Unit 3 Understanding each other Grammar and usage

Revision & Lead-in Translate the following sentences into English!

要是你在10分钟前进入聊天室的话,你就知道我们在谈些什么了. If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about.

If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present. 如果我在英国结婚,我会得到客人的礼物. If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present.

如果你来到了文莱,你进别人家门之前得脱鞋. Should you come to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone’s house.

If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present. If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about.

语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 在英语中随着说话人意图的不同，动词需用不同的形式，称为语气。英语语气有三种：

1. 陈述语气 用来叙述事实或提出疑问.广泛用于陈述句,疑问句,感叹句 E.g. : I will come tomorrow. 是说话人用来向对方下达命令,指示提出要求,劝告等所用的动词形式.主要用于祈使句. E.g. ; Don’t write in your book. 2.祈使语气 3.虚拟语气 是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.

虚拟语气，作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象，一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点。但对于中国学生来说，它又是一个难点。无怪乎许多学生学习虚拟语气时，常常会叹道： If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier. A. will be B. would have been C. could have been D. would be

虚拟语气的定义 虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式. 与事实相反！ 关键是什么

考点与难点归纳

1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法 4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 考点与难点归纳 1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法 4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 5. 与含蓄条件句 6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定 考点 难点 错综时间条件句

一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 Unreal conditionals Unreal conditionals state a condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary.

We use unreal conditionals to state a 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 We use unreal conditionals to state a present condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary. E.g. If I got married in the UK, I would expect a present.

…would/could/might do … 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 We form unreal present conditionals like this: If… was/were/did … , …would/could/might do … Practice: 1. 假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。 If I had more time，I would study German. 2. 要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼. If I were/was young as you, I would find time to exercise.

What would happen if you were not addicted to QQ game? 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 What would happen if you were not addicted to QQ game? If I weren’t addicted to QQ games, I would make greater progress in his studies.

What would you do if you won the lottery? 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would… a villa

We also use unreal conditionals to refer to an imaginary past action. 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 We also use unreal conditionals to refer to an imaginary past action. E.g. If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about.

…would/could/might have done… 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 We form unreal past conditionals like this: If … had been/done…, …would/could/might have done… 1) 如果他抓紧时间，他本来能赶上那趟火车。 If he had hurried, he could have caught the train. 2) 如果你昨天告诉他，他也许会提些建议了。 If you had told him yesterday, he might have made some suggestions.

If I ___________busy last night, I _____________ to see the 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 If I ___________busy last night, I _____________ to see the film with you. had not been would have gone

If he more carefully, had driven he the car accident yesterday. 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday. had driven would not have had

We use unreal future conditionals to talk 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 We use unreal future conditionals to talk about imaginary future situations. E.g. 1) If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you. 2) If I were to fail my Maths test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term. 3) If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.

If…was/were/did/should/were to…, …would/should/might do… 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 We form unreal future conditionals like this: If…was/were/did/should/were to…, …would/should/might do… Practice: 1) 假如我要出国，我就会去法国。 If I were to go abroad, I would go to France. 2) 万一明天下雨，我们的运动会就推迟。 If it should rain tomorrow, our sports meeting would be put off.

If you got /were to get /should get a full 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 If you got /were to get /should get a full mark next time, I would treat you to a wonderful performance. Mark: 100

现在 过去 将来 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 did（were） had done would/could/should /might +do 现在 did（were） would/could/should /might +have done 过去 had done 1.did 2.should+do 3. were to do would/could/should/ might +do 将来

1)Would, could and might are often interchangeable, but with 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法 TIPS 1)Would, could and might are often interchangeable, but with some differences in meaning. would → intention; plan could → ability; possibility might → probability 2) In written English or in formal situation, we usually use were in If-clauses in place of was. However, in everyday conversation, was is often used.

If you should make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed. 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 We can also put should, were and had at the beginning of an unreal conditional sentence. In this case, if is not needed any more. Please rewrite the sentences: E.g. If you should make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed. →Should you make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed.

2 ) If you had told me earlier, I would not have this problem now. 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 2 ) If you had told me earlier, I would not have this problem now. →Had you told me earlier, I would not have this problem now. 3) If you were to take the train, you would be there much sooner. →Were you to take the train, you would be there much sooner.

注意: 如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式. 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 TIPS 注意: 如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式. E.g. 我们可以说: Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 但是不能说: Weren’t it for … ____ she ____ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today. Hadn’t; left B. Had; not left C.If; didn’t leave D. Didn’t; leave

错综时间条件句 当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种情况下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。

错综时间条件句 1. If the flower had been watered, it ______ now. A. wouldn’t die B. is dead C. had been dead D. will not die 2. If his television set had not been stolen yesterday, he ______ TV now. A. would watch B. would have watched C. would be watching D. is watching

If you ________(study) hard before, you _______(be) a college student now and you __________(graduate) from a college in fours’ time. had studied would be would graduate

Please choose the correct answers to the following multiple choices. Everything if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade. A. will be destroyed B. will have been destroyed C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed

2. The business is risky. But ______, we would be rich. A. should we succeed B. we should succeed C. might we succeed D. would we succeed

3. What would have happened, ________, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther

4. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent 5. ______ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Was he leaving B. If he leaves C. Were he to leave D. If he is leaving

6. Supposing this ship ,do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers? were to sink B. has sunk C. was sinking D. sunk

were, would B. is, would C. is, will D. were, will 7. ----You can ask your brother for help. ----He isn’t at home. If he ____, I ___. were, would B. is, would C. is, will D. were, will

8. —— Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation? —— No, but if I _____ time, I ————— very glad to go there. A. have, will be B. had had, would have been C. had, would be D. had had, would be

Discussion: What would you do if you had a…? Magic Lantern Magic Brush Magic Stick Time Machine

Summary of this class(本节小结) 一. 英语中语气包括三种:陈述语气,祈使语 气,虚拟语气. 二.虚拟语气用在if 引导的与现在事实,将来 事实,过去事实相反的非真实条件状语从 句中. 三.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 四.错综时间条件句

Homework Finish Parts C1 and C2 on Page 118 in Workbook.