高二人教新课标版选修六 Unit 3 A healthy life Reading

Pre-reading 1. Have you ever smoked? If you have, have you stopped?

teenagers 3. In what ways is smoking harmful? 2. Why do you think some adolescents start smoking? teenagers 3. In what ways is smoking harmful?

A waste of _______ money

Smoking may cause ______. fire

Smoking may cause ___________. air pollution

Smoking is not good for ____________ smokers. secondhand 中国约十万人因吸二手烟而死. Smoking is not good for ____________ smokers. secondhand

Smoking makes you bony.

Smoking is not good for our ________. health

lung disease What are the two big diseases that you think are related to smoking? lung disease

What advice would you give? My advice is that let them get interested in some positive hobbies like sports, playing music, reading, playing chess and so on.

4. Do you think smoking should be banned? 5. Where could you get good advice on stopping smoking? Doctors Medical magazines Parents and friends …

Reading Advice From Granddad

2. What is the purpose of the letter? Skimming 1. Who wrote the letter? 2. What is the purpose of the letter? His Granddad. Give his grandson some advice to give up smoking.

3. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. 2 A. James’ problem of smoking. B. Telling three ways of becoming addicted to smoking. C. The writer’s hope for his grandson and advice on stopping smoking. D. Tell us the harmful effects of smoking. E. From the life the writer is living, we know the importance of a healthy life. 3 5 4 1

Reading for details Choose the best answers. 1. The first sentence of the letter shows James’ granddad ______. has nothing to do at home lives a healthy life is tired when returning from a long bike trip likes sitting in the garden B

2. What did the old man use to persuade his grandson to give up smoking? A. Scientific theory. B. His failure in love. C. His sports activity. D. His own experience. D

3. According to the text, if you’re a smoker, when you don’t smoke, you may feel ______. A. relaxed B. angry C. sorry D. happy B

4. From Para. 3, we can learn that ______. B A. a person can be addicted to nicotine because nicotine is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. B. a person will be addicted to smoking if he treats it as a habit. C. a person will feel sick if his body gets used to having nicotine. D. a person will really feel relaxed when having a cigarette. B

5. Which is NOT the effect of smoking? A. Causing terrible damage to heart and lungs. B. Affecting the health of non-smokers. C. Having the clothes turn yellow. D. Not enjoying sport. 6. What is NOT included in the article about stop smoking on the internet? A. Relax B. Determination C. Courage D. Get help from others. C C

7. According to the letter, James’ granddad ______. didn’t give up smoking used to be a member of the school football team C. is lonely D. wrote down the advice from his experience B

8. ______ forced James’ granddad to give up smoking. That he ran too slow. His girlfriend That he was taken off the school football team D. His parents C

9. The following statements are true EXCEPT _______. A A. James’ grandfather was tired when returning from a long bike trip. B. there are three ways a person can become addicted to smoking. C. keeping your hands busy will help stop smoking. D. some people have to try several times before quitting smoking. A

Fill in the chart. Different ways people can Information from the reading passage Different ways people can become addicted to cigarettes Harmful physical effects for smokers 1. Physically addicted to nicotine 2. Addicted through habits 3. Mentally addicted 1. Do terrible damage to heart and lungs 2. have difficulty in becoming pregnant 3. Become breathless quickly

Effects that a person’s smoking can have on other people Effects that smoking can have on sporting performance 1. other people dislike the smell 2. the cigarette smoke can do harm to non-smokers. be unable to enjoy sport

mentally F T physically F 4. Tom said that he felt happier when he smoked. That means he is physically addicted. 5. A heavy smoker may pick up a cigarette to smoke even without realizing what he is doing. 6. John said he was mentally addicted, because he felt rather upset or even painful if he didn’t smoke for a while. mentally F T physically F

Pre-reading 1. Have you ever smoked? If you have, have you stopped?

Read the second part of the text to get suggestions to quit smoking P_______ yourself. Be d__________. Break the h_____. R_____. Get h____ if you need. K____ trying. repare etermined. abit elax elp eep

How can I stop smoking? Can you give some other helpful suggestions?

