8A Unit5 Birdwatchers Grammar A 大丰市西团初级中学 吕文友 www.themegallery.com

direct object – indirect object Revision direct – indirect 直接的 –——间接的 direct object – indirect object 直接宾语 –——间接宾语 The opposites of these adjectives:形容词的反义词 happy lucky friendly honest kind possible comfortable unhappy unlucky unfriendly dishonest unkind impossible uncomfortable 8. common 9. regular 10. important 11. necessary 12. polite 13. correct 14. direct uncommon irregular unimportant unnecessary impolite incorrect indirect [də'rekt 'ɔbdʒikt ] [ində'rekt 'ɔbdʒikt ] DO IO

The parts of the sentences: Learning The parts of the sentences: 主语   谓语 直接宾语 宾语 间接宾语 表语 宾语补足语 S (Subject) V (Verb) DO (Direct Object) IO (Indirect Object) P (Predicative) OC (Object Complement) ['sʌbdʒikt] [və:b] [də'rekt 'ɔbdʒikt ] [ində'rekt 'ɔbdʒikt ] [pri'dikətiv] ['ɔbdʒikt 'kɔmplimənt]

The birds are flying. intransitive verb (vi.) S + V [in'trænsitiv] intransitive verb (vi.) (不及物动词,后不加名词） (cry, fly, run, jump, dance, die ---)

Use ‘S+V’ to make sentences: Have a competition! Use ‘S+V’ to make sentences: (cry, fly, run, jump, dance, die ---) PK Which group makes more sentences?

The birds can catch fish. S + V + DO ['trænsitiv] transitive verb (vt.) （及物动词，后定加名词----） (read, buy, protect, kill, hunt, receive, watch---)

Have a try! A Many birds died. Cats can catch mice. They are swimming. 4. They bought a new computer. A: S+V B: S+V+DO B A: S+V B:S+V+DO A A: S+V B: S+V+DO B A: S+V B: S+V+DO

They feel comfortable. S + V + P be appear / keep / stay /seem link verb (连系动词，后常加形容词, 名词词组------作表语） be appear / keep / stay /seem look/ sound / taste / smell / feel go / get / grow / come / become / turn / fall

PK Have a competition! Use ‘S+V+ P’ to make sentences: (keep, stay, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, go, get, grow, come, become, turn, fall, be ---) PK Which group makes more sentences?

Have a try! Match the sentences with their structures. S + V S + V + DO S + V + P 1. I saw her. 2. Many boys are running. 3. The music sounds beautiful. 4. I am a student. 5. She bought a pen. 6. They are dancing.

Remember: 1. S+V 这一结构中，谓语动词是不及物动词，它本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需跟名词。如: cry, fly, run, jump, dance, die --- 2. S + V + DO 这一结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，它后面必须跟宾语。如：read, buy, protect, kill, hunt, receive, watch--- 3. S + V + P 这一结构中，谓语动词是联系动词，不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语特征，身份，状态等的表语。 如: look, smell, taste, feel, turn, get, become, be ---

What’s the difference between DO and IO? Think about: Zhalong gives the birds an ideal home. S + V + ?O + ?O What’s the difference between DO and IO?

to to S+ V + IO+ DO for Rule：______ is usually used as an IO. sb. 通常情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后，但如果要将间接宾语放在直接宾语之后的话，通常需要加上介词“to”或“for”。 若及物动词后面只有一个宾语，那个这个宾语就做直接宾语DO。 若及物动词后面有两个宾语，那么通常情况下人作间接宾语，而物作直接宾语。 Zhalong gives an ideal home. S + V + DO to Zhalong gives the birds an ideal home IO DO 双宾语 I pass a book. S + V + DO to I pass him a book IO DO He bought a present. S + V + DO He bought his son a present for IO DO Rule：______ is usually used as an IO. _______ is usually used as a DO. S+ V + IO+ DO sb. sth.

