New Horizon College English Unit 2 : Section A Charlie Chaplin 新视野

Pre-reading Activities Text Analysis Main idea and Structure Expressions & Patterns Summary How to apply to our real life the typical expressions and patterns taken from the text Blank filling Exercises Writing All the exercises for Section A 议论文与说明文写作技巧

New Words Text II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Main Idea Main Idea & Structure New Words Text Main Idea Structure Analysis of Each Part Part Ⅰ Part Ⅱ Part Ⅲ Part Ⅳ

stocking ankle comic tramp rag applause comedy scout crude clap revolt Back New Words stocking ankle comic tramp rag applause comedy scout crude clap revolt heel beggar moustache pants coarse behave nationality postpone doubtful immense immensely extraordinary rouse script pepper execute correspond corresponding betray To be continued

collision sunset relief rumor spark Christmas clumsy cop incident Back New Words collision sunset relief rumor Marxist spark Christmas clumsy cop incident memorial Phrases and Expressions cut down in rags for good trip up make up come down in the world to a/some degree go along in advance find one’s way into To be continued 上一页 下一页

Proper Names Dickens Charlie Chaplin the Tramp Italy Korea Back New Words Proper Names Dickens Charlie Chaplin the Tramp Italy Korea Mack Sennett Hollywood Modern Times The Pawnbroker The Gold Rush Monsieur Verdoux Oona O’Neill Keystone Cops 上一页 下一页

Back Text Charlie Chaplin Para. 1 He was born in a poor area of south London. He wore his mother’s old red stockings cut down for ankle socks. His mother was temporarily declared mad.  Dickens might have created Charlie Chaplin’s childhood. But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “the Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame. 下一页

Back Text Para. 2 Other countries—France, Italy, Spain, even Japan and Korea—have provided more applause (and profit) where Chaplin is concerned than the land of his birth. Chaplin quit Britain for good in 1913 when he journeyed to America with a group of performers to do his comedy act on the stage where talent scouts recruited him to work for Mack Sennett, the king of Hollywood comedy films. 上一页 下一页

Back Text Para. 3a Sad to say, many English people in the 1920’s and 1930’s thought Chaplin’s Tramp a bit, well, “crude”. Certainly middle-class audiences did; the working-class audiences were more likely to clap for a character who revolted against authority, using his wicked little cane to trip it up, or aiming the heel of his boot for a well-placed kick at its broad rear. All the same, Chaplin’s comic beggar didn’t seem all that English or even working class. 上一页 下一页

Back Text Para. 3b English tramps didn’t sport tiny moustaches, huge pants or tail coats: European leaders and Italian waiters wore things like that. Then again, the Tramp’s quick eye for a pretty girl had a coarse way about it that was considered, well, not quite nice by English audiences—that’s how foreigners behaved, wasn’t it? But for over half of his screen career, Chaplin had no screen voice to confirm his British nationality. 上一页 下一页

Back Para. 4 Indeed, it was a headache for Chaplin when he could no longer resist the talking movies and had to find “the right voice” for his Tramp. He postponed that day as long as possible: in Modern Times in 1936, the first film in which he was heard as a singing waiter, he made up a nonsense language which sounded like no known nationality. He later said he imagined the Tramp to be a college-educated gentleman who’d come down in the world. But if he’d been able to speak with an educated accent in those early short comedy movies, it’s doubtful if he would have achieved world fame. And the English would have been sure to find it “odd”. No one was certain whether Chaplin did it on purpose but this helped to bring about his huge success. 上一页 下一页

Back Text Para. 5 He was an immensely talented man, determined to a degree unusual even in the ranks of Hollywood stars. His huge fame gave him the freedom—and, more importantly, the money—to be his own master. He already had the urge to explore and extend a talent he discovered in himself as he went along. “It can’t be me. Is that possible? How extraordinary,” is how he greeted the first sight of himself as the Tramp on the screen. 上一页 下一页

Back Para. 6  But that shock roused his imagination. Chaplin didn’t have his jokes written into a script in advance; he was the kind of comic who used his physical senses to invent his art as he went along. Lifeless objects especially helped Chaplin make “contact” with himself as an artist. He turned them into other kinds of objects. Thus, a broken alarm clock in the movie The Pawnbroker became a “sick” patient undergoing surgery; boots were boiled in his film The Gold Rush and their soles eaten with salt and pepper like prime cuts of fish (the nails being removed like fish bones). This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, are surely the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy. 上一页 下一页

Back Text Para. 7  He also had a deep need to be loved—and a corresponding fear of being betrayed. The two were hard to combine and sometimes—as in his early marriages—the collision between them resulted in disaster. Yet even this painfully-bought self-knowledge found its way into his comic creations. The Tramp never loses his faith in the flower girl who’ll be waiting to walk into the sunset with him; while the other side of Chaplin makes Monsieur Verdoux, the French wife killer, into a symbol of hatred for women. 上一页 下一页

Back Text Para. 8a It’s a relief to know that life eventually gave Charlie Chaplin the stable happiness it had earlier denied him. In Oona O’Neill Chaplin, he found a partner whose stability and affection spanned the 37 years age difference between them that had seemed so threatening that when the official who was marrying them in 1942, turned to the beautiful girl of 17 who’d given notice of their wedding date and said, “And where is the young man?”—Chaplin, then 54, had cautiously waited outside. 上一页 下一页

Back Text Para. 8b As Oona herself was the child of a large family with its own problems, she was well-prepared for the battle that Chaplin’s life became as unfounded rumors of Marxist sympathies surrounded them both—and, later on, she was the center of rest in the quarrels that Chaplin sometimes sparked in their own large family of talented children. 上一页 下一页

Back Text Para. 9 Chaplin died on Christmas Day 1977. A few months later, a couple of almost comic body-thieves stole his body from the family burial chamber and held it for money: the police recovered it with more efficiency than Mack Sennett’s clumsy Keystone Cops would have done. But one can’t help feeling Chaplin would have regarded this strange incident as a fitting memorial—his way of having the last laugh on a world to which he had given so many. 上一页

What is the text mainly about? II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Back What is the text mainly about? The text is about Charlie Chaplin’s life which is full of contrasts. He came into the world miserable but brought the world endless joy. His Tramp on the screen, crude or coarse in the eyes of the English, gave him permanent fame in movie history. His nonsense screen language with no known nationality brought about his huge success. The contrast between his desire to be loved and his fear of being betrayed led to his painful marriages but brought him the luck to walk into the sunset with Oona. And even after his death, the theft of his body served as a fitting memorial to his life as a great comic.

