第二部分 语法专题 精讲必备考点 专题十五 情景交际 考点一 问候 考点七 请求允许 考点二 介绍 考点八 祝愿、祝贺 考点三 告别 第二部分 语法专题 专题十五 情景交际 精讲必备考点 ◎ 考点一 问候 考点七 请求允许 考点二 介绍 考点八 祝愿、祝贺 考点三 告别 考点九 提供帮助 考点四 感谢 考点十 约会 考点五 道歉 考点十一 打电话及接电话 考点六 邀请 考点十二 就餐

考点十三 看病 考点十四 购物 考点十五 问路 考点十六 谈论天气 考点十七 语言交际困难 考点十八 警告和禁止 考点十九 劝告 考点二十 建议 考点二十一 表示同意或不同意 考点二十二 喜好、厌恶和和偏爱 考点二十三 表示肯定、否定及不确定 考点二十四 关心和焦虑

考点二十五 赞美、恭维 考点二十六 爱好 考点二十七 询问国籍、籍贯、姓名及职业 考点二十八 表示遗憾、同情 考点二十九 时间和日期 考点三十 意愿、计划和希望 考点三十一 判断和意见

考点一 问候 1．直接问候的常用语 — Hello / Hi. — Good morning / afternoon / evening. — How do you do? — Glad / Nice to meet you — Glad / Nice to meet you, too. — How are you? / How have you been? — Fine, thank you. — How’s everything with you? / How is everything going? / How are you getting on? / What’s up? — Pretty well. / Very well. / Everything is OK. / Not too bad.

2．间接问候的常用语 Please give my regards / best wishes / love to ... Please remember me to ... Say hi ／ hello to ... (from me / us). 注意： 上述问候都可以用Of course.／Sure, I will.来回答。 【典例精析】 1. — Go morning, Miss Zhang! — __________！ A. Good morning B. Good afternoon C. Good evening D. Good night 解析：good morning的答语依然是good morning。 答案：A。

2. — How are you going, buddy? — __________. A little busy, though. A. Not too bad B. Can’t be worse C. On my own D. By train 解析：问句意为“伙计，最近怎么样？”根据答语的第二句意为“尽管有点忙。”可知，答话人对自己最近的状态还比较满意。A项意为“还不错”；B项意为“不能再差了”；C项意为“独自”；D项意为“乘火车”。 答案：A。

考点二 介绍 1. 自我介绍的常用语 My name is ... I’m a student / worker / ... 2. 介绍他人常用语 This is ... I’d like you to meet ... Let me introduce you to ... I’d like to introduce ...(to you). I want to introduce ... (to you). May I introduce you to ...?

考点三 告别 1. 告别前的常用语 I’m afraid I must be off / going / leaving now. I think it’s time for me to leave / go now. Well, it’s getting late. I’m sorry I have to go now. I’ve got to go now. 2. 双方互相告别时的常用语 Good-bye! / Bye! / Bye for now. / Bye-bye! Be seeing you soon. / See you. / See you later.

考点四 感谢 1. 表示感谢的常用语 Thank you (very much). Thank you for ... Thanks (a lot) / (a million). Many thanks. I don’t know how to thank you. I’m really grateful to you. That’s most kind of you. It’s kind / nice of you. Thank you just the same. Thank you all the same.

2. 对感谢的应答 You’re welcome. Not at all. It’s a / my pleasure. I’m glad I could do it. That’s OK / all right. 【典例精析】 — Congratulation. Your performance is excellent! — __________. A. Oh, no B. Many thanks C. It’s okay D. No problem 解析：别人对自己表示祝贺和夸奖，当然要表示感谢。 答案：B。

考点五 道歉 1. 表示道歉的常用语 Excuse / Pardon me for ... I’m really sorry for ... I’m awfully sorry. I don’t mean to ... I’m so sorry. It’s all my fault. I’m terribly sorry about ... It was wrong of me to do ... I really feel bad about ... I regret that ... Please forgive me for ... 2. 打扰或麻烦别人时的常用语 Excuse me, please. Excuse me, ...