Choose a day that is not _______ to quit smoking. Make a list of all the _______ you will get from stopping smoking. __________ all your cigarettes. ______ the list of benefits when you feel like smoking. Develop some other habits to keep yourself ____. If you feel nervous or stressed, try some ________ exercises like deep breathing. You can stop smoking with a ______ or join a group. If necessary, ask a doctor or _______ for help. The most important is to keep ______. Don’t feel ________ if you have a cigarette again. Just _____ again. stressful benefits Throw away Reread busy relaxation friend chemist trying ashamed try

Discussion What kind of person do you think James’ grandfather is? He is fit and healthy and leads an active life. He takes an interest in his daughter’s and grandson’s well-being. He is knowledgeable. He reads the internet. He appears to love his grandson.

2. What other information could have been included? 1) Even non-smokers can get smoking related illnesses by breathing in air polluted by smoke. 2) Pregnant women who smoke can produce smaller, less healthy babies with a lower IQ.

3. What do you think can be done to protect non-smokers (especially women and babies) from those who smoke? 1) a non-smoking policy in public places such as buses, train, restaurants, cinemas, etc 2) Separate smoking and non-smoking areas in public places 3) A campaign to highlight the dangers of smoking for smokers and non-smoking people

Language points Why do you think some adolescents start smoking? adolescent / Teenager 13到19岁的人 baby / infant child (English) / kids(American) toddler youth 婴儿 年幼的孩子 会走路的小孩 男性青年

My adolescent life 我的青少年时期 adolescence 青春期 The period of adolescence is very important in forming one’s character. 青春期对人的性格形成是非常重要的。

2. Do you think smoking should be banned? ban (banned, banned) vt. 禁止, 取缔 Swimming is banned in this lake. 这个湖里不准游泳。 They threatened to ban the book. 他们威胁要禁止该书。 n. 禁止; 禁令[C][(+on/against)] The police lifted the ban against parking in this street. 警察取消了不准在这条街上停车的禁令。 We have put a ban on smoking. 我们已禁止吸烟。

辨析: ban/forbid/prohibit禁止 不赞成的意味。搭配ban…from sth./doing sth. forbid较常用, 可是个人, 也可以是国家, 政府 机关作出的规定和准则。搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth. prohibit强调以法律或官方行政手段, 或规章 制度的形式加以禁止。搭配prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth.

Exercises: After the accident, he was _______ from driving alone. 2) Our school ________ us to bring cell phone to school. 3) The law __________ the tobacco from being sold freely. banned forbad prohibits

3. It’s seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to … 此句中的it是形式主语, 真正的主语是 后面的that从句。 ______ felt funny watching myself on TV. (2007全国) One B. This C. It D. That 解析: it是形式主语, 真正的主语是后 面的watching myself on TV。 C

4. I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. due to 因为; 由…引起; 由于 如: accidents due to driving at high speed Her illness was due to bad food. Her absence was due to the storm. 知识拓展: 表示因果关系的单词和短语 because of 介词短语“因为”, 较口语化 owing to 介词短语“因为”, 较正式 thanks to 介词短语“因为”, “多亏了” as a result of 介词短语“因为” as a result 副词短语“因此”

易混辨析 due to, because of, thanks to, owing to due to 常在be动词之后作表语。 His success is due to his parents’ help. 他的成功归功于他父母的帮助。 because of 指原因, 意为“因为”, 用以指出理由。 He lost the match because of poor preparation. 他因为准备不足输掉了那场比赛。

thanks to既可表达正面意义(多亏, 幸亏), 又可表示讽刺意义。 Thanks to the good weather, we can go fishing this afternoon. 幸亏天气很好, 我们下午可以去钓鱼。 owing to意为“由于, 应归功于”。 Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of time. 由于我们的共同努力, 这项任务提前完成了。

