冠词考点归纳 昆明第三十四中学 罗斌

冠词在表意及交流方面有其特有的功能，因而多年来在高考英语试卷上年年考到，且其考点集中在不定冠词a/an，定冠词the和零冠词即名词前没有冠词的基本用法及重要用法上。现结合高考试题就此作一归纳。

【原题再现】 Today I visited the Smiths----my first visit to a American family. （’96短文改错） a--an D The Wilsons live in ______ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _______ 17th century cottage.（’04全国） A. the; 不填            B. an; the          C. 不填; the         D. an; a 注意：a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。

一、不定冠词考点归纳 1、不定冠词位于抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化。 【原题再现】 B a/an用于不可数的抽象名词或物质名词前，表示“一种…”之类的意思时，往往有一形容词或介词短语来修饰该抽象名词或物质名词。常用的抽象名词有：feeling，honor，joy，pity，pleasure，surprise，knowledge，danger，disappointment，failure，help，success，pressure等。 【原题再现】 --How about ______ Christmas evening party? --I should say it was _____ success .(’ 07福建) A. a; a B. the; a C. a; / D. the; / B

2、不定冠词位于专有名词前，使专有名词普通化。 A Many people agree that ____ knowledge of English is a must in ____ international trade today. (NMET’96) A. a/X B. the/an C. the/the D. X/the 2、不定冠词位于专有名词前，使专有名词普通化。 --Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith ? --Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t ____ Mr. Smith here. (’ 06全国I) / B. a C. the D. on --John , there is ____ Mr. Wilson on the phone for you . --I’m in _____ bath. (04’全国) A. a; the B. the; a C. a; / D. the; / B

3、 不定冠词用在某些不可数名词前，表示“一份”、“一种”或“一阵（场）”。如：a  coffee，a tea，a fog，a rain，a snow，a wind等。 Towards _____ morning, _____ heavy rain began to fall. A. the; a     B. a; a      C. the; /    D. the; the 4、 不定冠词与序数词连用表示“又一”。 C Give it _____ second thought and you’ll find it wise to accept ___ job. A. the; the    B. a; a    C. a; the D. the; a 5、不定冠词用于固定习语中。 have a look at，have a history (knowledge/population) of，have a good time/ in a hurry，in a minute，all of a sudden，pay a visit to，keep an eye on，give sb a hand等。

How about taking ____ short break ? I want to make _____ call .(’ 07四川) the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a I wanted to catch _____ early train, but couldn’t get ____ ride to the station .(’ 07天津) A. an; the B. /; the C. an; / D. the; a D D

二、定冠词考点归纳 1、定冠词用在表特指的单数、复数名词以及不可数名词前，指前面已经提到过或说话双方都能体会到或明白的人或物，或有一个定语明确地限制其范围或确定其为某一具体的人或物。 C I like ____ color of your skirt . It is ____ good match for your blouse.(’ 07浙江) A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (NMET’98 短文改错) 在captain前加the

2、定冠词用在单数名词前，从整体上表示一类人或物。 【原题再现】 Alexander Bell invented ____ telephone in 1876. (NMET’91) X B. a C. the D. one When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to ____ hotel; I can find you ____ bed in my flat . (’ 04全国) A. a; the B. the; / C. the; a D. a; / C C

3、在下列情况下，通常要用定冠词the。 【原题再现】 C C （1）序数词前；（2）形容词最高级前；（3）方位名词前；（4）乐器前；（5）太阳、地球等天体前；（6）江、河、湖、海、海峡、山脉等地理名称前。 【原题再现】 Paper money was in ____ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _____ thirteenth century. (NMET’99) the/X B. the/the C. X/the D. X/X Alice is fond of playing ____ piano while Henry is interested in listening to _____ music. (MET’89) A. X/the B. X/X C. the/X D. the/the C C

4、the+形容词/分词，表示“一类人”。the+姓氏的复数形式表示“某某一家人”。 D Summers in ___ south of France are for ___ most part dry and sunny. (’00春季) A. X/a B. the/X C. X/X D. the/the We may be one family and live under a same roof. (NMET’01短文改错) a--the 4、the+形容词/分词，表示“一类人”。the+姓氏的复数形式表示“某某一家人”。 B --Could you tell me the way to _____ Johnson’s please? --Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village .(’07全国II) the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / In China the old ____________.（自编题） is taken good care of B. are taken good care of C. are taken good care D. is taken good care B

beat/hit/knock/pat/strike sb. +in/on the+部位。 5、 固定句型： beat/hit/knock/pat/strike sb. +in/on the+部位。 catch/grasp/pull/take/seize sb. by the +部位。 The+比较级…，the+比较级… 越…就越… 我非常生气，在他脸上狠狠地打了一下。 I was so angry that I hit him in the face heavily. 警察抓住了小偷的手。 The policeman caught the thief by the hand. 你们的成绩越差，我就越着急。 The worse your scores are, the worried I feel.

