Lesson 67 Volcanoes

an active volcano 活火山 a dormant volcano 休眠火山 an extinct volcano 死火山 earthquake flood typhoon tsunami storm tornado

New words study

erupt (break out suddenly and violently) The volcano erupted after years of peace. 那座火山在沉睡多年后剧烈活动起来。 足球赛后发生了暴力行为。 Violence erupted after the football match. 大街上突然发生了暴乱。 Violence has erupted on the street.

brilliant 卓越的，有才能的 splendid excellent marvelous terrific gorgeous a brilliant speaker 一位卓越的演说家 a brilliant artist 一位有才华的艺术家 splendid excellent marvelous terrific gorgeous

现场娱乐活动 live entertainment 现场直播的电视节目 live television program Living 用于生物时，指“活着” 主要做定语 living things 生物 Live 只用于物，“活的”“实况的” 现场娱乐活动 live entertainment 现场直播的电视节目 live television program

Alive “活着的，在世的” 着重状态 They were caught alive. 他们被活捉了。 他是当今最幸福的人。 He is the happiest man alive. Is there anyone alive in the office? (办公室有没活人？ 怎们没人应答呢？人都死到哪去了？) How are you? ----- Still alive and kicking. alive and kicking (1) 活蹦乱跳的，生龙活虎的 (2) 大受欢迎的，流行的

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to set up his camp very close to the volcano 他把车停在河边。 He parked the car close to the river. 别坐得离火那么近。 Don't sit so close to the fire.

Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs. manage to do sth. “设法做某事”、“努力完成某事” 强调虽然很费劲，但仍然做到／完成某事。 try to do sth. 表示“设法做某事”、“努力做某事”，但并不表示完成／做到的含义。

他试图打开那门，但打不开。 He tried to open the door but couldn't. 他设法把门打开了。 He managed to open the door. 我终于设法买了一座房子。 I finally managed to buy a house.

a river of liquid rock,一股岩浆。 她听到这个消息后，泪如泉涌。 When she heard the news, a river of tears came down her face. 第二次世界大战期间血流成河。 Rivers of blood flowed during World war Ⅱ.

It threatened to surround him completely… 眼看就要将他团团围住 他扬言要离开这个队。 He threatened to leave the team. 森林大火眼看就要将这个镇子焚毁。 The forest fire threatened to destroy the town.

to escape just in time 及时逃离 我刚好来得及赶上火车。 I caught the train just in time. 我们还来得及看演出吗？ Shall we still be in time for / to see the performance?

any man alive 任何在世的人 alive 表示“在世的”、“活着的”，通常作表语 它作宾语时必须放在被修饰的词之后： 你祖父还活着吗？ Is your grandfather still alive? 每个活着的人都有自己的烦恼。 Every man alive has his own troubles.

Grammar

表示“能力”的情态助动词及其他有关的动词 表示“能力”的 can/could 我想不起来我在什么地方见过他。 I can't remember where I've seen him. 他以为他能轻易地通过考试，结果他没通过。 He thought he could pass the exam easily, but he failed.

Jane can't swim yet. She'll be able to swim in a few months time. 用将来时的句子中表示“能力”时通常用 will be able to, 在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时用was able to而不用could 简不会游泳。再过几个月她就会游泳了。 Jane can't swim yet. She'll be able to swim in a few months time. 在彼得命令他的助手们扔掉两个沉重的食物袋之后，飞机才可以上升了。 After Peter had ordered his men to throw out two heavy food bags, the plane was then able to rise.

表示“能力”的另一种方式是用 manage to 在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时，经常代替 be able to 与 be able to相比，它更强调 “虽然困难很大，但仍能……”的含义

Lesson 68 Persistent

New words study

Persistent adj. 坚持的，不懈的 不懈的努力 persistent effort a persistent ringing of the telephone 响个不停的电话铃声 Persistence n.

fancy vt. （1）设想，想像： 想不到在这儿见到你！ Fancy meeting you here! 真想不到伊恩竟会不知道如何回答这样一个简单的问题！ Fancy Ian not knowing the answer to such an easy question!

fancy vt. （2）想要，喜欢（往往指个人爱好）： 我不爱在雨中散步。 I don't fancy going for a walk in the rain. 天气真好，我想开车去海边。 It's a fine day and I fancy driving down to the coast.

insist （1）坚持，坚决认为： 他坚持他是对的。 He insisted that he was right. 他强调这个会议的重要性。 He insists on the importance of the meeting.

insist （2）坚决主张／要求，一定要： 我坚决要求／一定要与经理谈话。 I insist on speaking to the manager. 我妻子执意要我理发。 My wife insists that I have my hair cut.

