个体名词：tree, city, teacher 集体名词：class, family, society 普通名词 物质名词：paper, bread, light 名 词 抽象名词：truth, health, music 专有名词: English, the United Nations, Zhongshan Park

物质名词量的表示法 a piece of news, two sheets of paper, two sets of furniture c.f. three boxes of eggs, two bunches of flowers

名词所有格 Alice’s paintings New Year’s Day at the barber’s five minutes’ talk c.f. a five-minute talk the window of the room （无生命东西的名词） the death of Dr. Norman Bethune ( 名词本身较长) What’s the name of the student sitting near the window?（名词的定语较长）

名词双重所有格 当a， an, this, that，these, those, some, any, several, no, every, such, another, which, what等与名词所有格共同修饰一个名词时， 两者不能同时都放在该名词前面，而要用双重所有格表示。 He is a friend of my father’s This is no fault of John’s c.f. a picture of his brother’s a picture of his brother

名词的单复数 1. 可数名词的复数形式： desk---- desks class---- classes factory---- factories hero---- heroes c.f photo--- photos leaf--- leaves knife--- knives c.f. roof--- roofs chief---- chiefs

2. 不规则形式： foot---feet woman--- women tooth--- teeth a sheep ---- two sheep a deer ---- two deer an aircraft--- three aircraft a Chinese--- many Chinese a Frenchman--- two Frenchmen a German--- five Germans looker-on---- lookers-on father-in-law --- fathers-in-law grown –up ----- grown ups man doctor ---- men doctors

名词的用法 主语：The children are playing under the tree. 宾语: a) She opens the window at five every morning. b) He looks after the child. 表语 Her daughter is a singer. 宾补 They name the boy Tom. 主补 He is considered an excellent writer. 定语 That is a bicycle factory.

名词的主谓一致 The class is for the plan. The class are waiting for her. The savings are for your future use. The scissors are very sharp. A pair of scissors is in the drawer. The cattle are gazing at the foot of the hill. The police are gathering in the street. A policeman is asking him several questions.

A deer is over there in the bush. Three deer are appearing over there in the bush. Five hundred dollars a month is not much. Mr. Smith, together with his wife and two sons, is to arrive on the evening flight. The manager as well as his colleagues was present at the meeting. The owner and editor of the newspaper is a friend of mine. The old lead a happy life.

就近原则 Fans or an air-conditioner is necessary for the laboratory. Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it. Not only the workers but the manager objects to the change. There’s a book, two pencils and some paper on the desk.