How is the text organized? II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Back How is the text organized? The passage is made up of four parts—a general introduction of Charlie Chaplin, his professional success, his emotional life and the end of his story—with each of them developed through the device of contrast. By using contrast, the author skillfully weaves different aspects of his life around his life as a great comic, thus making the article an irresistible appeal to the reader. For details 下一页

Charlie Chaplin A central topic Aspect 1 Aspect 2 Aspect 4 Para. 9 II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Back Charlie Chaplin A central topic Aspect 1 Paras. 1-2 Paras. 3-6 Aspect 2 Paras. 7-8 Aspect 3 Aspect 4 Para. 9 A general introduction: He came into the world poor but made the world rich with joy. Besides, if there is a balance between his miserable childhood and his character of the Tramp, there must be a contrast between his Tramp and his permanent name in comedy history. His professional success: His Tramp gave him permanent fame though many people thought it crude; his screen language, making no sense and sounding like no known nationality, brought about his huge success; and his first sight of the Tramp on the screen shocked him but, more importantly, drove him to extend his talent. His emotional life: The contrast between his desire to be loved and his worry about being betrayed found its way into his comedy of Monsieur Verdoux but meanwhile brought him the luck to walk into the sunset with Oona in reality. The end of his life story: The theft of his dead body, though a sad incident, was widely regarded as a fitting memorial—his way of having the last laugh on a world to which he had given so many.

II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Back Main idea? Part I (Paras. 1-2) Part II Part IV Part III Chaplin was born into a poor family but created comic characters of lasting fame. He won more reputation in many other countries than in the land of his birth. Devices for developing it? Narration (叙事法) For details

Back Para. 1 He was born in a poor area of south London. He wore his mother’s old red stockings cut down for ankle socks. His mother was temporarily declared mad. (The first three sentences tell of Chaplin’s poor living conditions objectively.) Dickens might have created Charlie Chaplin’s childhood. But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “the Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame. (The comparison in the last two sentences displays the author’s admiration for Chaplin.) In this part, narration is used to present a general introduction to Chaplin’s life before he became famous. A fact to be noted is that the narration here is not simply objective, but rather subjective. That is, the author constantly blended into his words his admiration for the great comic. For details 返回

Key-word-centered narration (核心词叙述法) II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Back Main idea? Part II (Paras. 3-6) Part I Part IV Part III This part deals with Chaplin’s success from his famous comedy, The Tramp, to sound movies and his secrets of making great comedies. Devices for developing it? Key-word-centered narration (核心词叙述法) For details

Back Para. 4 deals with Chaplin’s invention of “a screen language”, which also has much bearing on the nationality. … and he had to find “the right voice” for his Tramp. In Modern Times… he made up a nonsense language which sounded like no known nationality. ... But if he’d been able to speak with an educated accent in those early short comedy movies, it’s doubtful if he would have achieved world fame. And the English would have been sure to find it “odd”. No one was certain whether Chaplin did it on purpose but this helped to bring about his huge success. Para. 3 concerns whether his Tramp was created in the way peculiar to the English nationality. … All the same, Chaplin’s comic beggar didn’t seem all that English or even working class. English tramps didn’t sport tiny moustaches, huge pants or tail coats: European leaders and Italian waiters wore things like that. Then again, the Tramp’s quick eye for a pretty girl had a coarse way about it that was considered, well, not quite nice by English audiences — that’s how foreigners behaved, wasn’t it? But for over half of his screen career, Chaplin had no screen voice to confirm his British nationality. A quick look at the paragraph III and VI probably leads to a confusion with regard to how the two get related. The secret lies in one word — nationality. See details with the yellow words, which have much to do with nationality. For details 返回

General-specific (总-分法) II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Back Main idea? Part III (Paras. 7-8) Part I Part IV Part II The collision between his urge to be loved and his fear of being betrayed led to failure in his early marriages , found its way into his comedies, but meanwhile brought him the chance to walk off into the sunset with Oona in reality. Devices for developing it? General-specific (总-分法) For details

Back A general statement: Life eventually gave Charlie Chaplin the stable happiness it had earlier denied him. Detail 1: Charlie Chaplin found in Oona O’Neill Chaplin __________________________________ ___________________________________. Detail 2: Oona O’Neill Chaplin was well-prepared for _________________________ _____________________________________. Detail 3: Oona O’Neill Chaplin was _________ ______ in the quarrels in their own large family of talented children. the stability and affection that spanned the 37 years age difference between them the battle against the rumors charging Chaplin as a Marxist sympathizer the center of rest 返回

Narration-argumentation (叙述-议论法) II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Structure Back Main idea? Part IV (Para. 9) Part I Part III Part II After his death, Chaplin’s dead body was once stolen, but it was the incident that served as a fitting memorial to the great comic of world fame. Devices for developing it? Narration-argumentation (叙述-议论法) For details

Back But one can’t help feeling Chaplin would have regarded this strange incident as a fitting memorial — his way of having the last laugh on a world to which he had given so many. The whole paragraph relates an incident that some body-thieves stole Chaplin’s dead body several months after his death and held it for money. Above all, it is the last sentence of the author’s argument that makes the finishing point, converting an originally sad event into a comic one. For details 返回

B. Patterns for you to use as models to give sb. permanent fame III. Expressions & Patterns A. Expressions B. Patterns for you to use as models to give sb. permanent fame to provide applause and (profit) where sb. is concerned to quit a place for good sad to say to clap for sb./sth. >>more Typical patterns for emphasis Typical patterns for recovery of sth. denied earlier Typical patterns for addition of sth. >>more

15. to have… written into a script III. Expressions & Patterns Back 15. to have… written into a script 16. painfully-bought self- knowledge to find one’s way into… to lose one’s faith in sb./sth. to walk into the sunset with sb. to find in sb. a man/ woman of… to revolt against/at/ from sb./sth. to trip sb. up to aim… at… all the same one’s quick eye for… to come down in the world to achieve world fame to do sth. on purpose 14. to have the urge/a deep need to do sth.

