中考语法

Chapter 1 Tense and Voice

一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 Tense have been studying make is making have made had been making 过去 made was making had made will be making will have made will have been making 将来 will make would be making would have made would have been making 过去将来 would make

Time Line 过去某个时间的行为 说话在做、最近在做 一般过去时 现在进行时 过过 过去 现在 将来 将将 一般现在时 习惯、真理

Time Line 过去某段时间进行的动作 将来某个时间要发生 过去进行时 一般将来时 过过 过去 现在 将来 将将

Time Line 现在完成 动作已完成 延续到现在某一时间 过去 过去 现在

Time Line 过去完成 动作已完成 延续到过去某一时间 过过 过过 过去

Time Line 将来完成 延续到将来某一时间 动作已完成 现在 将来 将来 将将 They will have been married for 20 years by then. You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.

Time Line 过去的将来 过去将来时 过过 过去 现在 将来 将将 现在完成进行时 持续到现在，还在做

经常性或习惯性动作 日常行为 一般现在时 真理或不变的事实 主将从现 按计划将会发生

经常性或习惯性动作 P2-1) 补充 常见的频率副词 请完成P2 1） always usually often frequently sometimes seldom rarely hardly never not often not very often

经常性或习惯性动作 P2-1) In Shanghai, many people with time and money often spend their weekends on farms in the countryside. In Shanghai, many people who have both money and time often spend their weekends on farms in the countryside. 在上海许多有钱有闲的人经常在郊区的农庄过周末。

按计划将会发生 P2-2) 补充 这种用法多用在谈论时刻表、节目单、日程表。 通常要配合表示将来的时间状语。 The train arrives at 8:30 and leaves at 8:45. 这次车8:30到，8:45离开。 请完成P2 2）

按计划将会发生 P2-2) The high-speed train leaves for Beijing at 9 am. CRH (China Railway Highspeed) 这列高速列车早上9点出发去北京。

日常行为 P2-3) My brother studies law in a university. 我的兄弟在大学里学习法律。 Mrs Park always buys flour at the grocer’s. 帕克太太总是到杂货店买面粉。 请完成P2 3）

Every day, I first eat breakfast at home, then I walk to work. 日常行为 P2-3) Every day, I first eat breakfast at home, then I walk to work. 每天我先在家吃早饭，再步行上班。

真理或不变的事实 P2-4) Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 It is the duty of everybody to obey the law. 遵守法律是每个人的义务。 请完成P2 4）

真理或不变的事实 P2-4) Leaves turn from green to yellow in autumn. Green leaves turn yellow in autumn. 叶子在秋天由绿变黄。

主将从现 P2-5) 补充 条件状语从句 时间状语从句 主将从现 地点状语从句 比较状语从句

主将从现 P2-5) If it rains tomorrow, we shall stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们就呆在家里。 As soon as the rain stops, we shall go out. 雨一停，我们就出去。

P2-5) 补充 主将从现 Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions. 在有问题的地方做记号。 The sooner we start, the earlier we will get there. 我们越早动身，就越早到达。 请完成P2 5）

主将从现 P2-5) I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就给你打电话。 I will buy you an iPad from the Apple Store if I have time to go shopping in New York 如果我在纽约有时间购物，我会帮你去苹果店买个iPad。 请完成P2 考题1、考题2及特别结构。

It is a long time since I saw you last time. 特别结构 P2 底部 It is a long time since I saw you last time. 好久不见。

说话当下正在进行的动作 最近一段时间在做的动作 与频率副词连用，表示情感 现在进行时 P2 表达关切、礼貌、赞美 即将发生的动作

The Greens are watching a football game on TV now. 说话当下正在进行 P2 底部 The Greens are watching a football game on TV now. 格林一家正在看电视上播出的足球比赛。 说话当下

Henry is working in the post office now. 说话当下正在进行 P3 顶部 Henry is working in the post office now. 亨利现在在邮局工作。 现阶段正在进行（此刻不必一定在做）

My foot/feet is/are hurting, I can't work right now. 现在进行时 P3-顶部 请完成P3 1）&2） My foot/feet is/are hurting, I can't work right now. 我脚正痛(hurt)呢，不能干活。

杰克眼下在办公室里日子不好过，每天要抽50来根烟。 现在进行时 P3-顶部 请完成P3 1）&2） Jack’s having a hard time at the office at the moment and he’s smoking about fifty cigarettes a day. 杰克眼下在办公室里日子不好过，每天要抽50来根烟。

与频率副词连用 P3-3) 请完成 P3 3） She is always complaining. 她总是抱怨别人。 He is forever finding fault with me. 他总是挑我的毛病。

You are always nagging me like my mom. 与频率副词连用 P3-3) You are always nagging me like my mom. 你老是像我妈一样唠叨我。

表达关切、礼貌、赞美 P3-4) 那一句最委婉？ I wondered if I might ask you a question. I am wondering if I might ask you a question. I was wondering if I might ask you a question. 现进时也可以使语气客气、委婉，但是不如过进那样柔和。