3. 对道歉的应答 That’s OK / all right. It doesn’t matter. Never mind. It’s / That’s nothing (serious). It really isn’t worth mentioning. Don’t say more about it. Never mind, it doesn’t really matter. Please don’t worry about it. Please think nothing of it. Well, it’s one of those things. Forget (thinking of) it.

【典例精析】 1. — I’m very sorry. I broke your tea cup. — __________. A. It doesn’t matter B. You’d better not C. Take it easy D. It’s too bad 解析：根据句意可知，说话人是在向对方道歉，四个选项中只有It doesn’t matter.作为答语最恰当。 答案：A。 2. — I’m sorry that I shouted at you this morning. — __________, but please don’t get angry so often. A. All right B. No problem C. Never mind D. With pleasure 解析：对方向自己道歉，自己应该大方接受并表示不介意。 答案：C。

考点六 邀请 1. 表示邀请的常用语 Will / Would / Can / Could you come to ...? Would you like to ...? May I invite you to ...? What / How about ...? I’d like you to come to ... 2. 接受邀请的常用语 Yes, I’d love / like to. Thanks. / Thank you. Yes, it’s very kind / nice of you. That sounds good / great / fun / nice. 3. 拒绝邀请的常用语 I’d love to, but ... I’m afraid I can’t. Because ...

It’s very kind / nice of you. But ... I’m sorry I can’t. I have to ... No, thank you. 【典例精析】 — Would you like to go out to play basketball with me? — __________, but I should finish my homework first. A. It’s hard to say B. You’re welcome C. I’d love to D. You’re right 解析：接受对方的邀请时，常用Yes, I’d love / like to.作答。 答案：C。

考点七 请求允许 1. 表示请求允许的常用语 Can / Could / May I ...? (直接) Would / Do you mind if I do ...? (婉转1) I wonder if I could / can ...? (婉转2) 2. 表示同意请求或允许的常用语 ⑴ 直接问句的常用答语 Yes. / Sure. / Certainly. Of course, you may. Yes, do please. Go ahead, please. That’s OK. / That’s all right.

⑵ 婉转问句1的常用答语 No, I don’t mind. Certainly not. / Of course not. No, go ahead. Not at all. ⑶ 婉转问句2的常用答语 Sure, go ahead. / Yes, please do. Yes. / Of course. / Certainly. 3. 表示不同意请求或不允许的常用语 ⑴ 直接问句的常用答语 No, pleased don’t. I’m sorry you can’t. I’m sorry, but ... You’d better not ...

⑵ 婉转问句1的常用答语 I’m sorry you can’t ... I’m afraid ... I’m afraid it’s not allowed. ⑶ 婉转问句2的常用答语 I’m sorry, but ... I’m afraid not. No, please don’t. You’d better not ...

【典例精析】 1. — Cindy, would you mind not opening the window? It’s cold outside. — __________. A. I’d like to B. Sorry, I’ll do it right now C. Yes, that sounds good D. No, I wouldn’t 解析：I’d like to.我很乐意；Sorry, I’ll do it right away.对不起，我马上照做；Yes, that sounds good.是的，听起来不错；No, I wouldn’t.不，我不愿意。根据句意可知，说话人不想让打开窗户，只有B项最符合情境。 答案：B。

2. — Can I park my car here, sir? — __________. You see, there’s much traffic here. A. Never mind B. You’d better not C. Of course not D. Yes, please 解析：根据句意可知，答话人婉转拒绝了问话人提出的请求。 答案：B。

考点八 祝愿、祝贺 1. 祝贺常用语 Congratulations (to you). Happy birthday. Happy New Year. Merry Christmas. 2. 祝愿常用语 Good luck to you. Good luck with your trip. Have a good trip／journey. I wish you a good trip／journey. Good trip to you. Nice journey to you. Have a nice／pleasant／wonderful time. Have fun. Enjoy yourself.

