高考英语复习 语法讲解 之 数词

热身练习 1. _______ trees were planted on the mountain last year. 　A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Five thousand of D. Five thousands. 2．______ of the students are girls in our class． A．Two three B．Two threes C．Two thirds D．Second three 3.----When was he born? ----he was born on ________. A. second of October B. the October three C. October the second D. three of October

【考点直击】 1、由数词加名词共同作定语或 表语的用法。 2、hundred / thousand / million / billion的用法。 3、“一年半”的两种表示方式。 4、分数的表示方式。

什么叫数词? 　表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。

基数词的构成 1）1－12有各自独立的形式。 2）13-19都是相对应3－9加上teen构成，特 殊拼写的词有thirteen, fifteen, eighteen。 3）20－90都以-ty结尾，特殊拼写的有 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty。 4）21－99,整数十位数＋各位数，中间有 “－”。 5）百位数，由百位数＋and+两位数组成。 ……

注： 1、1000以上几个的词，每三位数加一个逗号，第一个逗号前的数为thousand，第二个逗号前的数为million（百万）, 第三个逗号前的数为billion（十亿），第四个逗号前的数为trillion（万亿） 888，888，888，888 eight hundred and eighty-eight billion, eight hundred and eighty-eight million, eight hundred and eighty-eight thousand, eight hundred and eighty-eight billion

2、基数词常与名词构成的合成词在句中作定语，中间要用连字符 “_”，这个名词只用单数形式． a two hundred – word report a seven-day holiday a 3 – year – old girl

基数词的用法 1、表示一个具体数字时，hundred, thousand, million，billion一律不用复数；在表示一个不 确定数字时则用复数。例如： 1) Our country has a population of 1,300 million people. 2) There are three thousand students in our school. 3) After the war, thousands of people became homeless. 4) Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the world.

2、在一些表示“一排”或“一组”的词组里； 如：They arrived in twos and threes.　 他们三三两两的到达了。

1）He is in his early thirties． 2）He died still in his forties． 3、表示“……十”的数词的复 数形式可用来表示“几十岁” 或年代，例如： 1）He is in his early thirties． 2）He died still in his forties． 3）This took place in 1930s．

4、表示时刻用基数词。例如： We get up at six. The workers begin work at eight. （1）表示“几点过几分”，用介词past,但须在半小时以内。例如： ten past ten, a quarter past nine, half past twelve

（2）表示“几点差几分”用介词to, 但分数须 在半小时以上。例如： twenty to nine, five to eight, a quarter to ten 表示“几点几分”还可直接用基数词。例如： seven fifteen, eleven thirty, nine twenty

注意下列习惯表达方式： half an hour half a kilo one hour and a half= one and a half hours two and a half kilos = two kilos and a half one or two days = one day or two eighty meters long one thousand miles away five meters deep ( wide/ tall/ high/long) five meters in depth / width/ height/ length

序数词的构成 1）1－3分别为first,second,third 。 2）4－19都是在后面加上th,特殊的有 fifth, eighth, ninth,twelfth。 3）20－90把y变成ie然后加th,如twentieth。 4）21－99的序数词变后面的各位数。 序数词可以用缩写，如1st, 2nd, 3rd ,4th…

序数词的用法 （1）序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词，例如： The first truck is carrying a food baskets． John lives on the fifteenth floor．

（2）序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一”这样的意思，例如： We'll have to do it a second time． Shall I ask him a third time？ When I sat down，a fourth man rose to speak．

（3）表示年，月，日时， 年用基数词表示，日用序数词表示。例如： 1949年十月一日读作: October (the) first, nineteen forty-nine 2004年九月十日读作： September (the) tenth, two thousand and four

*76/92 seventy-six over ninety-two 1/4 one-fourth; 2/3 two-thirds; 1/2 a(one)half; 1/4 1(one)quarter; 3/4 three-quarters; *76/92 seventy-six over ninety-two

When did you first see him? Which horse came in first? （5）序数词也可以用作副词， When did you first see him? Which horse came in first? （6）基数词也能表示顺序，如书刊的页的数目，住所、房间、教室、电话号码等等。 Page Eight, Room 304，Class Seven,

7）倍数表示法 主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+ as + adj. + as I have three times as many as you.　 我有你三倍那么多。

（8） 序数词前面一般要加the,但是也有不加的情况，这个时候表示 “又一，再一”的意思。 They had a second child in 1988. 上面的a second 可以用another 代替。

(9) 在…世纪： in the twenty-first century in the nineteenth century

1. (2004年上海市徐汇区试题) About ________ students in our class can describe that place in English. A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths 答案：A。该题考查的是分数的表示法。分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母应加-s，因此应选A。

2. (2004年河北省试题) Nine _______ pounds a week? That’s very good. A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. hundreds D. hundred 答案：D。该题考查的是数词的用法。Nine hundred是一个具体的数量，这是数词不能用复数形式，后面也不能加of。所以应选D。

1. It is said that SARS has killed more than ________ people worldwide. A. three hundreds B. three hundreds’ C. three hundred’s D. three hundred 2. ---How many workers are there in your factory? ---There are two __________. A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of 3. ---Which is the smallest number of the four? ---_______________. A. Two-thirds B. A half C. A quarter D. Three-fourths

4. ---What do you think of a war, Li Ming? ---I’ve no idea. But it’s a fact that _______ people had to leave their hometown during the War on Iraq. A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. several thousands 5. We all think that the _______ century will bring us more hopes. A. twenty-first B. twentieth-first C. twenty-one D. twentieth-one

6. ---Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six? ---Yes, it is __________. A. 856620 B. 85626 C. 58662 D. 58626 7. When was the PRC founded? It was founded on _________. A. July 1, 1921 B. October 1, 1949 C. August 1, 1927 D. May 1, 1922

8. I was 8 years old when my father was 31. This year my father is twice my age. How old am I? A. 21 B. 22 C. 23 D. 24 9. _______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympics. A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of 10. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _______one. A. three B. third C. forth D. /