Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading

Unit 2 The United Kingdom

How many countries does the UK consist of? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. How much do you know about the United Kingdom? Do this quiz with your partners: How many countries does the UK consist of? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 2. How long does it take to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow Airport? A. about 6 hours. B. about 10 hours. C. about 16 hours. 3. Who rules the country? A. The Queen. B. The Prime Minister. C. Both.

4. What are the provinces called in England? A. Counties. B. Departments. C. States. 5. Which is the longest river in England? A. the River Avon B. the River Thames C. the River Severn

Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY

Can you name the capital cities of the countries of the UK? Edinburgh 爱丁堡 England London 伦敦 Wales Cardiff 加迪夫 Scotland Northland Ireland Belfast 贝尔法斯特

Geography The United Kingdom consists of the four countries. the UK = Scotland The United Kingdom consists of the four countries. the UK = England Edinburgh Northern Ireland + Wales Belfast Wales + England Scotland Dublin + London Cardiff Republic of Ireland Northern Ireland

What is the text mainly about? A introduction to the United Kingdom about its development. B. A introduction to the United Kingdom about its culture. C. A introduction to the United Kingdom about its foundation and development based on geography, history, politics, and culture etc. Fast-Reading

Divide the passage into three parts and write down the main idea of each part. Part 1 (Para 1-3) _____________________________ Part 2 (Para 4): Part 3 (Para 5-6): _______________________________ How the UK came into being? England is divided into 3 zones. The cultural importance of London.

Careful reading: Part 1---the UK England Great Britain England the UK

Part 1---the UK the United Kingdom Great Britain Union Jack England Later, Great Britain + Northern Ireland England 17th century AD, England + Wales + Scotland the 13th century, England + Wales. first only England

How UK was formed In the 13th century AD England Wales 12

England Wales is usually assumed England. Wales was linked to England in the 13th century AD. England 演示联合王国的形成过程(How UK was formed) Wales is usually assumed (被认为是) to be part of England. 13

演示联合王国的形成过程(How UK was formed) 14

Scotland In 1603 England and Wales were joined to Scotland in 1603. 演示联合王国的形成过程(How UK was formed) England and Wales were joined to Scotland in 1603. 15

Ireland Get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom. 演示联合王国的形成过程(How UK was formed) The southern part of Ireland broke away to form its own government. 16

Only Northern Ireland joined with Britain to become the 演示联合王国的形成过程(How UK was formed) Only Northern Ireland joined with Britain to become the United Kingdom. 17

Wales, it is usually assumed to be part of England. The Union Jack flag unites the flag of three countries in the United Kingdom, which country is left out? Why? Wales, it is usually assumed to be part of England. COMPREHENDING. England Scotland Ireland Union Jack 18

In what ways are the four countries different? They are different in international relations. They have different educational and legal systems as well as football teams. What three countries does British Airways represent? England 2) Scotland 3) Northern Ireland

Part 2-England England is the largest of the countries and it is divided into three zones. the North of England the Midlands the South of England

Part 2-England England is divided into 3 zones. Most population settled in ___________________. Most of the large industrial cities are in ____________________________. Nationwide, many cities have the South of England the North and the Midlands football teams and are not large

North: Leeds, York, Manchester, Sheffield Midlands: Coventry, Birmingham South: Reading, London, Brighton, Plymouth

Part 3--London Why did capital London become the cultural center of England? There are a lot of historical treasure in London. Why are there so many historical treasures in London? London has been influenced by some invaders.

invaders The greatest historical treasure in London: Museums art collections buildings parks theatres ports castles invaders

What did they leave? Para 5--Invaders In the England history, there has been four sets of invaders. They are: ___________, _______________, ____________, ___________. the Romans the Anglo-Saxons the Vikings the Normans What did they leave?

Romans: towns and roads Anglo-Saxons: Language and government

the Vikings: the Normans: Influence the vocabulary and place-names of the North the Normans: Castles and words for food

Which group of the invaders did not influence London? The Vikings

They left…

After reading: True of false? 1. The oldest castle in London was constructed by Norman rulers in 1066. 2. London has the oldest port built by the Normans in the 1st century AD. T F Romans Para5

3. The oldest building in London was begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s. 4. The first invaders Norman left their towns and roads. 5. The Vikings influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England. T Romans F T

Complete the sentences. England Wales Scotland Northern Ireland Republic of Southern Ireland The countries that make up Great Britain are __________________________. 2. If we speak of England we mean __________________. England, Wales and Scotland England and Wales

3. The United Kingdom includes _____________________________ _____________________. 4. The part of Ireland that separated from England is called ___________________________. 5. London is the capital city of ____________________________. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Republic of Southern Ireland England/Great Britain/the UK