The accident was ____ his careless driving. due to B. because C. because of D. Both A and C D 5. I became addicted to cigarettes. become/get/be addicted to sth./doing sth. 表示 “对某事/做某事上瘾”, 该短语中的to是介词, 后接名词或动名词形式。如： The children are addicted to computer games. 孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。

addict vt. (1)使沉溺; 嗜好 (2)使...成瘾, 热衷于 addict oneself to 沉溺于, 醉心于 be addicted to 嗜好, 热衷 He became addicted to the drug. 他上了毒瘾。 addict n. (1)上了瘾的人 film addict电影迷 (2) 吸毒者 addiction n. 沉湎、成瘾 addictive adj. 使人上瘾的

The parents felt helpless when they found their son had ____ love stories for long. addicted addicted to C. addicted himself D. been addicted to D

6. This means that after a while you becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. 这就是说, 过了一段时间以后, 你的身体 习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。 accustom vt. 使习惯于 be /get / become accustomed to 习惯于; 适应于 accustom +n./oneself +to 使自己习惯/适应于 其中to 为介词

The boy has ____________________________ English in public. 那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。 My eyes soon _______________________________. 我的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。 They had to ____________________________________. 他们不得不使自己习惯于炎热的天气。 become accustomed to speaking grew accustomed to the darkness accustom themselves to the hot weather

注意: 在英语中, to 有时为动词不定式符号, 后跟动词原形; 有时用作介词, 后跟名词、 代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的 to均为介词。 stick to 坚持 lead to 导致, 通向 pay a visit to 参观 sentence sb. to 宣判某人 come to 谈到, 涉及 see to 处理, 负责 be up to 总计 devote…to 致力于 get down to 开始 /着手

[考例] Accustomed to ______ the steep mountain, he had no difficulty reaching the top. (上海2005春) A. climbing B. climb C. having climbed D. have climbed [点拨] to为介词, 后跟动词-ing形式, 不能跟现在分词的完成式, 故选A。 A

A 7. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 此句中的it是人称代词, 代替前面的thing。 —Have you heard the latest news? —No, what ______? (2007全国卷) A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 解析: 由news为不可数名词可排除C、D 两项, 用it指代具体的抽象名词the latest news。 A

8. …so it was very difficult to quit. quit 动词, 过去式和过去分词均为quit, 现在分词为quitting， ①接动词-ing形式, “停止做” I wish you’d quit complaining. ② 辞职, 离开 His father quit because of ill health. He has to quit school because he can’t afford the education.

A Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people ______ smoking. (上海2005春) A. quit B. decline C. depart D. reserve A 解析: 根据句意“医生们正在研究以便发现 当人们戒烟时, 他们身体上将会发生什么 情况”选A。decline下降; depart 起程; reserve预订。

只能用动词的 -ing形式做宾语的动词有: Admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; complete; consider; deny; forbid; fancy想象; finish; keep; mention; mind; miss; pardon; permit; prevent; delay; discuss; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; imagine; postpone推迟; practise; quit; recall记起; recommend推荐; recollect记起; resist抵抗; risk冒险; suggest; tolerate忍受; understand

9. I didn’t know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. 当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和 肺部, 也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。 解析: 该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从 复合句。

主句为I didn’t know。两个宾语从句分别为 it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs和it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant, “or”连接这两个 宾语从句, 意为“也不(知道)”。I don’t know ...or... 这个句型译为“我不知道……, 也不知道……”。如: I don’t know where to go or what to do. 我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。

10. smell v. ① “闻起来”, 连系动词, 后接adj., 分词 The flowers smell sweet. ②闻到, 嗅出, 常与can, could 连用 I can smell something burning. n. 嗅觉, 气味, 臭味 Taste and smell are closely connected. There’s a smell of cooking. ---What's that smell coming from the kitchen? ---Hmm, it smells like fresh homemade bread.

11. Prepare oneself prepare (sb/sth) for sth to prepare a net for fishing 准备捕鱼的鱼网 to prepare the ground for the seeds. 整理好土地准备播种 Mary is preparing herself for the test tomorrow. Will you help me prepare for the get- together of the old classmates?