to give sb. permanent fame (L. 4) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 1. 使某人声名永驻 to give sb. permanent fame (L. 4) 活学活用 在任期间的清正廉洁使他在人民心中声名永驻。 Honesty and uprightness during his tenure of office gave him permanent fame in the minds of the people. 上一页 下一页

to provide applause and profit where sb. is concerned (L. 6) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 2. 给予某人掌声和收益 to provide applause and profit where sb. is concerned (L. 6) 活学活用 我们的社会应给予伸张正义者更多的掌声和奖励。 Our society should provide more applause and reward where the upholders of justice are concerned. 上一页 下一页

to quit a place for good (L. 7) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 3. 永久地离开了某地 to quit a place for good (L. 7) 活学活用 故乡是一个你的双脚或许会永远离开但心却决不会离开的地方。 Your hometown is a place that your feet may quit for good but your heart never. 上一页 下一页

不幸的是，这个海滨胜地曾经风景如画，现在却人满为患。 III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 4. 不幸的是 sad to say (L. 11) 活学活用 不幸的是，这个海滨胜地曾经风景如画，现在却人满为患。 Sad to say, this seaside resort was formerly as beautiful as a painting, but now is overcrowded with people. 上一页 下一页

人们对足球场上的友好举止拍手叫好，而对恶意的行为则嗤之以鼻。 III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 5. 为······拍手喝彩 to clap for sth./sb. (L. 13) 活学活用 人们对足球场上的友好举止拍手叫好，而对恶意的行为则嗤之以鼻。 People clap for friendly behavior on the football ground, but sneeze at evil conduct. 上一页 下一页

to revolt against/at/from sth./sb. (L. 13) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 6. 反抗/反感······ to revolt against/at/from sth./sb. (L. 13) 活学活用 他们很反感那些眼高手低、志大才疏的人。 They revolt at those who have great ambition but little ability. 上一页 下一页

仔细阅读这些问题，因为出题者有时会有意诱导你犯错。 III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 7. 绊倒某人； 使某人犯错误；使某人受挫 to trip sb. up (L. 14) 活学活用 仔细阅读这些问题，因为出题者有时会有意诱导你犯错。 Read the questions carefully, because the examiners sometimes try to trip you up. 上一页 下一页

8. 把······对准······ to aim… at… (L. 14) 追求完美才能做好，追求一般则会弄糟。 III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 8. 把······对准······ to aim… at… (L. 14) 活学活用 追求完美才能做好，追求一般则会弄糟。 Aiming your efforts at perfection, you’ll achieve the good; but aiming at only the average, you’ll gain the bad. 上一页 下一页

他的祖国为贫穷和落后所困扰，但他仍深深地眷恋着她。 III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 9. 尽管如此；仍然 all the same (L. 14) 活学活用 他的祖国为贫穷和落后所困扰，但他仍深深地眷恋着她。 His motherland is troubled with poverty and backwardness, but he feels a deep affection for her all the same. 上一页 下一页

one’s quick eye for sb./sth. (L. 18) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 10. 瞟某人/某物的眼神 one’s quick eye for sb./sth. (L. 18) 活学活用 小男孩一动不动盯着餐桌上食物的眼神说明他当时有多么饥饿。 The little boy’s fixed eye for the food on the table revealed how hungry he was at the time. 上一页 下一页

to come down in the world (L. 29) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 11. 落魄，潦倒 to come down in the world (L. 29) 活学活用 潦倒不堪时勿丧志，飞黄腾达时莫忘形。 When coming down in the world, don’t grow dejected; when coming up in the world, don’t get swollen-headed. 上一页 下一页

to achieve world fame (L. 31) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 12. 闻名世界 to achieve world fame (L. 31) 活学活用 无论何种文化，民族特征越多，闻名于世的可能性就越大。 No matter what culture, the more national traits it has, the more chances of achieving world fame it stands. 上一页 下一页

通常情况下，改造故意犯罪者要比改造过失犯罪者难得多。 III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 13. 有意做某事 to do sth. on purpose (L. 32) 活学活用 通常情况下，改造故意犯罪者要比改造过失犯罪者难得多。 In general, it is much more difficult to reform those who commit a crime on purpose than those who offend through negligence. 上一页 下一页

to have the urge/a deep need to do sth. (L. 36/47) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 14. 有一种要做······的欲望 to have the urge/a deep need to do sth. (L. 36/47) 向社会证明自身价值的欲望固然重要，而更重要的是把欲望变成现实的能力。 活学活用 It is important to have the urge to prove one’s worth to society, but more important is the ability to turn the urge into reality. 上一页 下一页

to have… written into a script (L. 39) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 15. 把······写成文字 to have… written into a script (L. 39) 活学活用 除非把你独特的想法写成文字,否则要公众理解是不可能的。 It is impossible to get your unique ideas across to the public, unless you have them written into a script. 上一页 下一页

painfully-bought self-knowledge (L. 49) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 16. 以沉重的代价换来的自知之明 painfully-bought self-knowledge (L. 49) 活学活用 通过不懈努力换来的自信心可以使人受益终生。 The self-confidence bought with unyielding efforts is of endless benefit to one’s whole life. 上一页 下一页

to find one’s way into… (L. 49) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 17. 进入，来到（某处）······ to find one’s way into… (L. 49) 活学活用 一旦你高尚的情操融入你的行为之中，你会发现自己的生活充满情趣。 Once your noble sentiment finds its way into your behavior, you will find your life rich with interest and taste. 上一页 下一页

to lose one’s faith in sb./sth. (L. 50) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 18. 失去了对······的信心 to lose one’s faith in sb./sth. (L. 50) 活学活用 对前途失去信心的人只能听从命运的摆布。 He who has lost his faith in his future has to be at the mercy of fate. 上一页 下一页

to walk into the sunset with sb. (L. 51) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 19. 与某人共同走进夕阳之中/与某人白头偕老 to walk into the sunset with sb. (L. 51) 活学活用 沉浸在热恋中的人都希望与对方白头偕老，但是结婚后总有一些人会改变主意。 Those bathed in love wish to walk off into the sunset with each other. But there are always some who change their minds after marriage. 上一页 下一页

to find in sb. a man/woman of… (L. 54) III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 20. 发现某人是一个······ to find in sb. a man/woman of… (L. 54) 活学活用 我们发现她是一个训练有素的人，有手艺、有眼光、有头脑，同时也具有良好的修养，彬彬有礼。 We have found in her a woman of trained hand, eye, and brain; disciplined and good mannered. 上一页 下一页

1. Typical patterns for emphasis: III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 1. Typical patterns for emphasis: 原句:Dickens might have created Charlie Chaplin’s childhood. But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “the Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame. (L. 4) 狄更斯或许会创作出查理·卓别林的童年故事，但只有查理·卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色“流浪者”，这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。 上一页 下一页