(buy, show, cook, tell, send, lend, give, teach, bring, pay, sell ---) Find the IO and the DO Tomorrow is Lily’s birthday. His father will buy her a pen. She will show us the new pen . Her mother will cook her a big cake. Her grammar will tell her an interesting story. His maths teacher will send her a beautiful card. I find her very happy! What shall I do? I don’t have enough money. Would you lend me some money? (buy, show, cook, tell, send, lend, give, teach, bring, pay, sell ---)

What’s OC? How to use OC? I find her very happy! Think about: S +V + DO + OC S + V + IO + DO ??? What’s OC? How to use OC? 谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语，但意思还是不完整，必须加另外一个成分来对宾语补充说明。这个成分就是宾语补足语（OC)。可作宾补的有形容词，动名词，分词，不定式等等。

S +V + DO + OC (call, make, tell, ask, find, think, name, keep, would like --- ) We call the man policeman. S V DO OC(宾补) I make him angry. S OC V DO He tells us to protect the birds OC S V DO

S+V+IO+DO or S+V+DO+OC? Can you tell? 双宾还是宾补？ S+V+IO+DO or S+V+DO+OC? They passed us some apples. The shopkeeper sold me a ruler. We name the panda Xiwang. The teacher often makes us laugh. S+V+IO+DO S+V+IO+DO S+V+DO+OC S+V+DO+OC 小窍门: sb 和sth如能交换位置就是双宾， 如不能交换，就是宾补。

Let do some more exercises: 1. Millie is sleeping. 2. Ann is kind. 3. The idea sounds great. S V S V P S V P

4. Amy is reading English. 5. Mary gave Sandy a book. 6 4. Amy is reading English. 5. Mary gave Sandy a book. 6. They call me Tom.   S V DO S V IO DO S V DO CO

Choose the right answers: The swan is swimming. 2. Sandy is watching a bird. 3. They are unhappy. 4. They find their homework difficult. A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+P D: S+V+IO+DO A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+DO+OC D: S+V+IO+DO A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+P D: S+V+IO+DO A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+P D: S+V+DO+OC

5. Sandy gave the doves some food. 6. Some of them looked tired . 7. Millie calls her parrot Chatty. 8. He told me to protect the birds . A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+DO+OC D: S+V+IO+DO A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+P D: S+V+IO+DO A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+DO+OC D: S+V+IO+DO A: S+V B: S+V+DO C: S+V+DO+OC D: S+V+IO+DO

Correct the mistakes. She laughed. 2. He bought a T-shirt. 3. Jay named his dog Bobby. 4. She looks lovely. 5. He gave Mary a present. (S + P ) V (S + V + p ) DO (S + V + DO + IC ) OC (S + V + DO ) P (S + V + IO + OC ) DO

6. The teacher is marking the tests. 7. They thought John the best actor. 8. I find the article interesting. (S + V + P ) (S + P + DO + IO ) (S + V + IO + DO ) DO V DO DO OC

Books P 81 Say the sentence structures S+V+DO+OC S+V+DO S+V S+V+IO+DO S+V+P People call Zhalong Bird’s Home. The government built the nature reserve. The sparrow is flying. The reserve gives wildlife an ideal home. The crane looks beautiful. The students are counting the birds. Sandy thought herself a good birdwatcher. I found the article on wildlife interesting.

Try to make as many sentences as possible: Game time Try to make as many sentences as possible: S + V (cry, fly, run, jump, dance, die ---) S + V + DO (read, buy, protect, hunt, receive, watch---) S + V + P (look, smell, taste, feel, turn, get, be ---) S + V + IO + DO (buy, show, cook, tell, send, lend, give, teach, bring, pay, sell ---) S + V + DO + OC (find , think, make, name, call, keep, ask, want, would like …)

conclusion 句子成分： 主语 谓语动词 表语 直接宾语 间接宾语 宾语补足语 S V P DO IO OC

S + V S + V + P S + V + DO + OC 2. 句子结构： 1.主语+谓语（不及物）动词 2.主语+谓语（及物）动词+直接宾语 S + V + DO 3.主语+谓语（联系）动词+表语 S + V + P 4.主语+谓语（及物）动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 S + V + IO + DO 5.主语+谓语（及物）动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语 S + V + DO + OC

homework Revise the different parts of the sentences and the sentence structures. Make different sentences and find out the parts and the sentence structures.

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