【典例精析】 1. — I will have a maths test tomorrow. — __________! A. Good luck B. Thank you C. Well done D. The same to you 解析：根据句意可知，说话人要参加考试，希望得到祝福。 答案：A。 2. — Mum, I’ve got the first prize in the photo competition. — __________! A. Good luck B. Not at all C. Good idea D. Congratulations 解析：根据句意可知，说话人取得了好成绩后希望得到祝贺。 答案：D。

考点九 提供帮助 1. 向别人提供帮助的常用语 Can / Could / Shall I help you (with that)? Can / Could / Shall I do sth. for you? What can I do for you? Would you like some / any help? Would you like me to do sth. for you? Do you want me to ...? Is there anything (else) I can do (for you)? Let me do sth. for you. 2. 请求别人帮助的常用语 Help! Would / Could you help me, please? Could you give me a hand?

Can you do me a favor? Do you mind helping me? 3. 接受帮助的常用语 Thank you / Thanks a lot / Thank you very much (for your help). Yes, please. / Thanks, please. Thanks. That’s very kind /good / nice (of you). Thank you. That would be nice. 4.谢绝帮助的常用语 No, thanks. Thanks. I can manage it myself. Thank you, but I can do it myself. I can do it, but thank you all the same.

【典例精析】 __________? — I’m looking for a pair of google glasses for my grandson. A. How is it going B. Who’s that speaking C. What can I do for you 解析：根据句意可知，对话发生在商店里，很明显，答话人为顾客，问话人是售货员。售货员询问顾客的需要时常说的一句就是What can I do for you? 答案：C。

考点十 约会 1. 询问对方是否有时间的常用问句和答语 ⑴ 问句 Will you be free tonight / tomorrow / ...? Are you free this afternoon / Saturday / ...? ⑵ 肯定回答：Yes, I’ll be free (tonight / tomorrow ...). Yes, I’ll be free then. 否定回答：No, I won’t be free (tonight / tomorrow ...). But I’ll be free ... No, I won’t be free then. I’m afraid not. I’m afraid I won’t be free tonight / tomorrow ...

2. 询问约会的时间、地点的常用语 What time / When shall we meet? Where is the best place to meet? How about 5 pm / tonight / tomorrow ...? What / How about (meeting) at the gate / outside the station ...? Shall we meet at 7:30 pm at the gate? I’ll meet you at the theatre at 7:30 pm. I suggest 7 o’clock. 考点十一 打电话及接电话 1. 打电话的常用语 Hello, this is ... Hello, ... (电话号码) Can／may／could I speak to ..., please?

Is ... in／at home? Hello, is that ... speaking? Who is (that) speaking／calling, please? Will／Would you give a message to ..., please? Would you tell him my telephone number, please? Could you ask him to ring me back, please? I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again. 2. 接电话的常用语 This is ... speaking. Yes, (this is) ... speaking. Yes, it’s ... here. Hold on／Wait a minute／One moment, please. I’m sorry ... is out / not in／at home now. Can I take a message (for him / her)?

Does he / she have your telephone number? I’ll ask him to call you back. Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number. 考点十二 就餐 1. 服务员或主人询问客人的用餐意愿时的常用语 What would you like to eat / drink? Would you like sth. to eat / drink? Would you like some more ...? How about (some more) ...? 2. 在饭店就餐时回答服务员的常用语 I’d like ... Just a moment, please. I’m waiting for my friends. Let me see your menu.

3. 主人劝客人用餐时的常用语 Help yourself to ...? Let me give you ...? Make yourself at home. 4. 在别人家就餐时回答主人的常用语 Yes, please. I’d like ... Well, just a little, please. No, thanks. Thank you, I’ve had enough. I’m full, thank you.