过去分词 prepared 用于系表结构, 意为 “为……做好准备; 打算”, 常用于以下句式: 1) be prepared + for/against 如： They were prepared for the worst. 他们已准备好应付最坏的情况。 I knew there were problems, but I was  not prepared for this. 我知道有些问题, 但却未防范这一点！　　

2) be prepared + 不定式短语。如： They were prepared to go to work in the countryside. 他们准备到农村去工作。 I am not prepared to listen to all your weak excuses. 我不愿听你那些不成借口的借口。 They were prepared to be friendly. 他们打算和好。

12. Don’t choose a day that you know is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. 不要选择你明知有压力的日子, 例如要考试的那一天。 解析: 该句是一个主从复合句。主句为Don’t choose a day, 后接一个由that引导的定语从句修饰a day, 且这个定语从句包含一个插入语you know。such as起进一步补充说明的作用。

13. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. 1) every time, each time, the first time等 引导时间状语从句。 Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 他每次来哈尔滨, 总是来看我。

2) feel like 意为“感到想要”, 具体用法如下: 后面接名词、代词或动词－ing 形式, 表示 “想要”某物或“想要做”某事。如: I feel like a drink. I don't feel like eating. “ feel like ”还有“感到像…, 摸起来像…” 的意思。如: They made me feel like one of the family. This feels like silk.

3) remind v. 提醒; 使想起, 使记起 ①remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人某物/某事 Be sure to remind her of the meeting she has to attend. 务必提醒她要参加那次会议。 ② remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter. 请提醒我寄那封信。

③ remind sb. that-clause 提醒某人… She reminded me that I hadn't written to mother. 她提醒了我, 我还没给妈妈写信。 What you said just now ____ me of that American professor. [2002上海] A. mentioned B. informed  C. reminded D. memorized 解析: remind 提醒; 让……想起 C 

14. If you start to feel nervous or stressed, don’t reach for a cigarette. reach v. 1) 延伸; 伸展 The ladder won’t reach the window. 2) 到达 They reached London.

reach n. 伸手可及之距离 within reach of the shops 买东西很方便的地方 The ball was out of reach. 我够不着这个球。

The boy was _________ to tell his mother that he had failed. 15. ashamed/ shameful adj. 羞耻, 惭愧的 ashamed 做表语, 表示(人)感到羞耻, 惭愧的 shameful 指事情或行为本身可耻, 不道德的。 用ashamed或shameful填空 The boy was _________ to tell his mother that he had failed. 2) I was ________ of my _________ behavior at that time. ashamed ashamed shameful

Quiz Complete the sentences with words and phases from the text.

1. Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years, largely _______ super hybrid rice. 2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was not __________ to the cold of Northern Europe. 3. In spite of her wounded leg, she ________ to get up the stairs. 4. He told me the same story _____________ until I felt like screaming. due to accustomed managed automatically

5. When I __________ playing sport I become very fat and unhealthy. 6. The doctor told him to ______ the bad habit of smoking. 7. One can become physically and _________ addicted to nicotine. 8. He tried many times but he gave it up ___________. 9. This kind of flower ________ so good. quit/quitted quit mentally eventually smells

10. He was _________ of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise. 11. With exams only a week away, I am under a lot of ______. 12. ___________often take more risks than adults. 13. Now that I am __________ I eat a good diet because I want my baby to be born healthy. 14. She can’t see very well ___________ her glasses. ashamed stress Adolescents pregnant in spite of

15. When young he was ________ ___ watching cartoons and playing games online. 16. He was ___________ _____ having a walk alone in the garden after dinner. 17. The girl has ________ the habit of playing with her hair while reading. 18. It’s so hot today. I _______ going swimming. addicted to accustomed to got into feel like

Homework 1. Make sentences with the following words and phrases: due to addicted to accustomed to automatically mentally manage pregnant quit decide on eventuall 2. Make a summary of the advice on how to stop smoking. Be sure to use your own words and no more than five sentences.