III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 句型提炼 1. Sb. else might do/have done sth. But only sb. can do/could have done sth. else. 别人或许会做某事，但只有某人才会做别的事。 上一页 下一页

应用：a. 在你身陷困境时，或许别人会帮你一把，但只有你才能真正帮自己从中摆脱出来。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：a. 在你身陷困境时，或许别人会帮你一把，但只有你才能真正帮自己从中摆脱出来。 When you are caught in a dilemma, others might lend you a hand. But only you can help yourself out. 上一页 下一页

应用：b. 或许很多其他因素都有助于一个人生活的转折，但是只有努力工作才能使他踏上成功之路。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：b. 或许很多其他因素都有助于一个人生活的转折，但是只有努力工作才能使他踏上成功之路。 Many other factors might have contributed to the turn of one’s life. But only hard work could have led him to the road to success. 上一页 下一页

某人是个······人/处于······境界，其······的程度之大甚至在······中也是十分少见的。 III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 原句: He was an immensely talented man, determined to a degree unusual even in the ranks of Hollywood stars. (L. 34) 他是一个有巨大才能的人，他的决心之大甚至在好莱坞明星中也是十分少见的。 句型提炼 2. Sb. is a… person/is in…, adj./p.p. to a degree unusual even in the ranks/world/family of… 某人是个······人/处于······境界，其······的程度之大甚至在······中也是十分少见的。 上一页 下一页

应用：a. 陈景润是一个毕生追求真理的人，其执著程度之大甚至在科学家中也是十分罕见的。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：a. 陈景润是一个毕生追求真理的人，其执著程度之大甚至在科学家中也是十分罕见的。 Chen Jing-run was a lifelong seeker after truth, perseverant to a degree unusual even in the ranks of scientists. 上一页 下一页

应用：b. 婚后20年，他们依然深深地相爱着，彼此依恋的程度之大甚至在鸳鸯家族中也十分罕见。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：b. 婚后20年，他们依然深深地相爱着，彼此依恋的程度之大甚至在鸳鸯家族中也十分罕见。 After twenty years of marriage, they are still in deep love, attached to each other to a degree unusual even in the family of mandarin ducks. 上一页 下一页

III. Expressions & Patterns Back 返回课文 2. Typical patterns for recovery of sth. denied earlier 原句:It’s a relief to know that life eventually gave Charlie Chaplin the stable happiness it had earlier denied him. (L. 53) 令人宽慰的是，生活最终把他先前没能得到的稳定的幸福给了卓别林。 句型提炼 It is a relief to know that life/fate eventually/at last gave sb. sth. it had earlier denied him/her. 令人宽慰的是，生活/命运最终把某人先前没能得到的东西给了他/她。 上一页 下一页

应用：a. 令人宽慰的是，新制度最终把黑人奴隶在旧制度中没能得到的自由给了他们。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：a. 令人宽慰的是，新制度最终把黑人奴隶在旧制度中没能得到的自由给了他们。 It’s a relief to know that the new system eventually gave black slaves the freedom the old had earlier denied them. 上一页 下一页

应用：b. 令人宽慰的是，持之以恒最终使他如愿以偿，把他先前由于时运不济无法得到的东西给了他。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：b. 令人宽慰的是，持之以恒最终使他如愿以偿，把他先前由于时运不济无法得到的东西给了他。 It is a relief to know that perseverance eventually gave him the result that he had long desired for but fate had earlier denied him. 上一页 下一页

3. Typical patterns for addition of sth. III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 3. Typical patterns for addition of sth. 原句: His huge fame gave him the freedom — and, more importantly, the money — to be his own master. (L. 35) 他的巨大名声为他带来了自由，更重要的是带来了财富，他因此得以成为自己的主人。 句型提炼 1. Sth. gives / brings sb. sth.—and, more importantly, sth. else—to do / be…(后置定语) 某事为某人带来了······，更重要的是带来了······，他/她因此得以······ 上一页 下一页

应用：a. 她对知识孜孜不倦的追求为她带来了渴望，更重要的是带来了能力，她因此得以发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：a. 她对知识孜孜不倦的追求为她带来了渴望，更重要的是带来了能力，她因此得以发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。 Her devoted pursuit of knowledge gave her the desire — and, more importantly, the ability — to explore and extend a talent she found in herself. 上一页 下一页

应用：b. 他的豁达与宽容为他带来了荣誉，更重要的是带来了机遇，他因此得以出人头地。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：b. 他的豁达与宽容为他带来了荣誉，更重要的是带来了机遇，他因此得以出人头地。 His open-mindedness and tolerance brought him the honor — and, more importantly, the scope, — to be well ahead of others. 上一页 下一页

2. Sth., plus sth. else, are surely… 某事，以及······，正是······ III. Expressions & Patterns 返回课文 Back 原句: This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, are surely the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy. (L. 45) 这种对具体事物的发挥转化，以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧，正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘。 句型提炼 2. Sth., plus sth. else, are surely… 某事，以及······，正是······ 上一页 下一页

应用：a. 金钱，以及他对金钱无休止的贪婪，正是他犯罪的根源。 返回课文 Back III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：a. 金钱，以及他对金钱无休止的贪婪，正是他犯罪的根源。 Money, plus his endless greed for it, are surely the root of his crime. 上一页 下一页

应用：b. 她对周围一切事物浓厚的兴趣，以及她能容下所有人悲伤的宽广胸襟，正是她长寿的秘诀。 返回课文 III. Expressions & Patterns 应用：b. 她对周围一切事物浓厚的兴趣，以及她能容下所有人悲伤的宽广胸襟，正是她长寿的秘诀。 Back Her strong interest in everything around her, plus her heart so large that everybody’s grief can find welcome in it, are surely the secrets of her living to a mighty age. 上一页

IV. Summary Interestingly, _________________ Chaplin came from Britain, he was __________ popular in other countries than in his own mother country. The truth is that most English people _________ the Tramp a little _____. It was generally thought __ them that he had ________ of an eye for the ladies ________ his clothes gave him an appearance more ___ an Italian waiter than ________ else. ________ the image was not gentleman-like according to many despite the fact that much more considered crude by too much and that like anything All in all

IV. Summary English people. ________, the silent movies helped Chaplin to _______ his true nationality from American audiences. He ______ making a talking movie ____ 1936 when he ________ a nonsense language which sounded like no known nationality. He ____ said he thought of the Tramp __ an educated man who had fallen __ hard times. The truth is , however, that he was probably popular because he ________ as character who revolted _______ the privileged classes. However conceal put off until made up once as on was seen against

V. Exercises Comprehension Vocabulary Collocation Word Building 《读写教程4》EX: II, P. 37 Vocabulary 《读写教程4》EX: III, P. 37 《读写教程4》EX: IV, P. 38 Collocation 《读写教程4》EX: V, P. 38 Word Building 《读写教程4》EX: VI, P. 39 《读写教程4》EX: VII, P. 39 Structure 《读写教程4》EX: VIII, P. 40 《读写教程4》EX: IX, P. 40 Translation 《读写教程4》EX: X, P. 41 《读写教程4》EX: XI, P. 41

II. Answer the following questions. III. Exercises--Comprehension Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. II, p. 37 II. Answer the following questions. 1. What do you learn about Charlie Chaplin from the first paragraph of the passage? He lived a poor and miserable life during his childhood.