【典例精析】 1. — Help yourselves to some fish, boys! — __________. A. Thanks, but we’re full B. Good news C. No, please D. Thank you all the same 解析：Thanks, but we’re full.谢谢，但是我们饱了。Good news.好消息。No, please.不，谢谢。Thank you all the same.仍然谢谢你。根据句意和常识可知，A选项最符合语境。 答案：A。 2. — Would you like some dumplings for lunch? — __________. I’m full. A. Yes, please B. Sure, I’d love to C. No, thanks 解析：根据答语可知，答话人做了否定回答。 答案：C。

考点十三 看病 1. 医生诊断时的常用语 What’s wrong / the matter / the trouble with you? Is there anything wrong with you? (Lie down and) let me look over / exam you. Does it hurt here? How long have you felt like this? Have you taken your temperature. You have a high temperature. 2. 病人诉说病情时的常用语 I feel terrible / bad / ill sick. I don’t feel well. I’m not feeling well. I’m not in good health.

There is something wrong with my ... I have / have got ... My back / nose hurts / aches. This place hurts. I don’t feel like eating. 3. 医生对病人提出医嘱时的常用语 It’s nothing serious. You’d better have a good rest. Take this medicine three times a day. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. You’d better stay in bed until you feel better. Take 2 pills now and 2 more in 4 hours’ time. I advise you (not) to ... I suggest you ... You’ll be / get well / all right soon.

【典例精析】 __________? — I have a headache and I don’t feel like eating anything. A. How are you B. What can I do for you C. What’s the matter with you D. How do you like it 解析：根据答语“我头疼，不想吃任何东西。”可知，上句应该是问“你怎么了”。 答案：C。

考点十四 购物 1. 售货员的常用语 Can / May I help you? What can I do for you? What color / size / kind of ... do you want? Anything else? Is that all? Here it is. 2. 顾客的常用语 I’d like ... （for ...） I don’t like this color. It’s too small / big. It’s not suit me. Do you have any other color / size / kind of ...?

It’s a little expensive. Can it be cheaper? I’ll take it / them. Here’s the money. 考点十五 问路 1. 问路的常用语 Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to ...? Excuse me. How can I get to ...? Excuse me, please, where is ...? Excuse me, which bus goes to ...? How far is it from here (to ...)? 2. 指路的常用语 It’s about ... meters from here. It’s about ... yards / meters down this street.

Go straight ahead till you see ... Go down / along this street. Take this street / road. Go through the gate and you’ll find the entrance to ... Go down / along this street till you get to ... Turn right / left at the first / second crossing. You’d better take a taxi / minibus / No. 5 bus ... Sorry, I don’t know. I’m a stranger / newer here, too. / You’d better ask the policeman over there. 【典例精析】 __________, please. Could you tell me which BRT I can take to get to Jinan Railway Station? — Take No.15 bus and transfer to No. B1 BRT. A. Excuse me B. Yes C. Sure D. Hello 解析：在向别人求助时，常先说Excuse me以引起对方的注意和表示自己的礼貌。 答案：A。

考点十六 谈论天气 1. 询问天气情况的常用语 What’s / How’s the weather like today? What’s the weather going to be like tomorrow? How’s the weather like in Dongguan? 2. 陈述天气情况的常用语 It is raining / blowing / snowing, (isn’t it)? It’s rather hot / cold / ... today, （isn’t it）? Lovely weather, （isn’t it）? It is + fine / cloudy / sunny / ... (today). What a heavy rain! What a cold day today! It’s getting cool / hot / warm / cold.

【典例精析】 — TV says there will be a storm tomorrow. — __________. I planned to go climbing with my classmates. A. I hope so B. I’m afraid so C. Sounds good D. Bad luck 解析：根据句意可知，答话人的计划不能完成了，他应该感到很难过，觉得自己很倒霉。 答案：D。

考点十七 语言交际困难 1. 听不懂对方说话时的常用语 Pardon? / Beg your pardon? / I beg your pardon. Please say that again / more slowly. Would you mind repeating that? Could you say that again? Would you please say that again? Would you please say that more slowly? I’m sorry. I didn’t quite follow / catch you. I’m afraid I didn’t follow / catch you. 2. 怕对方听不懂自己说话时的常用语 Is that clear? Have I made myself clear? Do you understand? Do you see what I mean?

