 语法复习！  你准备好了吗？

冠词的用法： 什么是 “ 冠 ” 词？？

冠词 The woman with a large hat on her head is beautiful.

 冠词，顾名思义，就是戴在名词头上的一顶 帽子。它是虚词，本身不能单独使用，只能 附在一个名词上帮助说明这名词的含义。英 语中冠词有两个，一是定冠词（ the Definite Article ），翻译成 “ 这个 ” 或 “ 这些 ” ；一是不定 冠词（ the Indefinite Article ）  译作 “ 一个 ” 或 “ 一类 ”  比如：我们说 “ 书 ” 用 “ book ” 是对的，但是， 放在一个句子里，如：  There is book on the desk.  This is book I bought there.  以上两句就是错句 ∧ a ∧ the 定语从句

 不定冠词的基本用法：  1 。用来表示 “ 一 ” 这个数量，意思和 one 差 不多  Eg:Rome was not built in a day.  The work will be finished in a day or two.  2 。也可以用来表示 “ 某一个 ”  This poem was written by a peasant.  A nurse is coming to see you.  3. 代表一类人或东西  Even a child can answer this question.  A horse is a useful animal.

 4. 在作表语的名词前加不定冠词的情形很多， 主要说明某个人或东西属于哪一类。  The man is an engineer.  Is this a book or a magazine?  5. 用在一些固定搭配中和习惯用法中，要注 意记忆！  all of a sudden=suddenly  as a matter of fact=in fact  in a hurry at a time pay a visit to  play a trick on have a try  play a joke on have a rest take a look  Studying English is a must.  It ’ s really a bargain.

 a kind of  a sort of  a lot of=lots of  a number of=numbers of  a large quantity of=large quantities of  a great deal of  It is a pleasure.=It ’ s my pleasure.  As a writer, he is a great success.  The meeting proves to be a failure.  You really gave me a surprise.  What a pity/shame!

 注意 “ a ” 和 “ an ”  a boy an hour  a hero an island  a useful tool an honest girl  a university an effective method  元音音素发音的词前用 “ an ”  _____European country  There is ____ ” s ” in this word.  There is ____ silent “ b ” in this word. a an a

使用定冠词的场合：  1 。特指某些人和物  Beijing is the capital of the PRC.  2 。指谈话双方都知道的人和物  Please open the door.  3 。指前文中提到的人和事  I met a girl yesterday.The girl is a nurse.  4 。用在世界上独一无二的事情或方位的名 词前。  The earth moves round the sun.

 5. 用在单数可数名词前，用来表示一类人或 事。  The tiger is in danger of dying out.  The telephone was invented by Bell.  6 。用在序数词和形容词最高级前  He directed the first and also the best film in his country.  7 。用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉和群岛的 名称前  the Yellow River the Pacific Ocean  8 。用在某些由普通名词和其它一些词组成 的专有名词前 :the Great Wall

 9. 用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或这 一姓的夫妇二人  the Turners the Greens the Smiths  The Lis  10 。在某些国名前  the United States the United Kingdom  11 。在某些形容词前，表示一类人或事  the poor/rich/dead/living/wounded  12 。表示朝代和年代的词前  the Ming Dynasty in the 1980 ‘ s  13 。在好多习惯用法中

 in the morning/afternoon/evening  in the end in the beginning  at the end of at the beginning of  In the front of in the middle of  on the contrary on the other hand  In the hope of

不用冠词的场合  1 。 在专有名词、物质名词和抽象名 词前一般不用冠词：  This kind of machine is made in China.  Glass can be made into bottles.  without hesitation/delay/mercy

 2. 在表示一类人或事物的 复数名词前，一般不用冠 词  She likes reading stories.  They are all teachers.  Children like holidays.

 3 。名词前有物主代词、指 示代词、不定代词或名词 所有格时，不再用冠词  Our country is a socialist one.  ---Have you any sister?  --No,I have no sister.  Peter ’ s brother is an engineer.

 4 。在节日、星期、月份、季节等名 词前一般不用冠词  但是在中国的传统节日前要用冠词  National Day May Day  New Year ’ s Day Sunday spring June  the Mid-autumn Festival  the Spring Festival  the Dragon-boat Festival  the Lantern Festival

 5 。担任的头衔、职务的名词 在句子中作表语、补语和同位 语时，要省略冠词：  Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the US.  He is chairman of the meeting.  Xiao Li,monitor of our class,often helps me.

 比较：  Water boils at 100C  The water in this well has been polluted.  I like drinking tea.  Long-jing is a wonderful tea.  Coffee is served here.  I ’ d like three black coffees.  Failure is the mother of success.  The Asian Games is a great success.

 在好多固定搭配中：  husband and wife body and soul  knife and fork day and night  after school/class/work  go to hospital/work/school/prison …  in front of at table on foot by car  go to town  out of question  在三餐饭，球类和棋类游戏名词前