6、 固定词组 at the age of，the other day，on the way to，with the help of，make the best use of，be in the habit of，the top of the town，at the very beginning，by the hour，at the end of，in the end C Many people are still in ____ habit of writing silly things in _____ public places .(’93) A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the

三、零冠词考点归纳 1、泛指的复数名词及不可数名词前不用冠词。 A B Beyond ____ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but _____ space. (NMET’96) the/X B. X/the C. X/X D. the/the Most animals have little connection with ___ animals of ___ different kind unless they kill them for food. (NMET’00) A. the/a B. X/a C. the/the D. X/the B

2、学科名词、季节、一日三餐、球类运动前不加冠词。 C She is ___ newcomer to ____ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries. (NMET’94) A. X/X B. the/X C. a/X D. a/the 3、表示头衔、职务的名词如captain, chairman, head, president, monitor等作表语、补语、同位语时不加冠词。作主语时应加冠词。 B Lincoln was elected ____ President of ____ United States in 1860. the; the B. /; the    C. a; /       D. /; / ______ president was satisfied with the talks. A. A B. The C. / D. An B

4、在turn后面作表语的单数可数名词须省略不定冠词a/an。 十年之后，他成为了一位警察，而我却成了一位老师。 Ten years later, he turned policeman while I became a teacher. 6、固定词汇 at daybreak (noon/dawn/midnight)，by bus (car/bike)，by mistake，go to church，in bed，at table，be in hospital，in silence，in peace，hand in hand，face to face，in need of，make room for，make use of，take (leave) office，business，in uniform，in debt

–Where is Jack? --I think he is still in ___ bed, but he might just be in ____ bathroom. (NMET’92) X/X B. the/the C. the/X D. X/the If you go by ___ train , you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get ____ fast one.(’ 05全国II) A. the; the B. /; a C. the; a D. /; / D B

1. Alexander German Bell invented _____ telephone in 1876 . (91’) A. / B. a C. the D. one 2. ----Where’s Jack ? ---- I think he’s still in ____ bed , but he might just be in ____ bathroom . (92’) A. / ; / B. the ; the C. the ; / D. / ; the 3. Many people are still in ____ habit of writing silly things in _____ public places .(93’) A. the ; the B. / ; / C. the ; / D. / ; the 4. She is _____ newcomer to _____ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries .(94’) A. the ; the B. the ; / C. a ; / D. a ; the 5. ---- I’d like _____information about the management of your hotel , please . ----Well , you could have _____ word with the manager . He might be helpful . (95’) A. some ; a B. an ; some C. some ; some D. an ; a

6. Many people agree that ____ knowledge of English is a must in ____international trade today . (96’) A. a ; / B. the ; an C. the ; the D. / ; the 7. ---- Have you seen ____ pen ? I left it here this morning . ---- Is it ____ black one ? I think I saw it somewhere . (97’) A. a ; the B. the ; the C. the ; a D. a ; a 8. Paper money was in _____ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ___ thirteenth century . (99’) A. the ; / B. the ; the C. / ; the D. / ; / 9. Most animals have little connection with ______ animals of ____ different kind unless they kill them for food . (00’) A. the ; a B. / ; a C. the ; the D. / ; the 10. The warmth of ____ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ____ wool used . (01’) A. the ; the B. the ; / C. / ; the D. / ; /

11. Jumping out of _____ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _____ exciting experience .(02’) A. / ; the B. / ; an C. an ; an D. the ; the 12. The sign reads “In case of ____ fire , break the glass and push ____ red button .” (03’) A. / ; a B. / ; the C. the ; the D. a ; a 13. When you come here for your holiday next time , don’t go to ____hotel ; I can find you ____bed in my flat . (04’全国) A. a ; the B. the ; / C. the ; a D. a ; / 14. --- John , there is ____ Mr Wison on the phone for you . ---- I’m in _____ bath . (04’全国) A. a ; the B. the ; a C. a ; / D. the ; / 15. If you go by ___ train , you can have quite a comfortable journey , but make sure you get ____ fast one .(05’全国II) A. the ; the B. / ; a C. the ; a D. / ; /  

1. ----Hello , could I speak to Mr. Smith ? ---- Sorry , wrong number . There isn’t ____ Mr. Smith here . (06’全国I) A. / B. a C. the D. one 2. I know you don’t like _____ music very much . But what do you think of ____ music in the film we saw yesterday ? (06’全国II) A. / ; / B. the ; the C. the ; / D. / ; the 3.----Could you tell me the way to _____ Johnsons please? ----Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village .(07’II) A. the ; the B. the ; a C. / ; the D. the ; / 4.I looked under ____ bed and found ____ book I lost last week .(07’北京) A. the ; a B. the ; the C. / ; the D. the ; / 5.I wanted to catch _____ early train , but couldn’t get ____ ride to the station .(07’天津) A. an ; the B. / ; the C. an ; / D. the ; a 6.Many people have come to realize that they should go on ____ balanced diet and make _____ room in their day for exercise .(07’江西) A. a ; / B. the ; a C. the ; the D. / ; a 7. Polar bears live mostly on ____ sea ice , which they use as ____ platform for hunting seals.(07’湖南) A. a ; a B. a ; the C. / ; a D. the ; / 8.In ____ film Cast Away , Tom Hanks plays ____ man named Chuck Noland .(07’陕西) A. a ; the B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; a

9. How about taking ____ short break. I want to make _____ call A. the ; a B. a ; the C. the ; the D. a ; a 10.George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson , but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _____ church .(07’重庆) A. / ; the B. the ; / C. a ; / D. / ; a 11.I like ____color of your skirt . It is ____ good match for your blouse .(07’浙江) A. a ; the B. a ; a C. the ; a D. the ; the 12.----How about ______ Christmas evening party ? ----I should say it was _____ success .(07’福建) A. a ; a B. the ; a C. a ; / D. the ; / 13. Christmas is _____ special holiday when _____ whole family are supposed to get together .(07’辽宁) A. the ; the B. a ; a C. the ; a D. a ; the 14. We have every reason to believe that _____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be _____ success .(07’江苏) A. / ; a B. the ; / C. the ; a D. a ; a 15._____ walk is expected to last all day , so bring ____ packed lunch .(07’山东) A. A ; a B. The ; / C. The ; a D. A ; /