Grammar 冠词：是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。 冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。 英语中冠词有三个，即 定冠词、不定冠词 和 零冠词。 定冠词 the 相当于 this 或 that，表示特指。 定冠词 the 在元音音素前读 / i/，在辅音音素前读 / /。 如： The air was full of butterflies. The battle started on the morning of the twenty-fourth. 不定冠词 a, an 相当于 one, 有单一的含义，有时也可指一类。 a , an在含义上并无不同，只是 a 用于辅音音素前，读 / /； 而 an 则用于元音音素前，读 / n/。 如： Armstrong is a man of few words. We live about an hour from the city. 零冠词是名词前一种无形的冠词，即一般所说的不用冠词的场合。很多 专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词都用零冠词。 如： Beijing is the capital of China. Knowledge is power.

Grammar 定冠词的用法： 1、用于单数或复数名词，可数或不可数名词之前。表示特指。 e.g. The old man over there is his grandfather. The water is hot. There’s a book on the desk. The book is mine. 2、表示世界上独一无二的事物。 e.g. The sun is like a great ball of fire in the sky. 3、用在序数词、形容词最高级和方位名词前。 e.g. Sunday is the first day of the week? Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth? The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 4、与单数可数名词或某些形容词连用，表示一类。 e.g. The horse is a useful animal. the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the sick, the blind

Grammar 5、用于乐器名称前。 e.g. the piano, the violin, the organ 6、用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。 e.g. the working class, the Communist Party 7、用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 e.g. the Great Wall, the People’s Republic of China, the United Nations 8、用于表示江河、海洋、山脉、岛屿的名称前。 e.g. the Changjiang River, the Pacific Ocean, the Himalayas 9、用于姓氏的复数前，指一家人。 e.g. the Greens, the Blacks 10、用于固定词组和习惯用法中。 e.g. In the middle, in the morning, tell the truth, 11、用于报刊、杂志、历史时期及其它名词前。 e.g. The Times, the Bible, The People’s Daily, the Stone Age

不定冠词的用法： Grammar 1、指一个或一种。 e.g. Give me a post-card. A girl wants to see you. A Miss Smith came just now. 2、指一类。 e.g. A elephant is much heavier than a horst. A knife is an important tool. 3、表示事物的单位数量。 e.g. eight hours a day, twice a month, five dollars a kilo 4、用于固定短语。 e.g. have a break, in a hurry, all of a sudden

零冠词的用法： Grammar 1、有些复数名词和不可数名词不是特指时，通常不用冠词。 e.g. I had eggs for breakfast. He likes to drink beer. The desk is made of wood. 2、三餐前没有修饰词时，通常不用冠词。 e.g. What did you have for lunch? 3、在球类名词前。 e.g. play basketball, football, tennis 4、在固定短语中。 e.g. by bus, at noon, go to school, in hospital

练习 Fill in the blanks with a, an or the. a the the a an a a the an What ______ beautiful horse it is! When does ______ sun set in winter? I am going to ______ Philippines next month. Don’t forget to buy me ______ T-shirt. Look, there’s ______ elephant walking down the street. It’s cheaper to take ______ bus than to take ______ taxi. John is staying at ______ Dragon Hotel. Everyone knows Kitty is ______ honest girl. 练习 a the the a an a a the an

/ / / / / / / 练习 Fill in the blanks with a, an or the,where necessary. I go to ____ school by ____ ferry. Which pen is longer, _____ blue one or _____red one? They have _____ dinner early in the evening. _____ Christians usually go to _____ church on Sundays. Have you ever seen _____ real dragon? They sent the parcel by _____ air mail. Jack is staying with his aunt in _____ United Kingdom. Everyone needs _____ food. _____ Himalayas are _____ highest mountain ranges on _____ earth. / / the the / / / a / the / The the the

/ / / / / / / 练习 That shop sells _____ fruit and _____ drinks. Father went to _____ bed quite early last night. The dog ran into _____ school. No one knows how deep _____ Atlantic Ocean is. What sort of _____ game do you like better, _____ football or _____ basketball? We can’t live without _____ air. Peter is _____ university student. The company gave us _____ wonderful dinner. Selina goes to word by _____ same bus every morning. / / / the the / / / / a a the