3. Why didn’t Chaplin’s comic beggar seem very English? III. Exercises--Comprehension Back 2. According to the author, why did Charlie Chaplin win greater popularity in other countries than in his own country, Britain? Possibly because he left Britain when he was young and never came back; most figures he created were not of a gentleman-like British style. 3. Why didn’t Chaplin’s comic beggar seem very English? His dress and behavior were not English.

It was the first movie in which Chaplin used voice for the characters. III. Exercises--Comprehension Back 4. What do you know from this passage about Chaplin’s film named Modern Times? It was the first movie in which Chaplin used voice for the characters. 5. How did Chaplin usually create his great comedy? Using his physical senses to invent his art as he went along without prepared script.

7. What influence did Oona have on Chaplin’s life? III. Exercises--Comprehension Back 6. How can you feel Chaplin’s deep need to be loved and his fear of being betrayed? We can find that from the characters he created, such as the flower girl and the French wife killer. 7. What influence did Oona have on Chaplin’s life? She brought stable happiness to him and became the center of rest in his life.

III. Exercises--Comprehension Back 8. Which word in the last paragraph can best describe the incident mentioned? Comic.

V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. III, p. 37 III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. spark coarse correspond collision doubtful revolt behave memorial immense incident relief rouse applause execute postpone She was very polite and, like the rest of her people, never laughed if an outsider said something ______. The political weakness of these countries ____________ to their economic weakness. coarse corresponded 上一页 下一页

spark coarse correspond collision doubtful revolt behave memorial V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back spark coarse correspond collision doubtful revolt behave memorial immense incident relief rouse applause execute postpone 3. It is ________ whether these filmmaking pioneers had any sense at all of the new invention’s potential significance. 4. Chaplin’s films ______________ my interest in comedy and I went to work for the theatrical company. 5. Now that we have approval we may _______ the scheme as previously agreed. doubtful roused/sparked execute 上一页 下一页

spark coarse correspond collision doubtful revolt behave memorial V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back spark coarse correspond collision doubtful revolt behave memorial immense incident relief rouse applause execute postpone 6. Her husband breathed a sigh of _____ when he learnt Mrs. Baroda wanted to have Gouvernail visit them again. 7. As all the performers were either related to or known to the audience, each act was greeted with loud and equal ________. relief applause 上一页 下一页

spark coarse correspond collision doubtful revolt behave memorial V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back spark coarse correspond collision doubtful revolt behave memorial immense incident relief rouse applause execute postpone 8. With about five years before the opening of Olympic Games 2008 there is a(n) ________ amount of work to be done. immense 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. IV, p. 38 IV. Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb. 1. Charlie Chaplin was born in the slums of south London but in 1913 he left Britain _____ good. for 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back against 2. When non-Europeans revolted ______ colonial rule, they would do so with the slogans of the Rights of Man and national self-determination on their lips. 3. The interview was really stressful. They were trying to trip me _____ all the way through. up 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back 4. His performance last night at the grand theater was greeted _____ cheers. with 5. I couldn’t remember a fairy story to tell the children, so I made _____ one as I went along. up 上一页 下一页

7. They’ll have to cut the film _____ —it’s far too long. V. Exercises--Vocabulary Back 6. I consider also that the decision in question was not appropriate _____ a degree by undue weight being given to the question of an economic crisis. to 7. They’ll have to cut the film _____ —it’s far too long. down 8. Two drivers were killed in a head-on collision _____ a car and a taxi last night. between 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises--Collocation Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. V, p. 38 V. Look at the following sentence taken from your reading passage. Just think about what else you can “resist” and fill in the sentences with the right word. e.g. Indeed, it was a headache for Chaplin when he could no longer resist the talking movies and had to find “the right voice” for his Tramp. 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises--Collocation Back These letters are particularly valuable to us because Pliny was clearly aware of the need to resist the temp_____ to exaggerate and to describe objectively what he had experienced. temptation 2. People sometimes resist ch____ to save face when they think that supporting change would amount to an admission that some of their previous decisions or beliefs were wrong. change 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises--Collocation Back 3. It was such a beautiful place that very few can resist the u___ to stop and sit in one of the small roadside restaurants and simply soak up (吸收) the atmosphere. 4. Without substantially re-thinking their politics, there was little they could do to resist the new po_____ . 5. They are also very confident people with a secure sense of their own identity, and are able to resist the various pre______ brought to them by friends, relatives and society. urge policies pressures 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises--Collocation Back 6. The police had been ordered to open fire if the terrorists resisted ar____. 7. At first he resisted the dem___ for a further investigation, on the grounds that there was insufficient evidence. 8. The researcher must try to resist the att_____ that will certainly get him or her to “take sides”. arrest demand attempts 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. VI, p. 39 VI. The suffix –ist is added to nouns, verbs or adjectives to form new nouns with the meaning of a person believing in or practicing, a person concerned with, or a person who does the specified action. For example: Marx + -ist Marxist: a person believing in Marxism. social socialist: a person believing in socialism. violin violinist: a person who plays the violin. 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back Now have a look at the following words with –ist and think of their meanings. Then fill in the blanks with some of them. Change the form if necessary. educationist activist terrorist capitalist modernist pianist novelist biologist extremist artist idealist tourist 1. As an _____, Chaplin explored and extended a talent he discovered in himself as he went along. artist 上一页 下一页

educationist activist terrorist capitalist modernist pianist novelist V. Exercises—Word Building Back educationist activist terrorist capitalist modernist pianist novelist biologist extremist artist idealist tourist 2. It is reported that one tourist was killed and three were wounded in ________ attacks. 3. The great _______ Dickens might have created Charlie Chaplin’s childhood if he had lived in the same age as Chaplin. terrorist novelist 上一页 下一页