3. 不知道该如何表达时的常用语 I’m sorry, I know only a little English. I don’t know how to say it in English / I don’t know the exact word in English, but it is something like ... 考点十八 警告和禁止 Look out! / Be careful! / Take care! You can’t do that. Don’t do sth. or ... If you ... you’ll ... Don’t smoke! / No smoking! Don’t be late! Don’t take pictures here! / No photos. No parking! No spitting!

考点十九 劝告 You’d better (not) do sth. ... You should do sth. You need (to) do sth. Don’t hurry / run / rush ... Please stand in line. 【典例精析】 — Would you mind if I sing here? — __________. Look at the sign. It says “Be Quiet”. A.Of course not. B. Better not. C. Not at all. D. I don’t mind. 解析：根据答语的中的Be Quiet可知，说话人所在的地方是不允许喧哗的。所以答话人劝问话人最好不要唱。 答案：B。

考点二十 建议 1. Why don’t you do sth.? 以反问的方式提出劝告或建议，含有“建议对方去做某事”的意思，而不是询问对方为何不去做某事的原因。 2. What / How about + 名词或动名词 ...? 有征求对方意见的意思，多数情况下是建议和对方一起做某事。 3. Shall we ...? 用于建议对方与自己一起做某事。和Let’s ..., shall we?句型可以互换。 4. 用suggest作谓语的陈述句 这种句子用于表达比较正式的建议。suggest后面常跟名词、动名词或that从句作宾语。注意跟从句时，从句中的谓语用“should + 动词原形”。

考点二十一 表示同意或不同意 1. 表示同意的常用语 Certainly. / Sure. / Of course. No problem. Yes, I think so. I agree with sb. I agree to (do) sth. I agree that ... Good idea! / That’s a good idea. It’s a good idea to do sth. Yes, please. You are right. That’s true. / OK. / All right.

That’s just what I think. That’s my opinion, too. There’s no doubt about it. 2. 表示不同意的常用语 No, I don’t think so. I don’t agree with sb. I don’t agree to sth. I don’t agree that. I’m afraid not. 考点二十二 喜好、厌恶和偏爱 1. 表示喜好的常用语 I like / love sth. / sb. I like / love doing / to do sth. I enjoy sth. / doing sth.

2. 表示厌恶的常用语 I don’t like / love sth. / sb. I don’t like / love to do / doing sth. I hate (to) ... I don’t enjoy sth. / doing sth. 3. 表示偏爱的常用语 I prefer sth. I prefer A to B. I prefer to do sth. I like sth. / sb. better. 【典例精析】 — Which one of these do you want? — __________. Either will be OK. A. No problem B. I’m sure C. Come on D. I don’t mind 解析：根据答语的第二句可知，答话人觉得都可以，需要表示“不介意”的一项。 答案：D。

考点二十三 表示肯定、否定及不确定 1. 表示肯定的常用语 Sure. / Of course. / Certainly. I’m sure of / about ... I’m sure that ... That’s sure. 2. 表示否定的常用语 No. 3. 表示不确定的常用语 I’m not sure of / about ... I’m not sure whether / if ... Maybe. / Perhaps.

考点二十四 关心和焦虑 What’s wrong ／ the matter (with) ...? (Is there) anything the matter? We are anxious ／ worried about ... There is no need to be worried. There is nothing to worry about. 考点二十五 赞美、恭维 1. 表示赞美、恭维的常用语 It’s beautiful. It’s a lovely picture! I’m glad / pleased you did ... How clever of you! I like the way you did ... I’ve never seen such a ...