Organization: Fill in the blanks. UK Contains ________, ______, Scotland and _______________. In the 13th Century ______ was linked to ________. In the 17th ________ and Wales were joined to ________. England Wales Northern Ireland Wales England 文章脉络梳理. England Scotland 34

Some time later _________ Ireland broke away and _________ Ireland joined with ________ ,Wales and ________. Thus _______ come into being. England the ______ of the four countries, consists of the ______, ________ and _____ of England Southern Northern England Scotland the UK largest South Midlands North

The four groups of invaders London the greatest ________ treasure of all, has _________, art _________, theatres, parks and ________. The four groups of invaders the Romans, ____________, _______ and Normans. historical museums collections buildings Anglo-Saxons Vikings

Summary: The full name of England is the ________ ________ of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It consists of four parts, they are __________, __________, _________ and ________________. People always think ______ is a part of England. The flag of the UK is called the __________ ______. United Kingdom England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland Wales Union Jack

The four countries have different __________ and ______ _______ as well as different _________ ______. ________ is the largest of the four countries and it is _______ ____ three parts. Most of the people settled in the ________, but most of the large industrial cities in the _________ and the ______. The capital of the UK is ________, it has many great places of interest. educational legal systems football teams England divided into South Midlands North London

They brought pains to the local people, but at the same time, they also brought something new to the country, which is important for making up its history. In the history of the UK, there are some important invasions. Those invaders ruled the country for some time.

A debate Is the invasion good or bad for Britain?

A Contest 1 What is the full name of the UK? 2 How many countries does the UK consist of? 3 What are they? 4 Is Scotland the largest country in the UK? 5 Which one is the largest country? 6 How many zones are there in England? 7 What are they? 8 Which city is the greatest historical treasure? 9 Who once invaded England in history?

Language Points 1. England can be divide into three main areas. 英国可以分成三大部分。 　divide 意为“把一个整体分成若干个部分” 常与 into, among, between 搭配。 　divide into 把……分成 　divide sth. among sb.　在……中分配 divide sth. with sb.　与……分担 divide A by B　　用B除以A divide sth in/into half/halves把...分成两部分

辨: separate/divide divide 意为“分开”“分成”, 指把具有统一性 的东西分成几部分, 往往还有自然划分的意思, 并能按比例“划分”、“分隔”成若干部分 separate 意为“使分开” “使分离” “分手”, 指把原来结合在一起或混杂的东西分开, 被分隔的东西没有任何统一性, 有时含有 用暴力强行分开之意。from separate 还可以做形容词, 意为“分开的”、 “个别的”。

Have a try: divides separated separates separate divides 1) He _______ his time between work and play. 2) We talked until midnight and then __________. 3) The shop owner _________ good apples from bad ones. 4) The children sleep in __________ beds. 5) The fence ________ the garden in half. divides separated separates separate divides

6) The apple was _______ into two. 7) We _______ the money equally. 8) Oxygen can be ________ from water. 9) The Taiwan Strait ________ Taiwan from Fujian. divided divided separated separates

2. puzzle 1) n. 迷; 难题; 迷惑(只用单数) a Chinese puzzle 中国玩具 【比喻】复杂难懂之事 a cross-word puzzle 纵横填字游戏 I am in a puzzle about the matter. 我对这件事大惑不解。 常用搭配: be in a puzzle about 对……大惑不解

2) vt. 把……难住; 使……迷惑 The question puzzled me. / I am puzzled with the question. 这个问题使我很迷惑。 3) vi. 迷惑; 苦思 I puzzled over the question for quite a while. 这个问题我想了好半天。 常用搭配: puzzle sb./ be puzzled with puzzle over 苦思……

puzzle oneself (one’s brain) about sth = puzzle over sth 苦苦思索, 为……大伤脑筋 I am puzzling my brain about how to make my lesson lively and interesting. A He listened to the lecture with a ____ expression. puzzled B. puzzling C. puzzle D. being puzzled

3. People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Island. 对于用不同的语言来描述英格兰、 威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个 国家, 人们或许会感到奇怪。

wonder n. 惊奇; 惊叹 look at sth. in wonder 惊奇地看着某物 They were filled with wonder when they saw the spaceship. 当他们看到宇宙飞船时, 他们非常惊奇。 奇观; 奇迹，壮举; 奇才 the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇观 He’s a wonder. 他是个奇才。 It’s a wonder 难得; 奇怪的是 It’s a wonder you recognized me. 难得你还认得我。

wonder vi. / vt. 1) (常与at, that 连用) 觉得奇怪; 惊奇 I wonder, in England, each man speaks a different language. 我感到十分惊奇, 在英国 每个人都说着不同的语言。 I wonder at his rudeness. 我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。 2) 纳闷; 想知道 He wondered why people built ugly homes, when they could have beautiful ones. 他很奇怪为什么人们本可以造出漂亮的 房屋, 而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子来。