5. A ________ is a person who studies living things. V. Exercises—Word Building Back educationist activist terrorist capitalist modernist pianist novelist biologist extremist artist idealist tourist 4. Women politicians and _______ in the town say they are fighting deeply held cultural traditions. 5. A ________ is a person who studies living things. 6. We all think that Mr. Morris is just an ______ who doesn’t understand the real world. activists biologist idealist 上一页 下一页

educationist activist terrorist capitalist modernist pianist novelist V. Exercises—Word Building Back educationist activist terrorist capitalist modernist pianist novelist biologist extremist artist idealist tourist 7. During that period there was a redistribution of income away from laborers towards landowners and _________. 8. Seaside resorts (度假地) such as Blackpool and Brighton are now preparing for a ______ invasion. capitalists tourist 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. VII, p. 39 VII. The suffix -ism is added to verbs, nouns or adjectives to form new nouns referring to beliefs, behavior, actions or ceremonies. For example: social + -ism socialism: a political and economic theory criticize criticism: the action or process of criticizing terror terrorism: using violence for political aims 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back Now study the following words ending in –ism and then complete the sentences with some of the words given. ageism extremism realism heroism socialism capitalism racism Communism idealism terrorism modernism sexism industrialism criticism humanism 1. _________ knows no borders—it is an international problem and demands international co-operation. Terrorism 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back ageism extremism realism heroism socialism capitalism racism Communism idealism terrorism modernism sexism industrialism criticism humanism 2. Early ____________ began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g. cloth making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. 3. They didn’t even consider her for the job because she was 46—it was a typical case of ______. industrialism ageism 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back ageism extremism realism heroism socialism capitalism racism Communism idealism terrorism modernism sexism industrialism criticism humanism 4. Although his life was packed with drama, exciting travel adventures, wealth and personal ________, in his heart he felt the emptiness of it all. 5. Middle-class audiences’ _______ of Chaplin’s Tramp was that the character was a bit “crude”. idealism criticism 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back ageism extremism realism heroism socialism capitalism racism Communism idealism terrorism modernism sexism industrialism criticism humanism 6. One of my students was awarded a medal for his _______ in saving two drowning children. 7. There is a strong feeling among many black people that ______ is deep-rooted in the country and that black people face discrimination (歧视) in education, training and employment. heroism racism 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Word Building Back ageism extremism realism heroism socialism capitalism racism Communism idealism terrorism modernism sexism industrialism criticism humanism 8. __________ seeks to find new forms of expression and rejects traditional or accepted ideas. Modernism 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Structure Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. VIII, p. 40 VIII. Look at the following model sentence picked up from Passage A. The if-clause is in the past perfect tense whereas the main clause is in future perfect tense. The time is past and what is expressed in the main clause cannot be fulfilled because the action in the if-clause didn’t happen. Now combine the 2 independent sentences into one after the model. 上一页 下一页

He would be unlikely to achieve world fame. V. Exercises—Structure Back Model: He had not been able to speak with an educated accent in those early short comedy movies. He would be unlikely to achieve world fame. If he’d been able to speak with an educated accent in those early short comedy movies, it’s doubtful if he would have achieved world fame. 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Structure Back I had no idea that you were coming. So I didn’t meet you at the airport. If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. 2. He did not try to leave the country. So he was not stopped at the frontier. If he had tried to leave the country, he would have been stopped at the frontier. 上一页 下一页

3. We hadn’t found him earlier. So we could not save his life. V. Exercises—Structure Back 3. We hadn’t found him earlier. So we could not save his life. If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life. 4. I failed to catch that plane. So I was lucky not to be killed in the air crash. If I had caught that plane, I would have been killed in the air crash. 5. He had been in poor health. So he hadn’t written many books. If he had been in better health, he could have written more books. 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Structure Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. IX, p. 40 IX. Combine the following sentences using “it” as the formal subject for an infinitive clause. Model: Life eventually gave Charlie Chaplin the stable happiness it had earlier denied him. It is a relief. It’s a relief to know that life eventually gave Charlie Chaplin the stable happiness it had earlier denied him. 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Structure Back Mr. Lawrence has much time left for anything else, with so much going on at the office. It is a wonder. With so much going on at the office, it is a wonder to find that Mr. Lawrence has much time left for anything else. 2. Television enjoys its greatest competitive advantage on information. It is a surprise to us. It is a surprise to us to find that television enjoys its greatest competitive advantage on information. 上一页 下一页

4. We have run out of water and food. It is a fact. V. Exercises—Structure Back 3. The students will get the new facts in the lecture confused with their existing knowledge. It is a possibility for us to expect. It is a possibility for us to expect that the students will get the new facts in the lecture confused with their existing knowledge. 4. We have run out of water and food. It is a fact. It is a fact to know that we have run out of water and food. 上一页 下一页

V. Exercises—Structure Back 5. The driver controlled the car during the stormy weather. It is a relief. It is a relief to learn that the driver controlled the car during the stormy weather. 上一页 下一页

X. Translate the following into English. V. Exercises—Translation Back 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. X, p. 41 X. Translate the following into English. 1. 或许别的作家也会写出关于伦敦的故事，可 是只有他才能创造出大卫这样一个使其创造者声名永驻的人物。 might have written give sb. permanent fame Other writers might have written stories about London. But only he could have created the character David, who gave his creator permanent fame. 上一页 下一页

2. 比起其他的国家，就这位科学家而言，中国给予了他更多的掌声，更多的荣誉，当然更多的收益。 V. Exercises—Translation Back 2. 比起其他的国家，就这位科学家而言，中国给予了他更多的掌声，更多的荣誉，当然更多的收益。 sb. is concerned provide more applause, more honor China has provided more applause, more honor and, of course, more profit where this scientist is concerned than any other countries. 上一页 下一页

3. 他感觉到了一种冲动，要将这个技巧运用得完美无缺。 V. Exercises—Translation Back 3. 他感觉到了一种冲动，要将这个技巧运用得完美无缺。 execute sth. perfectly have an urge He had an urge to execute this skill perfectly. 上一页 下一页

execute it again and again V. Exercises—Translation Back 4. 这种对具体事物的发挥转化，以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧，正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘。 physical transformation execute it again and again plus This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed it again and again, are surely the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy. 上一页 下一页

5. 而这种吃惊唤起了他的想象。卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。他是那种边表演边根据身体感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。 V. Exercises—Translation Back 5. 而这种吃惊唤起了他的想象。卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。他是那种边表演边根据身体感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。 physical senses have his jokes written into a script in advance rouse his imagination invent art But that shock roused his imagination. Chaplin didn’t have his jokes written into a script in advance; he was the kind of comic who used his physical senses to invent his art as he went along. 上一页 下一页

6. 他也深切地渴望被爱，也相应地害怕遭到背叛。这两者很难结合在一起，有时这种冲突导致了灾难，就像他早期的几次婚姻那样。 V. Exercises—Translation Back 6. 他也深切地渴望被爱，也相应地害怕遭到背叛。这两者很难结合在一起，有时这种冲突导致了灾难，就像他早期的几次婚姻那样。 fear of being betrayed have a deep need to be loved be hard to combine He also had a deep need to be loved—and a corresponding fear of being betrayed. The two were hard to combine and sometimes— as in his early marriages—the collision between them resulted in disaster. 上一页 下一页

7. 尽管她从未对自己的能力失去信心，但她能否进入最佳演出状态还值得怀疑。 V. Exercises—Translation Back 7. 尽管她从未对自己的能力失去信心，但她能否进入最佳演出状态还值得怀疑。 it is doubtful… find one’s way into lose one’s faith in It’s doubtful whether she can find her way into perfect acting, though she never loses her faith in her own ability. 上一页 下一页

8. 令人宽慰的是，他终于在临终前写完了这本被看作其写作生涯最好纪念的书。 V. Exercises—Translation Back 8. 令人宽慰的是，他终于在临终前写完了这本被看作其写作生涯最好纪念的书。 be regarded as It is a relief to know that… a fitting memorial to his life as a writer It was a relief to know that he finally finished the book before his death, which was regarded as a fitting memorial to his life as a writer. 上一页 下一页

但只有查理•卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色“流浪者”，这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。 Back V. Exercises--Translation 《读写教程 IV》: Ex. XI, p. 41 XI. Translate the following into Chinese. 1. But only Charlie Chaplin could have created the great comic character of “The Tramp”, the little man in rags who gave his creator permanent fame. 但只有查理•卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色“流浪者”，这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。 下一页 上一页

尽管如此，卓别林的喜剧乞丐形象并不显得那么像英国人，甚至也没有劳动阶级的特色。 Back V. Exercises--Translation 2. All the same, Chaplin’s comic beggar didn’t seem all that English or even working class. 尽管如此，卓别林的喜剧乞丐形象并不显得那么像英国人，甚至也没有劳动阶级的特色。 上一页 下一页

但假如他在早期那些短小喜剧电影中能操一口受过教育的人的口音，则他是否会闻名世界就值得怀疑了，而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。 Back V. Exercises--Translation 3. But if he’d been able to speak with an educated accent in those early short comedy movies, it’s doubtful if he would have achieved world fame—and the English would have been sure to find it “odd”. 但假如他在早期那些短小喜剧电影中能操一口受过教育的人的口音，则他是否会闻名世界就值得怀疑了，而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。 上一页 下一页

随着事业的发展，他感到了一种冲动要去发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。 Back V. Exercises--Translation 4. He already had the urge to explore and extend a talent he discovered in himself as he went along. 随着事业的发展，他感到了一种冲动要去发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。 上一页 下一页

没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。 Back V. Exercises--Translation 5. Lifeless objects especially helped Chaplin make “contact” with himself as an artist. 没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。 上一页 下一页

然而即使是这种以沉重代价换来的自知之明也在他的喜剧创作中得到了表现。 Back V. Exercises--Translation 6. Yet even this painfully-bought self-knowledge found its way into his comic creations. 然而即使是这种以沉重代价换来的自知之明也在他的喜剧创作中得到了表现。 上一页 下一页

Back V. Exercises--Translation 7. As Oona herself was the child of a large family with its own problems, she was well-prepared for the battle that Chaplin’s life became as unfounded rumors of Marxist sympathies surrounded them both—and, later on, she was the center of rest in the quarrels that Chaplin sometimes sparked in their own large family of talented children. 上一页 下一页

Back V. Exercises--Translation 由于沃娜本人出生在一个被各种麻烦困扰的大家庭，她对卓别林生活中将面临的挑战也做好了充分准备，因为当时有毫无根据的流言说他俩是马克思主义的同情者。后来在他们自己的有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中，卓别林有时会引发争吵，而她则成了安宁的中心。 上一页 下一页

但是人们不禁会感到，卓别林一定会把这一奇怪的事情看作是对他的十分恰当的纪念。他以这种方式给这个自己曾带来那么多笑声的世界留下了最后的笑声。 V. Exercises--Translation 8. But one can’t help feeling Chaplin would have regarded this strange incident as a fitting memorial—his way of having the last laugh on a world to which he had given so many. 但是人们不禁会感到，卓别林一定会把这一奇怪的事情看作是对他的十分恰当的纪念。他以这种方式给这个自己曾带来那么多笑声的世界留下了最后的笑声。 上一页

My Insight into Sth. Instructive Ⅵ. Writing My Insight into Sth. Instructive 1. 怎样理解/为什么说······？ 2. 例如,······ 3. 又如,······ （举例说明文） 写作模式 参考范文

写作模式（举例说明文） （划线部分可替换） Back 1) A closer analysis/study of the proverb/ motto/saying/epigram— … —tells/suggests that … 2) In other words,… 3) This rule holds true for many cases in our life/Our life abounds with cases in point. 4) Just think of/consider, for example,… 5) … (面临的困难或障碍) 6) To make things worse,… (更大的困难或障碍) 7) Stuck in the straits,… (另谋成功之路并如愿以偿) 8) Only through such adjustments in his/pursuits did… (结论句) （划线部分可替换） 上一页 下一页

Ⅵ. Writing Back 9) Another case in point is that of… 10) Repeated failures in… convinced him/her of the fact that there would be no hope of realizing his /her life value along this road. 11) After several days of hard thinking, he/she resolved to take another way—… 12) Now as…, he often repeats his motto:… (结论句) （划线部分可替换） 上一页 下一页

1) 怎样理解“条条大路通罗马”？ 2）例如，······ 3）又如，······ All Roads Lead to Rome Ⅵ. Writing Back All Roads Lead to Rome 1) 怎样理解“条条大路通罗马”？ 2）例如，······ 3）又如，······ 上一页 下一页

