高考英语听力测试与备考 佟文柱.

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高考英语听力测试与备考 佟文柱

一、高考英语听力试题分析 二、高考英语听力备考 1. 选材 2. 设题 3. 录音 1. 影响听力理解的因素 2. 听力材料的选取 3. 听力训练的指导

一、高考英语听力试题分析

1. 选材 (1)对话和独白具有明显的口语特征 (2)话题广泛,涉及英语国家社会生活的各个方面 (3)材料具有非测试状态下语言运用的真实性 (4)每段对话或独白的语境相对完整 (5)语法结构简单,多为简单句 (6)所用词汇为高频词汇,总词数约800

年 份 第一节 第二节 Text 1 Text 2 Text 3 Text 4 Text 5 Text 6 Text 7 Text 8 Text 9 Text 10 2011 戏剧 找宾馆 约定 时间 远足 看电影 生日 聚会 度假 二手烟 城市 生活 做梦 2010 周末 计划 T恤衫价格 周日 活动 银行营业时间 宾馆 服务 租房 旅行 归来 电话 留言 交通 事故 校园 参观 2009 购物 住宿 邀请 工作 确认 座位 个人 经历 学校 机场 趣事 2008 天气 人物 演员 论文 照看 婴儿 空气 污染 借车 课程 2007 喝茶 接人 开会 歌手 礼物 找工作 新居 上班 语言 学习 2006 买票 登机 送电脑 穿衣 打电话 住宾馆 接待 访客 学话 2005 报告 室友 找人 加班 换工作 业余 爱好 出行 家人 关系

2. 设题 (1)考查要点 年 份 理解主旨和要义 获取事实性的 具体信息 对所听内容作出简单推断 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度 2011 10 6 2010 1 14 5 2009 13 2008 4 2007 2006 8 2005 12

理解主旨和要义(Listening for gist) What are the two speakers talking about? A. A family holiday. B. A business trip. C. A travel plan. What is the talk mainly about? A. The history of the school. B. The courses for the term. C. The plan for the day.

获取事实性的具体信息(Listening for detail) What was the normal price of the T-shirt? A. $15. B. $30. C. $50. Where did Rachel go? A. Spain. B. Italy. C. China.

对所听内容作出简单推断 (Inferring) Where are the speakers? A. In a store. B. In a classroom. C. At a hotel . Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. At home.

What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper? A. His wife. B. His boss. C. His secretary. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. They are friends. B. They are strangers to each other. C. They are husband and wife.

理解说话者的意图、观点和态度(Comprehending the speaker) What does the woman mean? A. Cathy will be at the party. B. Cathy is too busy to come. C. Cathy is going to be invited. What does the woman think about the man’s idea? A. It’s interesting. B. It’s worth trying. C. It’s impractical.

(2)答案分布 年 份 答案邻近分布 答案数量分布 A B C 2011 CABBACBACBCAABCCABAC 7 6 2010 BBABCACAABCACCBBCBCA 2009 CBACACBACBCBBCCACABB 5 8 2008 BACABACCAACCBBCABBAC 2007 BABACCACBBACABBCABCC 2006 BCAACCAACABBABBCABBC 2005 BACBCABABCACABAACBBC

(3)题干与选项 题干和选项较简短(题干约7.2词,选项约3.5词) 选项的排列有规则 选项语法结构一致 A. To sleep better. B. To recover from illness. (选项由短到长) C. To stay away from their problems. A. A family holiday. B. A business trip. (选项由长到短) C. A travel plan.

A. 5:20. B. 5:10. (数字由大到小) C. 4:40. A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 3:00 pm. (数字由小到大) C. At 4:00 pm. A. Help set the table. B. Have a party. (选项长—短—长) C. Do their homework.

A. In a hotel. B. In a classroom. (选项短—长—短) C. At a hotel.

3. 录音 年 份 词数 累计时间 (一遍) 平均语速 第一节 第二节 合计 2011 136 730 866 5'57'' 146wpm 2010 157 692 849 5'33'' 153wpm 2009 122 639 761 4'19" 176wpm 2008 116 575 691 4'47" 145wpm 2007 130 511 641 4'27" 144wpm 2006 160 660 820 5'32" 148wpm 2005 138 627 765 5'15"

二、高考英语听力备考

语言能力 心理素质 记忆能力 听力策略 听前、听时、听后做什么,怎么做 1. 影响听力理解的因素 (1)主观因素(考生方面): 语言知识:语音、语法、词汇 语言技能:听、说、读、写 文化背景知识 心理素质 记忆能力 短时或瞬时记忆力 听力策略 听前、听时、听后做什么,怎么做

听力材料 信息量、冗余信息量 听力试题 设题角度 朗读语速 (2)客观因素(测试方面): 语言难度:陌生词汇、句子结构等    语言难度:陌生词汇、句子结构等 专有名词:人名、地名、机构名、公司名等 听力试题 设题角度 干扰项的干扰程度 推断题的多少 听力录音 朗读语速 朗读者的口音 放录音的次数

2. 听力材料的选取 (1)听力材料的来源 (Different sources of listening) 教师 (Teacher talk) 学生 (Student talk) 演讲者 (Guest speakers) 教材录音 (Textbook recordings) 广播 (Radio) 电视 (Television) 光盘 (CD, DVD) 磁带 (Tape) 歌曲 (Songs) 互联网 (The Internet)

(2)利用互联网 (Use the Internet) 在Google键入关键词: ELT listening downloads English listening listening test English conversation … (3)实用的网址 (Useful website addresses) 新闻时事网址 (News/current affairs-based): www.bbc.co.uk www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/audiointerviews www.voanews.com/english/portal.cfm www.cnn.com www.cbsnews.com www.euronews.net www.britfm.com

保持良好的心态 3. 听力训练的指导 (1)养成良好的听力习惯 (2)精听和泛听相结合 精听:逐词、逐句、逐段、逐篇反复听,听懂为止 学会用英语思维 *边听边记录 带着问题积极地听 (2)精听和泛听相结合 精听:逐词、逐句、逐段、逐篇反复听,听懂为止 泛听:听各种媒体上的,带题和不带题的,听懂大意即可 (3)训练短时或瞬时记忆能力 重复记忆法 重点记忆法 情景记忆法

听前 (Pre-listening) (4) 掌握听的微技能 (5)加强听写、听读、背诵、阅读等的训练 (6)加强高考听力题型的适应性训练 听时 (While-listening) 听后 (Post-listening) (5)加强听写、听读、背诵、阅读等的训练 听写、听读、背诵对话和独白 (6)加强高考听力题型的适应性训练 课上训练 课下训练 训练时间 训练量 (7)调整考场上的心理状态

常见听力训练题型: 1. Listen and make the best choice. 2. Listen and complete the chart/table. 3. Listen and answer the questions. 4. Listen and make notes. 5. Listen and complete the sentences. 6. Listen and practise/repeat. 7. Listen and write what you hear. 8. Listen and read. 9. Listen and mark on the map/picture. 10. Listen. What topic do the speakers discuss? 11. Listen. What are the speakers talking about? 12. Listen and tick the words/expressions you hear. 13. Listen and put the events in order. 14. Listen and find mistakes/difference. 15.Listen. Are the statements true or false? 16. listen and match the people to the statements/dialogues. 17. Listen and write answers for yourself.