表示不久将来的行为，这样使用时通常有时间状语。 即将发生的动作 P3-5) 表示不久将来的行为，这样使用时通常有时间状语。 这样用的大多为表示运动的动词： arrive come drive fly go leave travel have start give wear ^-^

即将发生的动作 P3-5) We are giving a party next week. 下周我们要举行一次晚会。 They are arriving tonight, and are staying here for two weeks. 他们今晚会到达，并要在这呆两周。 请完成P3 5）

世博会结束了，很多志愿者下周将会离开上海。 即将发生的动作 P3-5) The Expo is finished so many volunteers are leaving Shanghai next week. 世博会结束了，很多志愿者下周将会离开上海。

1. James (live) __________ in a little village. lives 请完成P3 Exercise。 1. James (live) __________ in a little village. lives 2. He (be) __________ in his last year at school. is 3. After school, James (want) __________ to become a banker. wants 4. So this week, he (do) __________ a practical course in a bank. is doing

请完成P3 Exercise。 5. There (be) __________ a bank in a nearby town, but James (have) __________ to take the bus to get there. is has 6. The bus (leave) __________ at 5.30 in the morning and (return) __________ at 8.15 in the evening. leaves returns 7. James (not / like) __________ to spend so much time in town before and after work, waiting for the bus. doesn’t like

请完成P3 Exercise。 8. Therefore, this week he (stay) __________ with his aunt, who (live) __________ in town. is staying lives 9. James usually (wear) __________ jeans and t-shirts, but while he (work) __________ for the bank, he (wear)_____________a suit and a tie. wears is working wears

过去某个时间的行为 表示行为发生，不强调进行 一般过去时 评价历史人物 used to与would

She came home, switched on the computer and checked her e-mail. 过去某个时间的行为 P4-1) She came home, switched on the computer and checked her e-mail.

He lived there for 5 years. 表示行为发生，不强调进行 P4-2) 持续了一段时间的行为或者曾经的状态 He lived there for 5 years. He was rich 5 years ago. 请完成P4 1) & 2) 及选择题

史瑞克给了公主一个丑陋的微笑，拉起她绿色的胖手，然后温柔地吻了她一下。 表示行为发生，不强调进行 P4-1) Shrek gave the princess an ugly smile, held her fat green hand/green fat hand and kissed her gently. 史瑞克给了公主一个丑陋的微笑，拉起她绿色的胖手，然后温柔地吻了她一下。

表示行为发生，不强调进行 P4-2) When I was in Shanghai in the 1990s, I went to the art gallery every weekend. 当我1990年代在上海时，我每周末都去美术馆。

The voyage from America to France used to take two months. P4-3) used to 过去（常常） The voyage from America to France used to take two months. 从美国到法国的航行曾经需要2个月。 I used to live on junk food. 我曾经靠垃圾食品过活。

used to P4-2) used to 过去（常常） Shrek used to think an ogre like him couldn't get real love. 史瑞克曾经认为，像他这样的怪物(orge)无法得到真爱。

used to P5-4) would与used to 1. would可以表示过去的习惯。 He would sit for hours doing nothing. 他过去总是一坐几个小时，什么也不干。

used to P5-4) would与used to 1. would可以表示过去的习惯。 When we were children we would go swimming every summer in that river. 当我们还是孩子的时候，我们每年夏天都会去那条河游泳。

2. used to可以与表示状态的动词连用，would却不可以。 would与used to P5-4) 2. used to可以与表示状态的动词连用，would却不可以。 Yet，he cannot but remember China as it ______ be． used to 然而，他不会不记得旧日的中国。

3. used to强调与现在的对比，would则没有太多这层意思。 would与used to P5-4) 3. used to强调与现在的对比，would则没有太多这层意思。 People used to believe that the earth was flat． 过去，人们总以为地球是扁平的。 现在不信 He would go to the park as soon as he was free. 过去，他一有空就去公园。 现在有空也可能去。

used to主语可以为人也可以为物，would却不可以是物。 would与used to P5-4) 补充 used to主语可以为人也可以为物，would却不可以是物。

相近词组辨析 P5-中部 used to 过去（常常）做某事 get/be used to doing 习惯于做某事 被用来做某事 请完成P5 used to 习题

评价历史人物 P5-补充 For sixty years Edison was the world’s leading inventor. 着重于对本人的介绍 Edison is one of the world’s leading inventors. 着重于成果和贡献

过去某一具体时间段在做的 过去进行时 某个时间点、段正在发生的事 对反复发生的事情不满

过去某一具体时间段在做的 P5-底部 When my mom opened my door, I was playing games online. 当妈妈打开我房门的时候，我正在上网打游戏。

I ___________ all night long.（cough） 过去某一具体时间段在做的 P5-底部 I ___________ all night long.（cough） was coughing 过去某个时间段反复发生的事情。 请完成P5 考题 1

某个时间点、段正在发生的事 P6-顶部 It was a very cold night and a terrible wind was blowing. 那个是个寒冷的夜晚，而且还刮着猛烈的大风。 请完成P6 考题 2 (天津)

强调对过去反复的事情不满 P6-3) My brother was always losing his keys. 我兄弟老是要掉钥匙。 常与always/constantly/forever连用 请完成P6 Exercises 4

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