Grammar Object Complement 宾语补足语

简单句的五种基本句型: 1）S + vi (主语 + 不及物动词) 2）S + vt +O (主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语) 3）S + link v. + P (主语 + 连系动词 + 表语) 4）S + vt. + IO + DO (主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语) 5）S + vt + O + OC  (主语 +及物动词 十宾语 十宾语补足语)

判断下列句子属于哪种句型： 1. We arrived in Louland after several days of travelling. 2. Tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii. 3.He told us that the city was destroyed long ago. 4.Tomorrow we are off to Naples. 5. Doctors asked volunteers to sniff pleasant smells.

6. We found the ruins most interesting. 7. The desert was once a green land with enormous trees. 8. I was very hungry by the time we arrive. 9. We find it hard to decide which words or phrases to use. 10. People started to dig in the area for treasure.

What can be object complement? Through the window, I could see the rain coming down heavily. 2. Mother made Charles tidy his bedroom before he went out. 3. They made him director of the Pompeii dig. （现在分词短语） (不带to不定式短语) (名词或名词短语)

4. The boss ordered the typist to have all the documents ready. 5. When he woke up, he found himself covered with a coat. 6. The heat almost drove me crazy. 7. Please show him out. 8. You should keep the books on the desk. (动词不定式短语) (过去分词短语) (形容词) (副词) (介词短语)

小结： 1. 宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。宾语+宾语补足语=>复合宾语。2. 可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。 3.能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。 4. 主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中是主语，相应的宾补就成为主补。

常跟宾语补足语的动词： 第一类, 感觉动词, 所接的宾补可以是现在分词形式,也可以是动词原形。 feel, hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, look at I saw him cross/crossing the road. => He was seen to cross/ crossing the road. 但变为被动语态时,不定式要带to

第二类, 含使动意义的动词, 所接的宾补多为动词原形或过去分词。如：let, have, get, make, would like, want等。 If you are back, will you please make yourself known to me? This makes people know the importance of protecting environment. The machine doesn’t work. I must have it repaired right now.

第三类, 含命名意义的动词, 所接的宾补一般是名词。如：call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等。 Call me Joe, please. She was elected (the) president of the company.

复合宾语和双宾语的区别： They have made me the chairman. They have made me a nice chair. (宾补) 使我成为主席 (直接宾语)为我做了把好椅子

第四类, v + sb. + to do sth. 结构中的动词, 所接的宾补一般是不定式。 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish, report等

第五类, find, keep, leave 等几个词的用法非常灵活,后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词等。 We found it very difficult to solve the problem. How can you keep them waiting for so long? Keep the door closed.

改出一处错并指出宾补： it None of us think likely that anyone survived the air crash. The government is considering a law to make it illegal advertising cigarette. to advertise

补充练习 1. The missing boy was last seen ____ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 2. I feel ____ unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. A. that B. how C. it D. what

3. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age. A. put away B 3. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age. A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up 4. He slipped into the room, without himself ____. A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see

5. He found the street much ____. A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D 5. He found the street much ____. A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdly 6. I think ___ necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is

7. Paul doesn’t have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B 7. Paul doesn’t have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 8. You can’t have the horse _____ all the way. It’s too hot. A. run B. to run C. running D. to be running

9. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____. A 9. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____. A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away

10. I heard that you were elected _____this time. A. monitor B 10. I heard that you were elected _____this time. A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor 11. For a time his grandmother found _____ accept his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to

12. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty. A. on B. out C 12. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty. A. on B. out C. in D. away 13. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ______. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard

Fill in each blank with the proper verb forms. 1. I saw him ____ (enter) the room, ___ (take) something and ___ (go) out. 2. Please have these boxes _______ (carry) to the station right now. enter take go carried

3. They found an old woman _____ (lie) on the ground. 4. You’d better get a doctor ______ (pull) out your bad tooth. 5. He sat listening to her ________ (climb) the stairs. lying to pull climbing

6. I don’t want that kind of thing ______ (keep) happening. 7. He asked for the letter ________ (send) at once. 8. The workers were made _______ (work) extra hours every day. to keep to be sent to work

易错题 Returning home, I found the book _______ (miss ). That afternoon, I found her _______ (dress) in white. missing dressed

高考真题 1. Don’t leave the water __ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run

2. ---- Is Bob still performing? ---- I’m afraid not. He is said ________ the stage already as he has become an official. (05 江苏卷) A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

3. You should understand the traffic rule by now 3. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it_______ often enough. (05天津卷) A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained

4. I really can’t understand ______ her like that. （05安徽卷） A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating