Reading The first underground in the world

一. 词组 1.drop off 2. have the distinction of 3.pick up 4. cause unbelievable traffic jams 5. convey people to 6. give approval to 7. beneath the surface of the ground 8.be postponed until accelerate the pace of

10. under the authority of 11. be responsible for 12. independent deep underground lines 13. function as 14.permit sb. to do sth. 15.undertake the job of improving the system 16.set up 17. It is convenient to sb. 18. be used as 19. lead to/result in /cause 20. in honor of 21.enlarge the system 22.pull through 23.link up

1.distinction 声誉，声望，区别，级别 e.g. I don ’ t understand your distinction: surely all painting is art? draw/make a distinction between__________ gain/win /attain distinction ______________ without distinction______________________ 对 … 加以区别 出名 无差别的，一视同仁地 完成句子 Please find out the _______________ sentence A and sentence B. 请找出句 A 和句 B 的区别。 distinction between

 2. complex adj. ______________________ It was a complex problem.  3. accelerate v. _________________ The conference accelerated the pace of educational reforms._________________ 复杂的 加速，促进 会议加速了教育改革的步伐

4. link (Line21) vi. link up: ______________________ 1.The organization's aim is to link up people from all over the country who are suffering from the disease. 2.They linked up two areas by telephone. 连接，会合，联合

5. place: v. ______________ 1) She placed a tape recorder in front of her on the table. 2) His uncooperative attitude placed us in an embarrassing situation. 3) This job places great demands on the workers, which can be quite stressful. 放置，安顿，使处于某位置

6.convey v. 运送，输送，表达 In the desert areas, camels are used to convey goods. ———————————————————— It’s hard to convey his feelings in word. ——————————————————— 在沙漠地区，骆驼被用来运送货物。 很难用一句话来表达他的感情。

7. function as:___________  My living room also functions as a study.  The room functioned as a store room for keeping all our collection.  The beautiful leaf functioned as a bookmark. 起 ….. 作用，充当，具有 ….. 功能

 require 需求，要求,  requirement n.  It’s required that everyone (should) be present on time.  在表示 “ 建议，要求，命令 ” 等动词后的从句， 要用 _____________ 。类似动词有 suggest, advise, propose, demand, order, ask, command 等。  It”s true that most house plants require________regulary. A.watered B.being watered C.watering D.to water should do c

1) require 后的宾语从句用 should 型虚拟语气。 The boss required that she (should) keep it a secret. 老板要求她对此事保密。 He required the work not be done in a haste. 2) sth + require + doing = sth + require + to be done 某物需要 …… These temples require / want / need repairing next month. = These temples require / want / need to be repaired next month. 这些庙宇下个月需要修缮。  require watering= require to be watered

9.postpone v. 推迟，延期 We had to postpone the sports meeting because of this heavy rain. put off 推迟，延期 I have to put off this meeting because of traffic jam.

10.pull through 恢复健康；完成，做成（十分困难的事） He will pull through his illness soon. It ’ s going to be tough but we ’ ll pull through it together.

11. permit (L57) Vt.________________ The regulations do not permit much flexibility. permit doing____________ permit sb. to do sth._________ The prison authorities permit visiting only once a month. 允许；准许 允许做某事 允许某人做某事

The security system will not ____________ ________( 允许你进入 ) without the correct password. permit you to enter

12.undertake v. 承担，从事，答应，保证 I could undertake the work for you. I can undertake that you will benefit from this experience.

13. Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining the ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. 分词短语 Having seen the situation 作时间状 语，因为表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动作之 前，所以用分词的完成时态。又如： Having finished her homework, she helped do the housework.

14. choke (Line8) vt. /vi 1). The child swallowed a pen and choked to death. 2) Children can choke on peanuts.  choke off_____________  choke back____________  choke up_____________ 自我检测  During the rush hours the roads are usually _____ up with traffic. A. choked B. crowded C. blocked D. checked 阻塞，使窒息，使呛 阻塞 抑制（眼泪，愤怒等） （因感情激动）而哽咽 A

 15. inconvenient adj. 意思是 _____________ 反义词 __________ n.___________  Our house is too small. My parents’ coming has brought us much _____________ A. impatience B. inconvenience C. invitation D. inaccuracy  _______________________ you now? 现在你方便吗？ 不方便的 convenient inconvenience B Is it convenient for

1.choke off / choked off 2. pull through 3. link up 4. in use 5. under repair 6. in the middle of 7. Set up 8. in honor of