4. You can easily clarify any problems if you study British history. 如果你学习了英国历史, 很容易就能 弄清楚任何问题。 clarify vt./vi. 澄清, 阐明，清楚, 明了; 易懂 clarify matters/a problem/a situation 澄清真相/问题/情况

The government has time and again clarified its position on equal pay for women. 政府已经反复阐明政府对男女同工 同酬的立场。clarify one's position Could you clarify the question？ 你能解释这个问题吗？ His mind suddenly clarified. 他的头脑突然清醒了。 拓展: clarification n.

5. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. link v. link A with B/link A and B (together) The newspaper linked his name with hers. 报纸报道把他的名字和她的联系在一起。 From then on, his fate was linked to the company’s. 从那以后, 他的命运就和公司的命运连在一起 了。

The new road linked the remote town with the capital. 这条新路连接了这个偏远的小镇和首都。 link n. 联系两者的人或事物; 关系; 联系 The police thought there was a link between the two murders. 警察认为这两起谋杀案之间有联系。

6. However, the Southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. 然而, 爱尔兰的南部不愿意, 分离出去 建立了自己的政府。 1) unwilling 不愿意的; 不情愿的; 勉强的 unwilling participants 不情愿的参与者 Tony was unwilling or unable to pay the rent. 托尼不愿意或没有能力支付租金。

2) break away (from): 挣脱; 脱离; 改掉, 破除 Nowadays many farmers want to break away from rural life and make a living in cities. 现在许多农民都想离开农村到城里谋生。 美国南方各洲想脱离联邦。 The American southern states wanted to break away from the union. You should break away from the bad habit. 你应该改掉这个坏习惯。

习惯搭配: break away 挣脱, 逃脱; 脱离, 背叛 break down 抛锚, 出故障, 身体跨了 break into 闯入, 突然发出 break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾) 爆发 break off 中断 break the rules 违反规则 break the records 打破记录

break out/break down/break up/break in/break off 1) When we were out, a thief _________ our house. 2) She __________ a piece of chocolate and gave it to me. 3) Unluckily, our car ___________ on the high way. 4) The two companies decided to ___________ the partnership. 5) A big earthquake ____________ in Tangshan. broke in broke off broke down break up broke out

WORDS STORM 分分 和和 unite include get …connected join to be absorbed by 　 break away separate be left out divide

break away separate be left out divide divided separating break away 1) The whole passage can be ________ into three parts. 2) The children are ______________ the good  apples from the bad ones. 3) It is impossible for the princess to _____________ from the witch’s curse. 4) She _________ the date on the cheque (支票). separating break away left out

值得赞扬的是, 这四个国家的确在某些方面 (如货币和国际关系方面) 是合作的, 但它们还是不同的。 7. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they are still different. 值得赞扬的是, 这四个国家的确在某些方面 (如货币和国际关系方面) 是合作的, 但它们还是不同的。 to one’s credit　为……带来荣誉; 值得赞扬; 在……名下

1) credit n. 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷 He is a credit to the family. 他是家族中的光荣。 She was given the credit for what I had done.  事情是我做的, 她却受到称赞。 The bank refused further credits to the company.  银行拒绝再贷款给这家公司。 No credit is given to this restaurant. 本店概不赊账。 He earned enough credits for his degree. 他为获得学位取得了足够的学分。

To one’s credit 值得赞扬; 为某人增光。如： It is greatly to his credit that Arthur gave back the money he found. 亚瑟拾金不昧是非常值得赞扬的。 credit 也可以作动词, 表示“相信; 把……归功于” e.g. Do you credit what that politician said? 你相信那个政客说的话吗？

2) work together 合作 work 在此处的被译为“起反应, 起作用”。 由动词work构成的词组： work well 做得好 work sth. in/into sth. 设法把……加进 work at something 从事 work out 算出 work one’s will on/upon somebody 将某人的意志强加给别人

3) relation n. 关系, 联系 如： 降雨量与作物产量之间的关系 the relation between rainfall and crop production 此项目的费用与其成果不相称。 The cost of this project has no relation to the results. 亲戚, 亲属 如: 他是我的一个近亲。 He is a close relation of mine. 你们彼此之间是什么亲属关系？ What relation are you to each other?