What a nice coat you have! You look very smart today! What a wonderful house! It matches your suit perfectly. That’s a very nice suit you’ve got on. You’ve certainly given us a very excellent lecture. You have a beautiful smile. You have a good sense of humor. Your car is nice. This is a lovely dinner. / The dinner is great. You look wonderful this evening! Well done! I’m so happy for you!

2. 对赞美、恭维的应答 Thanks for saying so. Thank you. / Thanks. How kind of you to say that. I’m glad to hear that. 【典例精析】 1. — What a beautiful dress you are wearing today! — __________. It’s nice of you to say so. A. Not at all B. Never mind C. Oh, no D. Thanks 解析：对别人对自己的赞美要首先表示感谢才最礼貌。 答案：D。

2. — What do you think of the documentary A Bite of China. —__________. It has attracted lots of TV audiences. A. Enjoy yourself B. Many thanks C. Pretty good D. It’s hard to say 解析：根据答语的第二句可知，纪录片《舌尖上的中国》吸引了很多观众，说明答话人对这个节目很满意，用了一些赞美之词。 答案：C。

考点二十六 爱好 1. 询问对方的爱好的常用语 What are your hobbies? What do you often do in your free / spare time? What is your favorite sport? Do you like playing chess / drawing / ...? What are you interested in after school / work? 2. 叙述自己的爱好的常用语 My hobby is ... I enjoy watching TV / listening to music ... I like / love collecting stamps / fishing... I find ... very interesting.

考点二十七 询问国籍、籍贯、姓名及职业 What’s your nationality? Are you American? Are you from America / Britain? Where are you from? What are you? What do you do? What’s your name? 【典例精析】 — What does your cousin do? — __________. A. He works in a factory B. He’s an artist C. He’s drawing 解析：根据句意可知，问话人问的是职业，只有B回答的是职业。 答案：B。

考点二十八 表示遗憾、同情 1. 表示遗憾的常用语 I’m afraid that ... It’s a pity (that) ... What a pity / shame! 2. 表示同情的常用语 I’m sorry to hear ... I’m so sorry (to hear that). 【典例精析】 — I have a pain in my back. — __________. You’d better see a doctor. A. I’m sorry to hear that B. Nothing serious C. It doesn’t matter 解析：根据常识，听到对方生病，应该先表示难过和同情。 答案：A。

考点二十九 时间和日期 1. 询问时间和日期的常用语 What’s the time, please? What time is it? What day is it today? What’s the date today? 2. 回答时间和日期的常用语 It’s half past five / one quarter to eight / ... It’s 7:48. It’s Monday. It’s July 17th. It’s time to do sth. It’s time for sth.

考点三十 意愿、计划和希望 1. 询问对方意愿、计划和希望时的常用语 What do you want / plan / intend / hope to do? What’s your plan for ...? What do you feel like doing? What would you like to do sth.? Would you like to do sth.? 2. 回答对方提问意愿、计划和希望时的常用语 I want / plan / intend / hope to do ... I feel like doing ... I’d like to (do sth.) 3. 表示希望的常用语 I want / wish / hope to ... I wish + that从句

【典例精析】 — Would you like to go for a bike ride on Sunday afternoon? — __________. I haven’t been outdoors these days. I can’t wait! A. Sorry, I can’t B. Sure, I’d love to C. Not at all D. Forget it 解析：根据答语可知，答话人很愿意，已经迫不及待了。所以应该是肯定回答。 答案：B。

考点三十一 判断和意见 1. 征询意见时的常用语 What do you think of ...? How do you like ...? How did you find ...? What’s your opinion? Do you think it is ...? Tell us what you think about / of ... We’d like to have your views / opinions about ... 2. 表达或提出意见时的常用语 In my opinion ... I (don’t) think ... Yes, I think so. I (don’t) agree.

3. 对某人或某事表示肯定时的常用语 Well done! Good work! Not bad.