English Special Subject Review --- The Comparative and Superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs Shanghang Experimental Junior High Shool Lin Yuliang

形容词和副词的中考要求 （ 1 ）形容词、副词的用法； （ 2 ）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的 构成（规则变化和不规则变化）及用法； （ 3 ）形容词、副词的同级比较； （ 4 ）加修饰词的形容词、副词的用法， 如倍数、不同程度、比较级形式表最高级、 比较级的叠加等 。

EXERCISE FOR WARMING-UP 1.The little baby looks _____. A. lovely B. carefully C. heavily D. sadly 2. The Chinese people are ______ than you think. A. friendly B. more friendly C. very friendly D. as friendly 3. Everything is _____ on the moon than on the earth. A. much more lighter B. much more light C. more lighter D. much lighter 4. Allan is one of _____ popular teachers in the school. A. more B. the more C. most D. the most A B D D

形容词的作用 形容词用于修饰名词或代词，表示人和事物的 性质和特征。大多数形容词具有比较级和最高 级，形容词的位置一般在其修饰的名词前面。 形容词在句子中一般可以作定语、表语和宾语 补足语等。 I want to buy a green sweater. 我想买一件绿色的毛衣。（定语） Our headmaster is ill again. 我们的校长又生病了。（表语） My dog ’ s death made me very sad. （宾语补足语）

形容词的分类 （ 1 ）简单的形容词： good 好的， green 绿色的， long 长的， bright 明亮的 （ 2 ）带有前缀 a- 的形容词：例如： afraid 害怕的， alike 相同的， asleep 睡觉的 （ 3 ）由动词的分词形式构成的形容词： interesting 有兴趣的， exciting 令人兴奋的； tired 疲劳的， spoiled 宠坏的。 （ 4 ）一些复合形容词： 数词 + 名词 + 形容词，如： five-year-old 五岁的； 名词 + 现在分词，如： heart-breaking 令人伤心的； 形容词 + 现在分词，如： good-looking 英俊的。

副词的作用 副词既可修饰动词，又可修饰形容词，其它副词，甚至 整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。 例如： Your mother spoke to us politely. 你妈妈非常有礼貌地跟我们说话。 Luckily, we met our English teacher at the gate of the school. 幸运的是，我们在校门口遇到了我们英语老师。 副词还可以作表语、宾语补足语和定语等，副词 作定语常需放在所修饰词的后面。例如： Life here is busy and interesting. 这里的生活繁忙而有趣。

形容词和副词级的变化 一般构成规律：

常见的不规则变化：

形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法

常见考点 （ 1 ） “The + 形容词比较级 …… 句型， the+ 形容词比 较级 ……” ，表示 “ 越 …… 就越 ……” 。 The more you study, the more you will know. （ 2 ） “ 形容词比较级 +and+ 形容词比较级 ” 结构，表示 “ 越来越 ……” 。 It’s getting hotter and hotter. （ 3 ）主语 + 谓语（系动词） +as+ 形容词原级 +as+ 从句。 表示两者对比相同。 This box is half/twice as big as mine. (4)the+ 形容词，表示某种人。 He always helps the poor.

常见考点 （ 5 ）形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物 进行比较。 Beijing is the biggest city in China. 这句话可以说成： Beijing is bigger than any other city in China. Beijing is bigger than the other cities in China. （ 6 ）有时比较级前加 the 表示特指。 She is the taller of the two.

易错点点拨 （ 1 ） Your room is more and more ditry. You had better clean it. （解析）本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词 dirty 是以 “ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾的双音节词，它的比较级的叠加不能用 more and more+ 形容词，应用 dirtier and dirtier ，所以把 more and more dirty 改为 dirtier and dirtier 。 （ 2 ） Our school is becoming more beautiful and more beautiful. （解析）本句子是考查形容词的比较级叠加的用法。形容词 beautiful 是多音节的形容词，所以它的比较级叠加用 more and more+ 形容词的结构。所以去掉第一个 beautiful 。 1 、比较级的形式误用。

易错点点拨 2 、比较级的修饰词用法混淆。 My English is very better than yours. （解析）本句子是考查形容词比较级前的修饰词的用法。形 容词的比较级前面可以用 much, far, a little, a bit, a lot 等词修 饰表示程度。但不能用 very ，所以把 very 改为 much 。 3 、形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法相混淆。 I think the car is fastest of all the three. （解析）本句子是考查形容词的最高级用法，形容词的最高 级前面用定冠词 the ，副词的最高级前可以不用定冠词 the 。 所以 fastest 前加 the 。

易错点点拨 4 、比较的对象不一致。 The weather of Beijing is worse than Shanghai. （解析）本句子是考查形容词的比较级用法，两者相比的对象必须一 致，北京的天气必须和上海的天气相比。所以把 shanghai 改为 that of Shanghai ，用 that 代替上文提到的 weather ，以避免重复。 5 、形容词和副词用法混淆。 My English teacher always talks friendly with us. 我 们英语老师总是友好地和我们交谈。 （解析）本句子是考查副词修饰动词的用法，但是 friendly 是形容词。应把 friendly 改为 in a friendly way 。

易错点点拨 6 、 very, much 这两个副词都可表示 “ 很 ” ，但用法不同。 Very 用来修饰形容 词和副词的原级，而 much 用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。 例如： She is a very nice girl. I ’ m feeling much better now. much 可以修饰动词，而 very 则不能。 例如： I don ’ t t like the idea much. They did not talk much.

EXERCISE FOR THE CLASS 1. I don ‘ t think Unit 3 is more ifficult. I think it ’ s _____. A.more easily B. more easier C. much easily D. much easier 2.New York is _____ in the United States. A. larger than any city B. larger than any other city C. bigger than any cities D. biggest of all the cities 3. No one runs as fast as John in his class. The sentence means _____. A. John runs fastest in his class. B. John runs faster than any other students in his class. C. John runs more slowly than any other student in his class. D. John runs as fast as others in his class. 4.Maths _____ one of the ______ subjects in middle school. A. are; important B. is; most important C. is; more important D. are; much important B D B A

EXERCISE FOR THE CLASS 5.What a _____ cough! You seem ______ ill. A.terrible; terribly B. terribly; terrible C. terrible; terrible D. terribly; terribly 6.The Yellow River is ______ river in China. A.the two long B. the second longer C. the second longest D. two longest 7.John has three sisters. Mary is the ______ of the three. A.most cleverest B. more clever C. cleverest D. cleverer 8.The horse is getting old and cannot run ______ it did. A.as faster as B. so fast than C. faster D. so fast as 9. She is _____ careful as I, but I ’ m _____ than you. A. as; much careful B. so; more careful C. as; much more careful D. so; very careful C A D C C

EXERCISE FOR THE CLASS 10. I think science is ______ foreign languages. A. so difficult as B. as difficult as C. very difficult than D. much difficult than 11. — Do you have a big library? — No, we don ’ t, at least, not _____ yours. A.bigger as B. as big as C. as big than D. as bigger than 12.I believe that _____ you work, ______ result ( 结果 ) you ’ ll get. A. the harder; the better B. the harder; a better C. the more hard; the more better D. more hard; more better A B B

SUM UP （ 1 ）形容词、副词的用法； （ 2 ）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成 （规则变化和不规则变化）及用法； （ 3 ）形容词、副词的同级比较（ as/not as/so … as … 的用法）； （ 4 ）形容词、副词比较级的叠加句型（如： The more you study, the better you will get ）。

HOMEWORK  1.Revise and reflect this lesson.  2.Finish the exercises after class.