speak steal break sang sung drank drunk began begun swam swum spoke spoken stole stolen broke broken

c. A-B-C 型 Verb Past Past Participle choose bite wear ride write take know chose chosen bit bitten wore worn rode ridden wrote written took taken knew known

c. A-B-C 型 Verb Past Past Participle grow blow/throw eat see go do give grew grown blew/threw blown/thrown ate eatten saw seen went gone did done gave given

have/has + p.p. Have/has 是 助動詞 p.p. 過去分詞 為句中的 Verb 動詞 Ex. 我已經寫完這封信。 I have already written this letter.

現在完成式公式(一 ) 1. 主詞 + have / has + + p.p. just (剛剛) already (已經) ever (曾經) never(從不) not (否定) yet once twice 數字+times 1. 主詞 + have / has + + p.p. ※just 只能放在過去分詞(p.p.)之前；yet通常放句尾；already 可放句尾或p.p.之前。

現在完成式公式( 二) for + 一段時間 用於現在完成式 或過去式 since 常用於現在完成式 since +過去時刻 主詞 + have/has + p.p. + for + 一段時間 　　　　　　　　since +過去時刻 since + 主詞+ 過去式 for + 一段時間 用於現在完成式 或過去式 since 常用於現在完成式

現在完成式公式( 二) 我在這兩小時了。 I have been here for two hours. 自從兩點鐘我就在這了。 I have been here since two o’clock. 我已學英文三年了。 自從三年前我就學英文了。 I have learned English for three years. I have learned English since three years ago.

Exercise 1. I ______ how to swim since _______. (A) leared ; I was six (B) have learned ; last year (C) had learned ; two years ago (D) was learning ; last week Ans: (B)

Exercise 2. Sue’s family _______ their dinner, but she hasn’t. (A) were eating (B) ate (C) were eaten (D) have eaten 3. They ______ baseball because it was raining all day. (A) will play (B) didn’t play (C) hasn’t played (D) have played Ans: 2. (D) 3. (B)

常考易混淆重點 have been to & have gone to 比較 主詞 + have/has been to + 地方 表 曾經到過某地，強調〝經驗〞 主詞 + have/has gone to + 地方 表 主詞已經去了某地，強調〝動作完成〞 Mary has been to Taipei. (去過台北經驗，目前不在台北) Mary has gone to Taipei. (目前人在台北動作)

常考易混淆重點 have been to & have gone to 比較 Helen’s father _______ there several times. Helen’s father _______ Taipei already. He isn’t in Tainan. (A) has been to (B) has gone to (C) has been (D) has gone C B