Dealing with new words or phrases in reading comprehension (阅读理解之词义猜测）

1、定义(解释)法 2、对比法 3、因果法 4、举例法 5、联想法 6、构词法 six ways of guessing the meaning from the context 1、定义(解释)法 2、对比法 3、因果法 4、举例法 5、联想法 6、构词法

1、定义(解释)法 动物学家 牧人 齿鲸类 定语从句 破折号 ●Clue：通过_______,_________,______&__________ 等确定词义 同位语 that’s to say ◎His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. ◎The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ◎All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales. 动物学家 牧人 齿鲸类

2、对比法 ●信号词: but, however, yet, otherwise, while, though, on the one hand…on the other hand, instead of 等 Ex. 2 ◎ Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. ◎ John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty. 肮脏的 节约的

3、因果法 信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, therefore, so/such…that, thus Ex. 3 ◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade. ◎She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. ◎ The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的）. 精明的 修剪 混浊的

4、举例法 信号词: such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, consist of Ex. 4 ◎ Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（刹车）. ◎ On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat. 装置 家禽

5、联想法 Tips: 根据生活经验、常识、逻辑推理以及上下文语境猜测词义。 ◎ When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. ◎ When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water. 麻药 波纹

生死攸关的 睡过头 6、构词法 Clue: 构词法包括______,_______,&________。 合成 转换 派生 ◎ For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. ◎ Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep? 生死攸关的 睡过头

Practice makes perfect! 1. We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week. 2. If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. 3. The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel. 4. We will shoulder the responsibilities at any time. 5. The fresh trout is very cheap, but I don’t know how to cook it． A．fish B．fruit C．apple 夜班 不同意 门梁 承担

小结 I. Skills II. Attention 1 定义法 2 对比法 3 因果法 4 举例法 5 联想法 6 构词法 必须联系上下文

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