8. England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. 在这四个国家中, 英格兰最大, 为了方便 起见, 它大致被分为了三个地区。 　convenience n. 方便, 便利 I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. 　　　　　　　　　　 为了图方便，我把参考书放在书桌前。

We bought this house for its convenience. When and where will it suit your convenience for our next meeting? Please come at your convenience. 常用搭配：for one’s convenience 为……方便 for convenience’s sake 为方便起见 at one’s convenience 在……方便的时候 convenient adj. 方便的; 便利的 常用搭配: be convenient to sb. It is convenient for sb. to do sth.

convenience n. convenient adj. 1) We bought this house for its convenience. 2) Please come at your convenience. 3) The newly-built office building is equipped with many modern conveniences. 4) Will the 3:50 train be convenient to you? n. 方便/便利 (不可数) n.便利的设施/设备(可数)

9. attract v. 吸引, 引诱 attract sb. 吸引某人 attract sb. to sth. 把某人吸引到 attract attention 引起注意 Like attracts like. 物以类聚 The concert attracted a great number of people. 音乐会吸引了很多人。 What do you think attracts people to big cities? 你认为是什么吸引人们到大城市来的?

attraction n. 1) 吸引, 引力 2) 吸引人的 东西; 喜闻乐见的东西; 精彩节目 attraction of gravity 重力 scenic/tourist attraction(s) 旅游胜地 He can’t resist the attraction of the sea on hot days.　 酷热的夏天他经不住海的诱惑。 attractive adj. 有吸引力, 诱人的

10. If you look around the British countryside, you will find evidence of all these invaders. 如果你的在英国四处走走的话，就会 发现这些入侵者的痕迹。 invader n. 入侵者; 侵略者 invade vt. 侵入; 侵略; 拥入

Hitler invaded Poland in 1939.　　　　 希特勒1939年入侵波兰。 Doubts invade my mind. 满腹狐疑　 Disease invaded the body. 疾病侵袭身体。 Holiday makers invade the seaside towns in summer.　　　　　　　　　　　 在夏季，度假者大批涌入海滨城市。

11. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. 如果想使你在英国的旅程有意义, 你必须睁大双眼。 1) 句中的keep your eyes open和make your trip worthwhile都是“动词＋宾语＋形容词作宾补” 结构。 如: He found the room open. 他发现房间是开着的。 The rain made the ground wet. 雨使地面浸湿了。

2) enjoyable adj. 愉快的, 快乐的， Water-skiing is very enjoyable. 滑水撬非常好玩(快乐)。 It was a very enjoyable dinner. 那的确是一个令人愉快的夜晚。

3) worthwhile adj. 值得做的 常用于It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.中。 I don’t think it is worthwhile. 我认为不值得做这件事。 It is worthwhile discussing/to discuss the question. 讨论一下这个问题是值得的。

辨析: worth, worthy 和worthwhile的区别 必须带名词或动名词。后接动名词时以 主动形式表达被动的意思, 接名词时须接 表示价值、代价的名词。 worthy是形容词, 在句中作表语或定语。 作表语时, 用be worthy of ＋n. / doing sth. 或 be worthy to be done 结构。 This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一读。 This dictionary is worth ten yuan. 这本字典值10元。

1) It is worthwhile to visit/visiting Hangzhou worthwhile/worth adj. 1) It is worthwhile to visit/visiting Hangzhou which is a beautiful place. 2) Hangzhou is a beautiful place which is worth visiting. 3) Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. Thank you for your worth suggestion. worth: a. ~+n./pron.(代词)/V-ing 只作表语不作定语 worthwhile a. ~+to do sth./doing sth. 既可作表语又可作定语

worthwhile/worth 1) The book is worth reading. = It is worth/worthwhile reading the book. 2) Nursing is a very worthwhile job. 3) We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets. 4) The exhibition is well worth a visit. 5) He thinks teaching foreign language is worthwhile.

12. Which country is left out? leave out 遗漏, 漏掉 e.g. Be careful not to leave out any letter when remembering words. He is left out of this name list. 删掉, 省去 e.g. You can leave out some unimportant details in your composition. 不理会, 忽视 e.g. No one speaks to him; he’s always left out.

拓展: leave…for… 离开……去…… leave alone 不管；撇下……一个人 leave aside 搁置 leave behind 留下，遗忘，遗留 leave+宾语+宾补(adj / v-ing/ v-ed ) 使……处于……状态 1) Don’t ____ me ____when you’re giving out the invitations! A. leave; out of B. leave; for C. cross ; out D. leave; out D

B C D 2) Mr. White will _____ Boston _____ Beijing tomorrow with his wife. A. leave ; out B. leave; for C. leave; / D. leave; to 3) I’m sorry for leaving you _____ in the rain for an hour. A. to wait B. waited C. waiting D. to be waited 4) In copying this paper, he is careful not to _______ any words. A. leave behind B. leave aside C. leave off D. leave out B C D

Homework 1. To Finish Exercise on page 12. 2. Find sentences with past particles in the text and get prepared for grammar study.

Thank You!