Ⅵ. Writing Back 1) A closer study of the proverb—All roads lead to Rome—tells that your sensible and proper adjustments in the course of your life always lead you to success. 2) In other words, when things go wrong and you can not make it to your intended target, you still stand chances of success as long as you don’t give up trying and meanwhile make some effective adjustments. 3) This rule holds true for many cases in our life. 上一页 下一页

Ⅵ. Writing Back 4) Just think of, for example, the story of Charlie Chaplin. 5) He was born into a poor family, with his childhood suffering from his mother’s mental disorder and an unstable life. 6) To make things worse, his native country, Britain, showed great dislike for his coarse act on the stage. 7) Stuck in the straits, Chaplin chose to quit his motherland for the USA, where he found his lifelong stage on which to give fullest play to his talents. 8) Only through such changes in his pursuits did Chaplin achieve world fame. 上一页 下一页

Ⅵ. Writing Back 9) Another case in point is that of my elder brother. 10) Repeated failures in the National College Entrance Examinations convinced him of the fact that there would be little hope of realizing his life value along this road. 11) After several days of hard thinking, he resolved to take another way—planting rare flowers and herbs. 12) Now as the manager of a big floriculture company, he often repeats his motto: When there is no beam of light in the east, there must be a ray of hope in the west. THE END 上一页

Text 返回 查理·卓别林 Para. 1 他出生在伦敦南部的一个贫困地区，他所穿的短袜是从妈妈的红色长袜上剪下来的。他妈妈一度被诊断为精神失常。狄更斯或许会创作出查理·卓别林的童年故事，但只有查理·卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色“流浪者”，这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。

Text 返回 Para. 2 就卓别林而言，其他国家，如法国、意大利、西班牙，甚至日本和朝鲜，比他的出生地给予了他更多的掌声(和更多的收益)。卓别林在1913年永久地离开了英国，与一些演员一起启程到美国进行舞台喜剧表演。在那里，他被星探招募到好莱坞喜剧片之王麦克·塞纳特的旗下工作。

Text 返回 Para. 3     不幸的是，20世纪二三十年代的很多英国人认为卓别林的 “流浪者” 多少有点“粗俗”。中产阶级当然这样认为；劳动阶级倒更有可能为这样一个反抗权势的角色拍手喝彩：他以顽皮的小拐杖使绊子，或把皮靴后跟对准权势者宽大的臀部一踢。尽管如此，卓别林的喜剧乞丐形象并不那么像英国人，甚至也不像劳动阶级的人。

Text 返回 Para. 3 英国流浪者并不留小胡子，也不穿肥大的裤子或燕尾服：欧洲的领导人和意大利的侍者才那样穿戴。另外，流浪汉瞟着漂亮女孩的眼神也有些粗俗，被英国观众认为不太正派—只有外国人才那样，不是吗？而在卓别林大半的银幕生涯中，银幕上的他是不出声的，也就无法证明他是英国人。

Text 返回 Para. 4  事实上，当卓别林再也无法抵制有声电影，不得不为他的流浪者找 “合适的声音”时，那确实令他头痛。他尽可能地推迟那一天的到来： 1936年的《摩登时代》是第一部他在影片里发声唱歌的电影，他扮演一名侍者，操着编造的胡言乱语，听起来不像任何国家的语言。后来他说，他想像中的流浪汉是一位受过大学教育，但已经家道败落的绅士。但假如他在早期那些短小喜剧电影中能操一口受过教育的人的口音，那么他是否会闻名世界就值得怀疑了，而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。虽然没有人知道卓别林这么干是不是有意的，但是这促使他获得了巨大的成功。

Text 返回 Para. 5 他是一个有巨大才能的人，他的决心之大甚至在好莱坞明星中也是十分少见的。他的巨大名声为他带来了自由，更重要的是带来了财富，他因此得以成为自己的主人。随着事业的发展，他感到了一种冲动要去发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。当他第一次在银幕上看到自己扮演的流浪汉时，他说：“这不可能是我。那可能吗？瞧这角色多么与众不同啊！”

Text 返回 Para. 6 而这种吃惊唤起了他的想像。卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。他是那种边表演边根据身体感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。他会将这些物体发挥成其他东西。因此，在《当铺老板》中，一个坏闹钟变成了正在接受手术的“病人”；在《淘金记》中，靴子被煮熟，靴底蘸着盐和胡椒被吃掉，就像上好的鱼片(鞋钉就像鱼骨那样被剔除)。这种对具体事物的发挥转化，以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧，正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘。

Text 返回 Para. 7 他也深切地渴望被爱，同时相应地害怕遭到背叛。这两者很难结合在一起，有时这种冲突导致了灾难，就像他早期的几次婚姻那样。然而即使是这种以沉重代价换来的自知之明也在他的喜剧创作中得到了表现。流浪汉始终没有失去对卖花女的信心，相信她正等待着与自己共同走进夕阳之中；而卓别林的另一面使他的《凡尔杜先生》，一个杀了妻子的法国人，成为了仇恨女人的象征。

Text 返回 Para. 8 令人宽慰的是，生活最终把他先前没能获得的稳定的幸福给了卓别林。他找到了沃娜·奥尼尔·卓别林这个伴侣。她的稳定和深情跨越了他们之间37岁的年龄差距。他们的年龄差别太大，以致当1942年他们要结婚时，新娘公布了他们的结婚日期后，为他们办理手续的官员问这位漂亮的17岁姑娘： “那年轻人在哪儿?”—当时已经54岁的卓别林一直小心翼翼地在外面等候着。

Text 返回 Para. 8 由于沃娜本人出生在一个被各种麻烦困扰的大家庭，她对卓别林生活中将面临的挑战也做好了充分准备，因为当时有毫无根据的流言说他俩是马克思主义的同情者。后来在他们自己的有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中，卓别林有时会引发争吵，而她则成了安宁的中心。

Text 返回 Para. 9 卓别林死于1977年圣诞节。几个月后，几个近乎可笑的盗尸者从他的家庭墓室盗走了他的尸体以借此诈钱。警方追回了他的尸体，其效率比麦克·塞纳特拍摄的启斯东喜剧片中的笨拙警察要高得多。但是人们不禁会感到，卓别林一定会把这一奇怪的事件看作是对他的十分恰当的纪念 — 他以这种方式给这个自己曾带来这么多笑声的世界留下最后的笑声。