Wonder 口语练习 I am just wondering … 我在想怎么才能在老师回来之前进到办公室里。 I am just wondering how to get into the office before teacher comes back. I wonder if / whether : request in a polite way 不知道我是否能邀请你与我共进晚餐 I wonder if I can ask you to dinner with me. 我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。 I wonder why James is always late for school.

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She ran after the thief shouting out for help. I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. （2）running 引导的是分词短语，作状语，修饰 came，表示伴随状况： 她一边追赶小偷，一边大声喊叫求助。 She ran after the thief shouting out for help.

他们设法躲过了一起汽车撞车事故／避免了将车撞在墙上。 I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. （1）avoid 以及本课中出现的 enjoy, fancy, mind, finish等动词后面只跟名词性的宾语，即只跟名词或动名词： 他们设法躲过了一起汽车撞车事故／避免了将车撞在墙上。 They managed to avoid a car crash/crashing their car into the wall. A

It was no use pretending that I had not seen him. it是先行主语，真正的主语是 pretending 引导的动名词短语。 It is (of) no use doing…是个固定结构\表示“做……也是徒劳的／无益的”： 为你的家人担心是无益的。 It is (of) no use worrying about your family.

It was no use pretending that I had not seen him It is (of) no use doing…是固定结构 (of可省略) 表示“做……也是徒劳的／无益的”： 为你的家人担心是无益的。 It is (of) no use worrying about your family.

No matter how busy you are… no matter可与疑问词 (how, who, when, where, what等)一起引导让步从句，表示“无论” 无论你到哪里，都无法忘记自己的家。 No matter where you go, you can't forget your home. 无论我说什么，都似乎说得不当。 No matter what I say, I seem to say the wrong thin.

prevent表示“阻止／制止”时其结构为 prevent sb. from doing sth. from可以省略： I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning. think of在这里的含义是“想出” way在这里表示“办法” prevent表示“阻止／制止”时其结构为 prevent sb. from doing sth. from可以省略： 你如果想去，我无法阻止。 I can't prevent you from going if you want to.

Would you mind my coming with you? Would/ Do you mind…? 是一个用来表示客气的请求或征求意见的结构 表示“同意／不介意”时 用“No, not at all”或“Certainly not”来回答 不同意时往往用一些委婉的说法 如“ I'm sorry, but…”等回答 不用“yes, I do”

How to refuse others correctly?

I am sorry to turn you down. 我很抱歉必须拒绝你。 Turn sb. down 就是拒绝别人的要求。 I'll think about it. 让我再想想看 要回答的问题时，你就可以说： There is nothing to talk about.

That's very kind of you, but I'm afraid that I'm tied up on Saturday. 非常感谢, 可是恐怕我周六没时间。 That's very kind of you, but I'm afraid that I'm tied up on Saturday. 我很想去，但是我下周六的日程己经安排满了。 I'd really like to, but I'm already booked up for next Saturday. 我真希望能去，但是我周六和别人约好了。 I wish I could, but I have an appointment on Saturday.

Grammar

I like watching TV. 我喜欢看电视。（一般行为） I'd like to watch TV. 我（现在）想看电视。（特定）

I tried to avoid meeting him. 我试图避开他。 avoid, admit, deny, fancy, finish, enjoy, mind，suggest, stand（容忍）等动词后接动名词，不能接不定式 I tried to avoid meeting him. 我试图避开他。 I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. 我就怕遇到奈杰尔·戴克斯。 我还没有说完。 I haven't finished speaking yet.

I'm busy making meat pies. He insisted on paying. busy, worth, it is no/little use, bored with, interested in, insist on, prevent…from等结构通常也要接动名词 我正忙着做肉馅饼。 I'm busy making meat pies. 他坚持要付钱。 He insisted on paying. 我对表演感兴趣。 I'm interested in acting.

Come dancing this evening. come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词（climbing, driving, fishing, riding, shopping, walking等）表示建议、邀请或叙事 今晚来跳舞吧。 Come dancing this evening. 昨天我们去钓鱼了。 Yesterday we went fishing. 为什么我们不去游泳呢？ Why don't we go swimming?

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